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{{Status|Canon}}
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{{Disambig header|the supersoldiers|other uses|Spartan (disambiguation)}}
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{{References}}
[[Image:Tank.jpg|200px|right]]
[[File:SpartanStar.png|thumb|300px|A symbol representative of all incarnations of Spartan programs.]]
The SPARTAN program '''Project: SPARTAN-II''', headed by [[Dr. Catherine Halsey]] of [[ONI]], Section 3, and [[Chief Petty Officer Mendez]] of the [[UNSC]] armed forces, was the program that turned ordinary civilian children into the most capable fighting force that have ever been seen in battle. Started in 2494 (as an element of the ORION project) and 2517, the children selected for the program were chosen based on their strength, height, weight, and various other criteria on which would serve the SPARTAN-II project best. These children were then taken to [[Reach]] where they began their physical training by CPO Mendez at 5-7 years of age. They trained as [[Marines]], and after two years, they began their treatments for physical augmentation. Some of these augmentations, which caused about half of them to die and a few others were discharged from military service due to horrible side effects caused by the procedure. Those who recovered completely went on to receive further training and went on to become the current team of Spartans.  
{{Article quote|They stand alone — undaunted — before the mightiest enemy in the universe. But these are no ordinary men. They are SPARTANS...<ref>'''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]]''', ''description''</ref>}}
'''Spartans''' or '''SPARTAN Programs''' are members of a series of [[United Nations Space Command]] projects designed to create physically, genetically, technologically, and mentally superior [[wikipedia:Supersoldier|supersoldiers]] as [[UNSC Special Forces|special fighting units]].<ref name="hwp spartan">[https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/universe/factions/spartans '''Halo Waypoint''': ''Spartans'']</ref> Although the word "SPARTAN" is written in all capital letters when used in reference to the programs in a formal context, it is not an acronym; the supersoldiers are known simply as "Spartans".


Project SPARTAN-II was created in conjunction with Project [[MJOLNIR]] so that, once combined, the Spartans in their MJOLNIR armor would be the ultimate soldiers.
The first major effort to create [[Human augmentation|augmented]] supersoldiers was the [[ORION Project]], later retroactively dubbed "SPARTAN-I", which used operatives drafted from the UNSC. The subsequent programs, [[SPARTAN-II program|SPARTAN-II]] and [[SPARTAN-III program|SPARTAN-III]], were highly successful, but also controversial because of their dubious ethics concerning the use children as candidates, particularly in the Spartan-II program where risk of injury or death in the augmentation procedures was relatively high. The latest installment, [[SPARTAN-IV program|SPARTAN-IV]], returned to the idea's roots by using consenting adult volunteers primarily drawn from the various special forces units of the UNSC. While formerly serving within the various conventional military branches of the UNSC (mainly the [[UNSC Navy|Navy]]), the Spartans were brought under a single organization with the formation of the military branch known as [[Spartan Operations]] to accommodate the growing number of Spartans in the fourth-generation program following the end of the [[Human-Covenant War]].<ref name="H4 Story">[http://halo.xbox.com/halo4#!an-epic-universe/story/6eeabce4-dc80-4aa3-b2aa-2f5d123b7514 '''Halo Waypoint:''' ''Story'']</ref>


==Purpose of Project SPARTAN-II==
The Spartan supersoldiers have traditionally been supplied with state-of-the-art equipment and technology, the most iconic being the [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor]] first worn by the Spartan-IIs and later utilized to a great extent by the SPARTAN-IV supersoldiers.
The future of the [[UNSC]] looked bleak, as of 2525. ONI projections of the outer colonies concluded that their extreme instability would result in massive rebellion within twenty years unless drastic military action was taken. The SPARTAN-II soldiers were designed to be a perfect pinpoint strike force, preventing massive civilian casualties and perhaps, even a civil war, should rebellions surface. They were designed to quell insurrection.


Ironically, the appearance of [[The Covenant]] reversed their mission. After the emergence of the new threat, the Spartan soldiers fought to save every human life they possibly could from its clutches. They, along with humanity fought valiantly, but their numbers have slowly dwindled. Even though the Spartans were supersoldiers, there were still only so many of them compared to the hordes of Covenant they face. This may have prompted the UNSC to start a new generation of supersoldiers codenamed [[Spartan III]].
==Background==
The basic concept for the SPARTAN programs has been around since the late 22nd century when the first bioengineering protocols were developed for the [[Interplanetary War]].<ref name="enc44">'''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]''', ''page 44-45''</ref> Since the establishment of these protocols humans have been using performance-enhancing equipment and augmentations to make them stronger and faster than previously possible. Spartans have been deployed numerous times throughout human conflict, leading up to and during the [[Human-Covenant War]]. The notion of creating supersoldiers first arose as a plan to enhance normal human soldiers into powerfully augmented special operations commandos. Initially the three separate programs were humanity's various attempts to create the perfect soldiers, in order to patrol the colonies, protect civilian and government populations, crush uprisings in their infancy and ensure others don't rise up as a result.


Before [[The Battle of Reach]] and the destruction of the ''[[Pillar of Autumn|UNSC Pillar of Autumn]]'' at [[Installation 04]], the [[UNSC]] planned to have the Spartans capture a Covenant ship, in order to locate ''High Charity''. There, they would capture a [[Prophet]], and force an end to the war. They did not know that ''High Charity'' was a mobile station, rather than a planet in a fixed system of space. That mission was aborted after Reach fell and most of the Spartans were assumed killed. Even in posession of the ''[[Ascendant Justice]]'', it was a virtual suicide mission in light of the circumstances. The [[Master Chief]] was convinced to abort the mission. Apparently it was a good idea, because according to [[Dr. Catherine Halsey|Dr. Halsey's]] profile on Covenant society, the capture of a Prophet would escalate the war.
The Spartan soldiers of the UNSC are named after the [[Wikipedia:Sparta|Sparta]]ns of Ancient Greece, specifically during the time of the Persian invasion led by [[wikipedia:Xerxes I|Xerxes I]]. The wars between invading Persians and defending Greeks would be known as the [[wikipedia:Greco-Persian Wars|Greco-Persian Wars]], and lasted from 499-448 BCE. During this war, the [[wikipedia:Battle of Thermopylae|Battle of Thermopylae]] occurred, in which 300 Spartan soldiers leading 5000 other Greeks under the command of [[wikipedia:Leonidas I|Leonidas I]], held back a significantly larger force of Persian soldiers. All of the Spartans were eventually killed, but they successfully killed 20,000 Persians (according to Herodotus), and bought the Greeks time to prepare a better defense for Greece. The Spartans' formidable resilience resulted from their rigorous training in the [[wikipedia:agoge|agoge]], which started when they reached the age of 7.


Later, when the Master Chief had an opportunity to capture the [[High Prophet of Regret]], he did not. There are several proposed reasons for this. First, he had recieved a direct order from [[Commander Miranda Keyes]] to kill the Prophet. Second, the Covenant knew the location of Earth and there was no place left for the humans to hold such an important prisoner. Third, the Chief had no backup and it would have been extremely difficult for him to capture the Prophet with its Honor Guard surrounding him and hundreds more Covenant soldiers en route.
==History==
===Origin===
The genesis of the SPARTAN programs occurred in [[2321]] with the activation of the [[ORION Project]].{{Ref/Reuse|enc44}} Launched by the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]], the project was named after the Greek mythological hero [[Wikipedia:Orion (mythology)|Orion]].<ref>'''[[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]]''', ''June 19, 2513''</ref> The aim of ORION was to build on [[Human augmentation|bioengineering protocols]] established in [[2164]] and create stronger and better soldiers than any before them.


== Known Spartans ==
The initial beginnings of ORION were merely a test to see what could be accomplished with the advancements of that time, and candidates of the ORION project were all volunteers from the armed forces of the military - these handful of candidates went through numerous testing and augmentations throughout the duration of the project. However, the results were far less than expected and eventually the candidates were seeded into the regular chain of command after the project was declared ineffective and terminated.


The indentities of the Spartan's full names have been deleted from the military records. These are the tags of all known Spartans, and their current status.
===The relaunch of ORION===
[[File:OrionLogoSL.png|200px|thumb|ORION Project logo.]]
{{Main|ORION Project}}
In [[2491]], the [[Colonial Military Authority]] relaunched ORION in secrecy, with the new goal of learning from the mistakes of the previous attempt, and creating a soldier unlike anything seen before - and to deploy these soldiers behind enemy lines and quell insurgencies in their infancy, or destroy established insurgencies by destroying their chain of command and expanding outward.  


SPARTAN-II Class 1 ("First" Spartans) originally selected 150 potential candidates, however there was only funding for half that number, so the Spartan candidates were further scrutinized, producing 75 "test subjects."
The project was headquartered in one of the many orbital docks on the fortress world [[Reach]], and the candidates were, once again, selected volunteers from the [[UNSC Special Forces]]. This iteration of the project used more advanced indoctrination and biological augmentation techniques, and after a grueling series of physical and mental tests, the first batch of soldiers, 165 in total, successfully passed and moved on to the next phase. In [[2496]] the UNSC launched [[Operation: CHARLEMAGNE]] in response to [[Insurrectionist#Eridanus rebels|colonial secessionists]] who executed a series of attacks on [[Eridanus II]], which resulted in numerous deaths and the kidnappings of civilian and government officials in [[2494]]. This marked the first operational deployment of the ORION soldiers, who scored a decisive victory and emerged from the battle with only a single casualty. The ORION soldiers were able to complete the mission without even being ''seen'', thereby fueling a range of conspiracy theories and media speculation; this proved to be very helpful to ONI's [[propaganda]] efforts in the coming decades. Though the ORION soldiers were effective, their abilities fell short of the scientists' hopes, and they cost far too much to develop and field - in [[2506]] the project was deactivated and the soldiers were reassigned to various special operation units.{{Ref/Reuse|enc44}}


SPARTAN-II Class 2 ("Second" Spartans) are these 75 "test subjects."
===SPARTAN-II===
[[File:Spartan-II Insignia.png|thumb|200px|The SPARTAN-II unit patch, which would later serve as the inspiration for the Spartan branch insignia.]]
{{Main|SPARTAN-II program}}
In the years following the deactivation of the ORION Project in 2506, the Insurrection became too large for the UNSC to manage with small Special Forces teams. As the Insurrectionist attacks were becoming more effective, and the military's responses heavier; the need for large scale military campaigns were becoming more and more necessary. The SPARTAN-II program was conceived by [[Catherine Halsey|Dr. Catherine Halsey]] of ONI's Section 3, as the successor to the original ORION project and the best possible solution to end the conflict with the Insurrectionists.


SPARTAN-II Class 3  ("Third" Spartans) is not well known. However there were at least 308 potential "test subjects".
Whereas the former Spartans were chemically-enhanced volunteers from the armed forces, the SPARTAN-IIs were young children, who were kidnapped, indoctrinated, and raised as soldiers from as young as six years old, being surgically, genetically, and cybernetically enhanced once they reached physical maturity. Although it was viewed as wildly unethical and filled with controversy, the secretive program produced results, and more importantly the Spartan-II soldiers proved to be the most effective soldiers ever fielded by a human armed force - and the most powerful weapon in the battle against the Insurrection. However, in [[2525]] the sudden breakout of the [[Human-Covenant War]] proved to be the most challenging and daunting war yet waged by humans, and the SPARTAN-IIs were outfitted with [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor|MJOLNIR]], the most advanced mechanized armor in human history.


===Class 2: 2525===
While the war with the [[Covenant]] continued to progress and the Insurrection was effectively cut off, the Spartan-IIs continued to engage Insurrectionist factions who remained strong enough to pose a genuine threat to the UNSC. The Spartan-IIs continued to perform their missions near-flawlessly, and ruthlessly killed off rebel leaders while engaging Covenant forces, doing whatever was necessary to protect the interests of the UNSC.
*[[Li-008|SPARTAN-008: Li]] - MIA/KIA


*[[Spartan-029|SPARTAN-029: Joshua]] - MIA/KIA
===SPARTAN-III===
{{Main|SPARTAN-III program}}
As the Human-Covenant War progressed and casualties mounted exponentially, ONI activated another program that was arguably even more morally questionable than the SPARTAN-II program. Spearheaded by a prominent opponent to Halsey's SPARTAN-II program, [[Colonel]] [[James Ackerson]], the SPARTAN-III program was established using the previous program as a proof of concept.


*[[Spartan-030|SPARTAN-030: Vinh]] - MIA/KIA
Designed to produce supersoldiers more quickly, at a lower cost, and with a lower life expectancy, the SPARTAN-III program was intended for extreme high risk operations conducted at the highest level of secrecy. The SPARTAN-III candidates were once again children; however, rather than actually stealing children from their beds, this time the "candidates" were recruited from orphanages after the loss of their homes and families from the Covenant invasion, given the opportunity to strike back at the Covenant. The S-III candidates were taken to the planet [[Onyx]] and were under the leadership of Spartan-II [[Lieutenant Commander]] [[Kurt Ambrose]]. Most of the Spartan-IIIs were equipped with [[Semi-Powered Infiltration armor]], which is less advanced and cheaper to mass-produce than the MJOLNIR suits issued to the Spartan-IIs. Throughout the Human-Covenant War, three companies of Spartan-IIIs were trained and deployed, with exceedingly high casualty rates. The first company of S-IIIs, [[SPARTAN-III Alpha Company|Alpha Company]], was successful in destroying Covenant and rebel forces during the battles of [[Mamore]], [[New Constantinople]] and in the [[Bonanza asteroid belt]] - their last mission [[Operation: PROMETHEUS]] in [[2537]] was deemed a success, even though all of the Spartans of Alpha Company were killed in action. The second company, [[SPARTAN-III Beta Company|Beta]], was trained soon after the loss of Alpha. In [[2545]], the company participated in [[Operation: TORPEDO]], which was also deemed a success; however, only two Spartans, [[Tom-B292]] and [[Lucy-B091]], survived out of the three hundred soldiers that took part in the operation. Tom and Lucy became trainers for the third company of S-IIIs, [[SPARTAN-III Gamma Company|Gamma Company]]. Gamma Company completed their augmentation and most were deployed on missions elsewhere in late 2552, when the [[Trevelyan|Shield World]] on Onyx was activated.<ref>'''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]''', ''page 85''</ref> A fourth class, [[SPARTAN-III Delta Company|Delta Company]], was slated to begin training around late 2552,<ref>'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''page 121''</ref> until the SPARTAN-III program was discontinued after the destruction of [[Onyx]] and the creation of the [[SPARTAN-IV program]]. After the war, the surviving Spartan-IIIs were offered the chance to integrate into the fledgling [[Spartan Operations]].


*[[Spartan-034|SPARTAN-034: Samuel]] - Confirmed KIA
Smaller, highly specialized units consisting of Spartan-IIIs also existed; these included the [[Headhunters]] and [[NOBLE Team]]. These units consisted of Spartans who were deemed particularly exceptional among their peers, removed from their mainline companies and given superior equipment and armor. Notably, the members of NOBLE Team received sets of MJOLNIR armor and had [[Jorge-052|a Spartan-II]] as a permanent member.


*[[Spartan-039|SPARTAN-039: Isaac]] - MIA/KIA
===SPARTAN-IV===
[[File:Spartan Branch insignia.png|thumb|150px|The Spartan branch insignia, derived from that of the Spartan-IIs.]]
{{Main|SPARTAN-IV program}}
Conceived by a SPARTAN-II "washout", [[Commander]] [[Musa-096]], the SPARTAN-IV program was activated in early [[2553]]. Like the original ORION Project, the SPARTAN-IV program uses only consenting adult volunteers, the augmentation of adults having been made possible by advancements in the technologies pioneered by the prior Spartan programs. Unlike the mainline SPARTAN-IIIs who were forced to use cheaper equipment due to budgetary constraints, all Spartan-IVs are equipped with MJOLNIR armor, now mass-produced by several private companies. The Spartan-IVs serve in a dedicated UNSC service branch known as [[Spartan Operations]], whereas their forebears operated within other chains of command.{{Ref/Reuse|H4 Story}} Unlike the other military branches, the Spartans lack a formal rank hierarchy altogether, instead employing a more malleable framework based on an individual Spartan's skills and specialization.<ref>'''[[Halo 4: The Essential Visual Guide]]''', ''page 33''</ref>
{{Clear}}


*[[Spartan-043|SPARTAN-043: William]] - Unknown/Medical Recovery
==List of Spartans{{Ref/Note|Four identified Spartans are currently unable to be confidently placed in a certain generation with a high degree of confidence. These three are [[SPARTAN NOLA]], [[SPARTAN NV66]], [[Yasmine Zaman]], and [[Nicole-458]]. Nicole has been identified as a [[Spartan-II]], but her number suggests she may in fact be a Spartan-III. Similarly, Yasmine's given date of conscription as a Spartan-II correlates with that of the launch of the Spartan-III program's Alpha Company: 2537.}}==
===ORION Project augmented personnel ("Spartan-Is")===
*[[Sergeant Major]] [[Avery Johnson]] - KIA [[2552|December 11, 2552]] on [[Installation 08]] above [[Installation 00]].
*[[Gilly]] - retired from military service after the dissolution of the project in [[2506]].
*[[Gunnery Sergeant]] [[Gladys Wilson]] - retired from military service after [[Operation: TREBUCHET]] in early [[2525]].
*[[James James|Jim James]] (born James Lee) - retired from military service after the dissolution of the project in [[2506]]. Killed in late [[2552]] in [[New York City]].
*[[Morales]] - retired from military service after the dissolution of the project in [[2506]].
*[[ORION candidate 047]] - died due to an adverse reaction from a [[drugs|medication]] given for augmentation.
*At least 294 others.{{Ref/Note|There were 300 "Spartan-Is" at the height of the project. It is likely that [[John Forge]]'s father (died c. 2541 in [[Chicago]], [[URNA]].) was counted among this number. It is also possible that [[Nolan Byrne]] (KIA November 17, 2552 in [[Voi]], [[Kenya]]) was a Spartan-1 as well.}}


*[[Spartan-044|SPARTAN-044: Anton]] - MIA/KIA
====="Spartan 1.1s"{{Ref/Note|It is likely that [[Sergeant]] [[John Forge]] (died [[2531]]) was a "Spartan 1.1".}}=====
*[[Benji Wong]]
*[[Darin]]
*[[Frannie]]
*[[Guy]] - [[Prisoner|incarcerated]] as of late [[2552]].
*[[Janissary James]] - daughter of James Lee and Gilly.
*[[Kevin Morales]] - son of [[Morales]], the "Spartan-I".


*[[Spartan-051|SPARTAN-051: Kurt]] - Confirmed KIA
===SPARTAN-IIs{{Ref/Note|Of the Spartans listed KIA on Reach on August 30, 2552, two were identified as "Beta Red Actual" and "Red-Fifteen".  Another unidentified spartan perished on Reach: likely Joseph-122.}}===
{{Scrollbox|
*[[James-005]] - KIA [[2552|August 30, 2552]] above [[Reach]].
*[[Jai-006]] - Active as of [[2558|July 2558]].
*[[Li-008]] - KIA in September 2552 in [[slipstream space]].
*[[Naomi-010]] - Active as of 2558.
*[[Leon-011]] - Active as of October 2558.
*[[SPARTAN-013]] - KIA during the augmentation process on March 9, 2525.
*[[Kirk-018]] - Crippled during the [[SPARTAN-II augmentation procedures|augmentation process]] on March 9, [[2525]] and assigned to a noncombatant role.
*[[Serin-019]] - Damaged by augmentations. Promoted to [[Admiral]]. Became [[CINCONI]] by [[2555|March 2555]].
*[[Daisy-023]] - KIA after 2535.
*[[Robert-025]] - Active as of October 2558.
*[[Riz-028/Silver|Riz-028]] - Status unknown.
*[[Joshua-029]] - KIA August 30, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Vinh-030]] - KIA September 7, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Otto-031]] - KIA [[2557|July 25, 2557]] on [[Installation 03]].
*[[Samuel-034]] - KIA [[2525|November 27, 2525]] aboard the ''[[Unrelenting]]'' in the [[Chi Ceti system]].
*[[Randall-037]] - Discharged from the [[UNSC]] in [[2546]]. Joined the [[Sedran Colonial Guard]]. KIA in [[2556|February 2556]] on [[Alpha Shard]], a piece of [[Installation 04]] that had relocated to Location 6201.
*[[Isaac-039]] - KIA September 7, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Douglas-042]] - Active as of [[2559|March 2559]]. Status remains MIA by UNSC from 2537.
*[[William-043]] - KIA November 3, 2552 on [[Onyx]].
*[[Anton-044]] - KIA in September 2552 in [[slipstream space]].
*[[Keiichi-047]] - MIA as of March 3, 2558.{{Ref/Note|Keiichi may be KIA but only represented as MIA due to [[ONI Directive 930]].}}
*[[Kurt-051]] - KIA November 3, 2552 on Onyx.
*[[Jorge-052]] - KIA August 14, 2552 above Reach onboard Covenant [[Ardent Prayer]] in [[Operation: UPPER CUT]].
*[[Margaret-053]] - KIA July 25, 2557 on Installation 03.
*[[Linda-058]] - Active as of October 2559.
*[[Malcolm-059]] - KIA August 30, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Maria-062]] - Retired from active service, but serving in the reserves as of October 2552.
*[[Sheila-065]] - KIA in 2544 on [[Miridem]].
*[[Soren-066]] - MIA as of [[2527]] after defecting to the [[Insurrection]].
*[[Solomon-069]] - KIA in [[2544]] at [[Ascon]].
*[[Cassandra-075]] - Crippled during the augmentation process on March 9, 2525. Undergoing rehabilitation as of late 2552.
*[[Arthur-079]] - KIA in 2544 at Ascon.
*[[Rene-081]] - Crippled during the augmentation process on March 9, 2525 and assigned to a noncombatant role.
*[[Fhajad-084]] - Crippled during the augmentation process on March 9, 2525 and assigned to a noncombatant role.
*[[Kelly-087]] - Active as of October 2559.
*[[Jerome-092]] - Active as of 2559. Status remains MIA by UNSC from 2537.
*[[Grace-093]] - KIA September 13, 2552 aboard the ''[[Unyielding Hierophant]]'' in the [[Tau Ceti system]] on [[Operation: FIRST STRIKE]].
*[[Caleb-095]] - Attempted abduction in [[2517]] failed.
*[[Musa-096]] - Crippled during the augmentation process on March 9, 2525. Promoted to [[Rear Admiral]]. Created the [[SPARTAN-IV Program]] and founded [[Spartan Operations]].
*[[August-099]] - Active as of October 2558.
*[[Victor-101]] - KIA July 25, 2557 on Installation 03.
*[[Ralph-103]] - Discharged at some point between 2525 and [[2531]]. Enlisted with the [[UNSC Marine Corps]] and was KIA after 2535.
*[[Frederic-104]] - Active as of October 2559.
*[[Adriana-111]] - Active as of July 2558.
*SPARTAN-116 - Status unknown.
*[[John-117]] - Active as of [[2560|May 2560]].
*SPARTAN-118 - Status unknown.
*SPARTAN-119 - Status unknown.
*[[Michael-120]] - Active as of July 2558.
*SPARTAN-121 - Status unknown.
*[[Joseph-122]] - Status unknown. Presumably KIA.
*SPARTAN-123 - Status unknown.
*SPARTAN-124 - Status unknown.
*[[Kai-125/Silver|Kai-125]] - Status unknown.
*[[Oscar-129]] - Committed suicide in early 2525.
*[[Alice-130]] - Active as of 2559. Status remains MIA by UNSC from 2537.
*[[Vannak-134/Silver|Vannak-134]] - Status unknown.
*[[Carris-137]] - Status unknown. Presumably KIA.
*[[Cal-141]] - KIA in [[2544]] on [[Heian]].
*[[Roma-143]] - KIA July 25, 2557 on Installation 03.
*18 others that were not augmented successfully in 2525.
}}


*[[Spartan-058|SPARTAN-058: Linda]] - Revived on ''Gettysburg/Ascendant Justice'' Hybrid Vessel
===SPARTAN-IIIs===
{{Scrollbox|
*[[Kai-A019]] - Status unknown. Presumably KIA.
*[[Robert-A057]] - KIA on [[2537|August 2, 2537]] on asteroid [[K7-49]].
*[[Shane-A112]] - KIA on August 2, 2537 on asteroid [[K7-49]].
*[[Jane-A203]] - KIA on August 2, 2537 on asteroid [[K7-49]].
*[[Emile-A239]] - KIA on August 30, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Carter-A259]] - KIA on August 30, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Jun-A266]] - Retired from military service. Acting [[Chief of Staff]] of Spartan Operations.
*[[Kevin-A282]] - Active as of [[2553]].
*[[Thom-A293]] - KIA on April 22, 2552 on [[Fumirole]].
*[[Hazel-A302]] - Active as of 2553.
*[[Rosenda-A344]] - Status unknown.
*[[Adam-B004]] - KIA [[2545|July 3, 2545]] on [[Pegasi Delta]].
*[[Lucy-B091]] - Active as of April [[2554]].
*[[Owen-B096]] - Active as of 2553.
*[[SPARTAN-B170]] - Status unknown. Presumably KIA.
*[[Min-B174]] - KIA July 3, 2545 on [[Pegasi Delta]].
*[[Roland-B210]] - KIA on a [[Covenant]]-occupied [[Unidentified moon|moon]].
*[[Tom-B292]] - Active as of April [[2554]].
*[[Jonah-B283]] - KIA on a [[Covenant]]-occupied [[Unidentified moon|moon]].
*[[SPARTAN-B312]] - KIA on August 30, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Catherine-B320]] - KIA on August 23, 2552 on Reach.
*[[Holly-G003]] - KIA on November 3, 2552 on Onyx.
*[[SPARTAN-G059]] - Active as of January 2558.
*[[Ash-G099]] - Active as of December 2553. Officially declared KIA.
*[[Dante-G188]] - KIA on November 3, 2552 on Onyx.
*[[Olivia-G291]] - Active as of December 2553. Officially declared KIA.
*[[Mark-G313]] - KIA on October 14, 2559 on installation 00
*1,220 others (includes all children trained; not just those that were successfully [[Project CHRYSANTHEMUM|augmented]] and put into active service).
}}


*[[Spartan-059|SPARTAN-059: Malcom]] - Confirmed KIA
===SPARTAN-IVs===
{{Scrollbox|
*[[92738-61842-LC]] - Active as of September 2558.
*[[Anthony Madsen]] - Active as of July 2558.
*[[Bradford Gale]] - Active as of February 2558.
*[[Bethany Kossup]] - Active as of [[2557]].
*[[Cara Costabile]] - KIA February 2558 on Requiem.
*[[Carlo Hoya]] - Active as of July 2558.
*[[Carmichael]] - Active as of February 2558.
*[[Casillas]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Dunlap]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Dunn (Spartan-IV)|Dunn]] - Active as of March 2558.
*[[Edward Buck]] - Active as of November 2558.
*[[Edward Davis]] - KIA in [[2554]] on [[X50]]. Portions of his personality were stored in a [[durance]] and recovered by the [[UNSC]].
*[[Elias Holt]] - Active as of March 2555.
*[[Ernst Deming]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Estey-Bethel]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Frank Kodiak]] - Active as of March 2555.
*[[Fredric Zurenia]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Gabriel Thorne]] - Active as of September 2558.
*[[Gustavo Esposito]] - Active as of February 2558.
*[[Gretchen Ketola]] - Re-enlisted from retirement. Active as of November 2558.
*[[Hideo Wakahisa]] - KIA March 29, 2554 onboard an [[Unidentified Spartan-IV training station|orbital station]] over a dwarf planet.
*[[Holly Tanaka]] - Active as of November 2558.
*[[Hong]] - Active as of March 2558
*[[Horatio Fry]] - Active as of February 2558.
*[[Ilsa Zane]] - Defected to the New Colonial Alliance.
*[[Jameson Locke]] - Active as of November 2558.
*[[Jared Miller]] - Active as of March 2558.
*[[Joel Thomas]] - Active as of July 2558.
*[[Jones (Spartan-IV)|Jones]] - Active as of March 2558.
*[[Kojo Agu]] - Active as of 2558.
*[[Kovsky]] - Active as of 2554.
*[[Lincoln]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Michael Crespo]] - Defected to the [[United Rebel Front]]. Active as of November 2558, returning to [[Alpha-Nine]].
*[[Naiya Ray]] - Active as of July 2558.
*[[Newman]] - KIA March 5, 2558 on [[Ealen IV]].
*[[Olympia Vale]] - Active as of November 2558.
*[[Orzel]] - Active as of November 2558.
*[[Paul DeMarco]] - KIA March 5, 2558 on [[Ealen IV]].
*[[Robert Dalton]] - Active as of February 2558.
*[[Rudolf Schein]] - Defected to the United Rebel Front. Killed March 29, 2554 onboard an [[Unidentified Spartan-IV training station|orbital station]] over a dwarf planet.
*[[Commander]] [[Sarah Palmer]] - Active as of January 2559.
*[[Scott Macrae]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Tashi]] - KIA February 2558 on [[Requiem]].
*[[Tedra Grant]] - Active as of July 2558.
*[[Terry Hedge]] - Active as of February 2558.
*[[Taylor Miles]] - Re-enlisted from retirement. Active as of November 2558.
*[[To]] - KIA March 5, 2558 on [[Ealen IV]].
*[[Vladimir Scruggs]] - Defected to the [[New Colonial Alliance]]. Killed March 5, 2558 on Ealen IV.
*[[Yeong-hao Holst]] - Active as of January 2553.
*At least 456 others.
}}


*[[Spartan-062|SPARTAN-062: Maria]] - Retired
==''Halo: Fleet Battles''==
===UNSC Pelican Boarding Craft (Spartans)===
*Flight slots: 0
*Movement: 12"
*Damage track: 6
*Security detail: 5
*Systems loadout:
**Assault specialist (2)
**Heroic save (Spartan)


*[[Spartan-084|SPARTAN-084: Fhajad]] - Discharged
==Trivia==
 
*At least five Spartans are known to have defected from the UNSC to various Insurrectionist cells: [[Soren-066]], [[Ilsa Zane]], [[Rudolf Schein]], [[Michael Crespo]], and [[Vladimir Scruggs]].
*[[Spartan-087|SPARTAN-087: Kelly]] - Active
*''[[Halo: New Blood]]'' is the only official work to date that depicts at least one member from each SPARTAN generation.
 
*[[Spartan-093|SPARTAN-093: Grace]] - Confirmed KIA
 
*[[Spartan-104|SPARTAN-104: Fredric]] - Unknown/Medical Recovery
 
*[[Master Chief|SPARTAN-117: John]] - Active
 
*[[Spartan-James|James]] - MIA/KIA
 
*[[Spartan-Kirk|Kirk]] - Discharged
 
*[[Spartan-Rene|Rene]] - Discharged
 
*[[Cassandra|Cassandra]] - WIA
 
*[[Spartan-Randall|Randall]] - MIA
 
*[[Spartan-Shiela|Shiela]] - Confirmed KIA
 
===Class 3: 2537===
*[[Spartan-458|Nicole]] - Active
*[[Spartan-Yasmine]] - Killed in Augmentation
 
See--[[Spartan-III]]
 
 
Although some did perish in their escape from Reach and after the first strike lead by John-117, the last known surviving Spartans are: John-117, Kelly-087, Fred-104, Will-043, and Linda-058. Currently, Kelly-087's status is assumed alive, but her whereabouts are unknown. She is assumed to be in the company of [[Dr. Catherine Halsey]].
 
Section Two of the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] has made a significant effort to keep the reports of Spartan soldier's deaths a secret. They created the [[Spartan MIA Protocol]], and this created a strong feeling among the general populace that Spartans were invincible and could not die. The effort has been largely successful in deceiving the human population.


''Note: Fortunately, we cannot assume that every Spartan assumed MIA or KIA is actually dead. Notice that many of them dissappeared under dire circumstances. Li-008, Anton-044, Vinh-030, Spartan-James (number unknown), and Joshua-029 are examples. They are assumed dead but the other characters did not actually witness these Spartans die. This is so that the game developers can have the space to develop any potential plot points if they want to. If there are more stories to come, there will continue to be many loose ends.''
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Halo3_ODST_Sgt._Johnson.png|[[Avery Johnson]], a Spartan-I, clad in [[ODST armor|ODST battle dress uniform]].
File:HInf Character Master Chief render.png|[[John-117]], a Spartan-II, clad in [[GEN3|MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor [GEN3]]].
File:HR-MCC-B312.png|[[SPARTAN-B312]], a Spartan-III, clad in [[B-class Mjolnir|Mark V[B]]] MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor [GEN1].
File:H5G-Render-Locke-fullbody.png|[[Jameson Locke]], a Spartan-IV, clad in [[HUNTER-class Mjolnir|HUNTER-class]] MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor [GEN2].
</gallery>


There is also a discrepancy between the number of Spartans at Reach. Page 260 of "The Fall of Reach" states that there were three spartans who were in "fields of battle too distant to be easily recalled".
==List of appearances==
 
{{col-begin}}
Finally, it remains yet to be determined if Cassandra is an actual Spartan or not.
{{col-2}}
 
*''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]]'' {{1st}}
== Augmentation Procedures ==
*''[[Halo: Combat Evolved]]''
===Proposed===
*''[[Halo: The Flood]]''
[[Admiral Ysionris Jeromi]] of the research station ''[[Hopeful]]'' documented the following experimental procedures on Bonobo Chimpanzees. These operations were later performed on the Spartan soldiers:
*''[[Halo: First Strike]]''
 
*''[[i love bees]]''
'''1. Carbide ceramic ossification:''' advanced material grafting onto skeletal structure to make bones virtually unbreakable. Recommended coverage not to exceed 3 percent total bone mass because of significant white blood cell necrosis. Specific risk for pre- and near-post pubescent adolescents: skeletal growth spurts may cause irreparable bone pulverization.
*''[[Halo 2]]''
 
**''[[Conversations from the Universe]]'' {{Mo}}
'''2. Muscular enhancement injections:''' protein complex is injected intramuscularly to increase tissue density and decrease lactase recovery time. Risk: 5 percent of test subjects experience a fatal cardiac volume increase.
*''[[Halo Graphic Novel]]''
 
**''[[The Last Voyage of the Infinite Succor]]''
'''3. Catalytic thyroid implant:''' platinum pellet containing human growth hormone catalyst is implanted in the thyroid to boost growth of skeletal and muscle tissues. Risk: rare instances of elephantiasis. Suppressed sexual drive.
**''[[Armor Testing]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Ghosts of Onyx]]''
'''4. Occipital capillary reversal:''' submergence and boosted blood vessel flow beneath the rods and cones of subject’s retina. Produces a marked visual perception increase. Risk: retinal rejection and detachment. Permanent blindness.
*''[[Starry Night]]''
 
*''[[Believe]]''  
'''5. Superconducting fabrication of neural dendrites:''' alteration of bioelectrical nerve transduction to shielded electronic transduction. Three hundred percent increase in subject’s reflexes. Anecdotal evidence of marked increase in intelligence, memory, and creativity. Risk: significant instances of Parkinson’s disease and Fletcher’s syndrome.<ref>[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]], pages 57/58</ref>
**''[[Diorama]]'' {{C|Diorama only}}
 
*''[[Halo: Uprising]]''
===Results===
*''[[Halo 3]]''
The combined modifications produced unexpected and unexplained synergistic effects, later recorded as follows:
*''[[Halo: Contact Harvest]]''
 
*''[[Halo: The Cole Protocol]]''
*Capable of running at speeds exceeding 55 KPH. SPARTAN-087 was capable of running faster than the rest.
*''[[Halo Wars]]''
*Capable of lifting three times their body weight due to increased muscle density.
*''[[Halo: Helljumper]]''
*Virtual night vision.
*''[[Halo 3: ODST]]''
*Reaction times of 20 milliseconds. Significantly faster in combat situations.
*''[[Halo Legends]]''
*Capable of unprecedented teamwork that resembled "telepathy".
**''[[Origins]]''
*No physiological or mental instabilities.<ref>[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]], pages 73/74</ref>
**''[[Homecoming]]''
 
**''[[The Babysitter]]''
These abilities were completely independant of the MJOLNIR armor, which only further augmented the Spartans' unprecedented capabilities.
**''[[The Package (animated short)|The Package]]''
 
**''[[Odd One Out]]'' {{C|Non-canonical appearance}}
==History of Project SPARTAN-II==
*''[[Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe]]''
 
**''[[Pariah]]''
*'''2491:''' Project ORION, the predecessor to Project SPARTAN-II, is launched
**''[[Dirt]]''
 
**''[[Headhunters (short story)|Headhunters]]''
*'''August 17, 2517:''' The first Spartan-II candidate, six-year-old test subject number 117 (SPARTAN-117), is selected.
**''[[The Mona Lisa]]'' {{Mo}}
**''[[Palace Hotel]]''
*'''September 23, 2517:''' The Spartan test subjects are abducted from their homes and replaced with flash clones. The real children, most no older than six, are brought through [[Slipspace]] to planet [[Reach]]. They are officially conscripted into the SPARTAN-II program.
**''[[Human Weakness]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Blood Line]]''
*'''September 24, 2517:''' The Spartan test subjects begin their first day of training, with an excruciating physical regimen with Chief Petty Officer Mendez and rigorous classroom education by the AI Deja.
*''[[Remember Reach]]''
 
**''[[Birth of a Spartan]]''
*'''July 12, 2519:''' After an extended mission in the [[Military Wilderness Training Preserve]], SPARTAN-117 is made Squad Leader of the Spartans.
**''[[Patrol]]'' {{Mo}}
 
**''[[Deliver Hope]]''
*'''March 9, 2525:''' The Spartans undergo augmentation procedures. Of the 75 children, 30 are killed during the procedures, 12 are too crippled to continue training, and only 33 candidates are left.
*''[[Halo: Reach]]''
 
**''[[Data pads]]'' {{Mo}}
*'''March 30, 2525:''' The 30 dead Spartans are given a deep space funeral, the 12 crippled spartans are reassigned to other jobs in the Office of Naval Intelligence. The remaining Spartans begin their final recovery and training.
**''[[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Fall of Reach]]''
*'''April 22, 2525:''' SPARTAN-117 accidentally kills three [[ODST]] soldiers in self defense. The Spartans are permanently given a bad reputation as "freaks" because of this incident. From this point on, trainers must wear their own armor for safety.
**''[[Halo: Fall of Reach - Boot Camp|Boot Camp]]''
 
**''[[Halo: Fall of Reach - Covenant|Covenant]]''
*'''September 11, 2525:''' The Spartans are given their final training exercise in a cavern against trainers in Mark I Powered Exoskeletons.
**''[[Halo: Fall of Reach - Invasion|Invasion]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Glasslands]]''
*'''September 12, 2525:''' The Spartans are given their first mission: The capture of [[Colonel Robert Watts]] of the [[Eridanus Rebels]]. SPARTAN-117 is given the highest military rank of the Spartans as he is promoted to Petty Officer Third Class.
*''[[Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary]]''
 
**''[[Terminal (Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary)|Terminals]]''
*'''September 14, 2525:''' A Spartan team consisting of SPARTAN-117, SPARTAN-104, SPARTAN-087, SPARTAN-058, and SPARTAN-034 suceed in their mission.
*''[[Halo: The Thursday War]]''
 
{{col-2}}
*'''September 15: 2525:''' The Spartan unit garners its first major award, SPARTAN-117 receives a Purple Heart for an injury during the mission.
*''[[Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn]]''
 
*''[[Scanned]]''
*'''November 2, 2525:''' The Spartan soldiers are first briefed about the Covenant. Chief Mendez and Deja leave the Spartans to train a new group of Spartans.
*''[[Halo 4]]''
 
**''[[Spartan Ops]]''
*'''November 3, 2525:''' All 33 Spartan soldiers graduate from training. They are all commissioned with the rank of Petty Officer, Second Class.
**''[[Infinity Briefing Packet]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Spartan Assault]]''
*'''November 27, 2525:''' The Spartans are given their first MJOLNIR armor. The Spartan unit suffers its first combat casualty, SPARTAN-034 is killed in the destruction of a Covenant ship.
*''[[Halo: Initiation]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Escalation]]''
*'''February 10-12, 2535:''' The Spartans fight in the [[Jericho VII]] theater of operations. They witness their first [[glassing]] firsthand from the bridge of the destroyer ''[[UNSC Resolute]]'' as they retreat.
*''[[Halo: Mortal Dictata]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Broken Circle]]'' {{Mo}}
*'''2537:''' Unbeknownst to the first Class of Spartans, a second class, consisting of at least 300 test subjects, is abducted and replaced with flash clones in the same manner as the first class.
*''[[Halo: Nightfall]]''
 
*''[[Halo 2: Anniversary]]''
*'''2552:''' Stealth ship ''Apocolypso'' causes a temporal anomaly, throwing one of the second Spartans into the 21st Century.
**''[[Terminal (Halo 2: Anniversary)|Terminals]]''
 
*''[[Halo: New Blood]]''
*'''July 17, 2552:''' The first Spartans are deployed to the surface of [[Sigma Octanus IV]] and fight in [[The Battle of Sigma Octanus IV]].
*''[[Hunt the Truth]]''
 
**''[[All Hail]]''
*'''August 27, 2552:''' The first Spartans are briefed about their mission to capture a Covenant Prophet.
**''[[The Cost]]''
 
**''[[Hunt the Signal]]''
*'''August 30, 2552:''' [[The Battle of Reach]]. The first Spartans are divided into two teams: Blue Team (SPARTAN-117, SPARTAN-058, and James) and Red Team (All other Spartans). Blue Team is dispatched to [[Reach Station Gamma]] to destroy a NAV database. Red Team is dispatched to Reach to defend the Orbital Generators. Red Team is subsequently divided into Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta Teams. During this battle all Spartan-IIs from the first class are killed or missing, except SPARTAN-117, SPARTAN-104, SPARTAN-087, SPARTAN-008, SPARTAN-044, SPARTAN-043, SPARTAN-093 and the clinically deceased (later revived after cryo-stasis) SPARTAN-058 escape Reach. Of these survivors Spartans 008, 044 and 093 were killed in subsequent combat actions at the ruins of [[Installation 04]] and during [[Operation: FIRST STRIKE]]. Three unidentified Spartans are rumored to have been absent from The Battle of Reach and subsequent actions due to their assignments on "distant" battlefronts. Their whereabouts have not yet been confirmed.
**''[[A Hero Falls]]''
 
**''[[The Hunt Begins]]''
*'''September 20, 2552:''' The four remaining Spartan-IIs (minus the "distant" three) return back to Earth and they are out fitted with the new MJLONIR Mark VI armor. They are also issued new weapons, and have to defend Earth.
*''[[Halo: Spartan Strike]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Hunters in the Dark]]''
''unfinished''
*''[[Halo: Fleet Battles]]''
 
*''[[Halo: Last Light]]''
==Trivia==
*''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach - The Animated Series]]''
In the two games the word 'Spartan' is only said once at the end of [[Halo 2]] by the [[Master Chief]] when he says "This is Spartan 117...." aboard the [[Forerunner Ship]].
*''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]''
(In truth, it is said twice in Halo 2. Sometimes the Marines call the Chief a Spartan.)
**''[[Halo 5: Guardians Limited Edition dossiers|Limited Edition dossiers]]''
*''[[Halo: Shadow of Intent]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Halo: Ground Command]]''
*''[[Halo Mythos]]''
*''[[Halo Fractures]]''
**''[[Lessons Learned]]''
**''[[Breaking Strain]]''
**''[[A Necessary Truth]]''
**''[[Rossbach's World (story)|Rossbach's World]]''
*''[[Halo: Tales from Slipspace]]''
**''[[Something has Happened]]''
**''[[Fireteam Majestic Poker Night]]''
**''[[On the Brink]]''
**''[[Knight Takes Bishop]]''
**''[[Dominion Splinter]]''
*''[[Halo: Smoke and Shadow]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Halo Wars 2]]''
*''[[Halo: Envoy]]''
*''[[Halo: Legacy of Onyx]]''
*''[[Halo: Collateral Damage]]''
*''[[Halo: Fireteam Raven]]''
*''[[Halo: Silent Storm]]''
*''[[Halo: Official Spartan Field Manual]]''
*''[[Halo: Battle Born]]''
*''[[Halo: Renegades]]''
*''[[Halo: Outpost Discovery]]''
*''[[Halo: Oblivion]]''
*''[[Halo: Meridian Divide]]''
*''[[Halo: Shadows of Reach]]''
*''[[Halo Infinite]]''
*''[[Halo: The Television Series]]''
*''[[Halo: The Rubicon Protocol]]''
*''[[Halo: Vertical Umbrage]]''
*''[[Halo: Winter Contention]]''
*''[[Halo: Outcasts]]''
*''[[Halo: Sunrise on Sanghelios]]''
*''[[Halo: Saturn Devouring His Son]]''
*''[[Halo: Battle for the Blood-Moon]]''
{{col-end}}


==See Also==
==See also==
*[[Spartan Language]]
* [[Biological augmentation]]
*[[Spartan MIA Protocol]]
* [[Rumbledrug]]
*[[Oly Oly Oxen Free]]
* [[Prelate]]


*[[The ORION Project|Spartan-I program]]
==Notes==
*[[Spartan-III|Spartan-III program]]
{{Ref/Notes}}


==Sources==
==Sources==
<references />
{{Ref/Sources}}


[[Category:UNSC]]
{{SpartanPrograms}}
[[Category:UNSC Special Forces]]
[[Category:Spartans| ]]
[[Category:Spartans| ]]
[[Category:UNSC projects]]

Latest revision as of 11:53, June 15, 2024

This article is about the supersoldiers. For other uses, see Spartan (disambiguation).
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A symbol representative of all incarnations of Spartan programs.
“ They stand alone — undaunted — before the mightiest enemy in the universe. But these are no ordinary men. They are SPARTANS...[1] ”

Spartans or SPARTAN Programs are members of a series of United Nations Space Command projects designed to create physically, genetically, technologically, and mentally superior supersoldiers as special fighting units.[2] Although the word "SPARTAN" is written in all capital letters when used in reference to the programs in a formal context, it is not an acronym; the supersoldiers are known simply as "Spartans".

The first major effort to create augmented supersoldiers was the ORION Project, later retroactively dubbed "SPARTAN-I", which used operatives drafted from the UNSC. The subsequent programs, SPARTAN-II and SPARTAN-III, were highly successful, but also controversial because of their dubious ethics concerning the use children as candidates, particularly in the Spartan-II program where risk of injury or death in the augmentation procedures was relatively high. The latest installment, SPARTAN-IV, returned to the idea's roots by using consenting adult volunteers primarily drawn from the various special forces units of the UNSC. While formerly serving within the various conventional military branches of the UNSC (mainly the Navy), the Spartans were brought under a single organization with the formation of the military branch known as Spartan Operations to accommodate the growing number of Spartans in the fourth-generation program following the end of the Human-Covenant War.[3]

The Spartan supersoldiers have traditionally been supplied with state-of-the-art equipment and technology, the most iconic being the MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor first worn by the Spartan-IIs and later utilized to a great extent by the SPARTAN-IV supersoldiers.

Background

The basic concept for the SPARTAN programs has been around since the late 22nd century when the first bioengineering protocols were developed for the Interplanetary War.[4] Since the establishment of these protocols humans have been using performance-enhancing equipment and augmentations to make them stronger and faster than previously possible. Spartans have been deployed numerous times throughout human conflict, leading up to and during the Human-Covenant War. The notion of creating supersoldiers first arose as a plan to enhance normal human soldiers into powerfully augmented special operations commandos. Initially the three separate programs were humanity's various attempts to create the perfect soldiers, in order to patrol the colonies, protect civilian and government populations, crush uprisings in their infancy and ensure others don't rise up as a result.

The Spartan soldiers of the UNSC are named after the Spartans of Ancient Greece, specifically during the time of the Persian invasion led by Xerxes I. The wars between invading Persians and defending Greeks would be known as the Greco-Persian Wars, and lasted from 499-448 BCE. During this war, the Battle of Thermopylae occurred, in which 300 Spartan soldiers leading 5000 other Greeks under the command of Leonidas I, held back a significantly larger force of Persian soldiers. All of the Spartans were eventually killed, but they successfully killed 20,000 Persians (according to Herodotus), and bought the Greeks time to prepare a better defense for Greece. The Spartans' formidable resilience resulted from their rigorous training in the agoge, which started when they reached the age of 7.

History

Origin

The genesis of the SPARTAN programs occurred in 2321 with the activation of the ORION Project.[4] Launched by the Office of Naval Intelligence, the project was named after the Greek mythological hero Orion.[5] The aim of ORION was to build on bioengineering protocols established in 2164 and create stronger and better soldiers than any before them.

The initial beginnings of ORION were merely a test to see what could be accomplished with the advancements of that time, and candidates of the ORION project were all volunteers from the armed forces of the military - these handful of candidates went through numerous testing and augmentations throughout the duration of the project. However, the results were far less than expected and eventually the candidates were seeded into the regular chain of command after the project was declared ineffective and terminated.

The relaunch of ORION

ORION Project logo.
Main article: ORION Project

In 2491, the Colonial Military Authority relaunched ORION in secrecy, with the new goal of learning from the mistakes of the previous attempt, and creating a soldier unlike anything seen before - and to deploy these soldiers behind enemy lines and quell insurgencies in their infancy, or destroy established insurgencies by destroying their chain of command and expanding outward.

The project was headquartered in one of the many orbital docks on the fortress world Reach, and the candidates were, once again, selected volunteers from the UNSC Special Forces. This iteration of the project used more advanced indoctrination and biological augmentation techniques, and after a grueling series of physical and mental tests, the first batch of soldiers, 165 in total, successfully passed and moved on to the next phase. In 2496 the UNSC launched Operation: CHARLEMAGNE in response to colonial secessionists who executed a series of attacks on Eridanus II, which resulted in numerous deaths and the kidnappings of civilian and government officials in 2494. This marked the first operational deployment of the ORION soldiers, who scored a decisive victory and emerged from the battle with only a single casualty. The ORION soldiers were able to complete the mission without even being seen, thereby fueling a range of conspiracy theories and media speculation; this proved to be very helpful to ONI's propaganda efforts in the coming decades. Though the ORION soldiers were effective, their abilities fell short of the scientists' hopes, and they cost far too much to develop and field - in 2506 the project was deactivated and the soldiers were reassigned to various special operation units.[4]

SPARTAN-II

The SPARTAN-II unit patch, which would later serve as the inspiration for the Spartan branch insignia.
Main article: SPARTAN-II program

In the years following the deactivation of the ORION Project in 2506, the Insurrection became too large for the UNSC to manage with small Special Forces teams. As the Insurrectionist attacks were becoming more effective, and the military's responses heavier; the need for large scale military campaigns were becoming more and more necessary. The SPARTAN-II program was conceived by Dr. Catherine Halsey of ONI's Section 3, as the successor to the original ORION project and the best possible solution to end the conflict with the Insurrectionists.

Whereas the former Spartans were chemically-enhanced volunteers from the armed forces, the SPARTAN-IIs were young children, who were kidnapped, indoctrinated, and raised as soldiers from as young as six years old, being surgically, genetically, and cybernetically enhanced once they reached physical maturity. Although it was viewed as wildly unethical and filled with controversy, the secretive program produced results, and more importantly the Spartan-II soldiers proved to be the most effective soldiers ever fielded by a human armed force - and the most powerful weapon in the battle against the Insurrection. However, in 2525 the sudden breakout of the Human-Covenant War proved to be the most challenging and daunting war yet waged by humans, and the SPARTAN-IIs were outfitted with MJOLNIR, the most advanced mechanized armor in human history.

While the war with the Covenant continued to progress and the Insurrection was effectively cut off, the Spartan-IIs continued to engage Insurrectionist factions who remained strong enough to pose a genuine threat to the UNSC. The Spartan-IIs continued to perform their missions near-flawlessly, and ruthlessly killed off rebel leaders while engaging Covenant forces, doing whatever was necessary to protect the interests of the UNSC.

SPARTAN-III

Main article: SPARTAN-III program

As the Human-Covenant War progressed and casualties mounted exponentially, ONI activated another program that was arguably even more morally questionable than the SPARTAN-II program. Spearheaded by a prominent opponent to Halsey's SPARTAN-II program, Colonel James Ackerson, the SPARTAN-III program was established using the previous program as a proof of concept.

Designed to produce supersoldiers more quickly, at a lower cost, and with a lower life expectancy, the SPARTAN-III program was intended for extreme high risk operations conducted at the highest level of secrecy. The SPARTAN-III candidates were once again children; however, rather than actually stealing children from their beds, this time the "candidates" were recruited from orphanages after the loss of their homes and families from the Covenant invasion, given the opportunity to strike back at the Covenant. The S-III candidates were taken to the planet Onyx and were under the leadership of Spartan-II Lieutenant Commander Kurt Ambrose. Most of the Spartan-IIIs were equipped with Semi-Powered Infiltration armor, which is less advanced and cheaper to mass-produce than the MJOLNIR suits issued to the Spartan-IIs. Throughout the Human-Covenant War, three companies of Spartan-IIIs were trained and deployed, with exceedingly high casualty rates. The first company of S-IIIs, Alpha Company, was successful in destroying Covenant and rebel forces during the battles of Mamore, New Constantinople and in the Bonanza asteroid belt - their last mission Operation: PROMETHEUS in 2537 was deemed a success, even though all of the Spartans of Alpha Company were killed in action. The second company, Beta, was trained soon after the loss of Alpha. In 2545, the company participated in Operation: TORPEDO, which was also deemed a success; however, only two Spartans, Tom-B292 and Lucy-B091, survived out of the three hundred soldiers that took part in the operation. Tom and Lucy became trainers for the third company of S-IIIs, Gamma Company. Gamma Company completed their augmentation and most were deployed on missions elsewhere in late 2552, when the Shield World on Onyx was activated.[6] A fourth class, Delta Company, was slated to begin training around late 2552,[7] until the SPARTAN-III program was discontinued after the destruction of Onyx and the creation of the SPARTAN-IV program. After the war, the surviving Spartan-IIIs were offered the chance to integrate into the fledgling Spartan Operations.

Smaller, highly specialized units consisting of Spartan-IIIs also existed; these included the Headhunters and NOBLE Team. These units consisted of Spartans who were deemed particularly exceptional among their peers, removed from their mainline companies and given superior equipment and armor. Notably, the members of NOBLE Team received sets of MJOLNIR armor and had a Spartan-II as a permanent member.

SPARTAN-IV

The Spartan branch insignia, derived from that of the Spartan-IIs.
Main article: SPARTAN-IV program

Conceived by a SPARTAN-II "washout", Commander Musa-096, the SPARTAN-IV program was activated in early 2553. Like the original ORION Project, the SPARTAN-IV program uses only consenting adult volunteers, the augmentation of adults having been made possible by advancements in the technologies pioneered by the prior Spartan programs. Unlike the mainline SPARTAN-IIIs who were forced to use cheaper equipment due to budgetary constraints, all Spartan-IVs are equipped with MJOLNIR armor, now mass-produced by several private companies. The Spartan-IVs serve in a dedicated UNSC service branch known as Spartan Operations, whereas their forebears operated within other chains of command.[3] Unlike the other military branches, the Spartans lack a formal rank hierarchy altogether, instead employing a more malleable framework based on an individual Spartan's skills and specialization.[8]

List of Spartans[Note 1]

ORION Project augmented personnel ("Spartan-Is")

"Spartan 1.1s"[Note 3]

SPARTAN-IIs[Note 4]

SPARTAN-IIIs

SPARTAN-IVs

Halo: Fleet Battles

UNSC Pelican Boarding Craft (Spartans)

  • Flight slots: 0
  • Movement: 12"
  • Damage track: 6
  • Security detail: 5
  • Systems loadout:
    • Assault specialist (2)
    • Heroic save (Spartan)

Trivia

Gallery

List of appearances

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Four identified Spartans are currently unable to be confidently placed in a certain generation with a high degree of confidence. These three are SPARTAN NOLA, SPARTAN NV66, Yasmine Zaman, and Nicole-458. Nicole has been identified as a Spartan-II, but her number suggests she may in fact be a Spartan-III. Similarly, Yasmine's given date of conscription as a Spartan-II correlates with that of the launch of the Spartan-III program's Alpha Company: 2537.
  2. ^ There were 300 "Spartan-Is" at the height of the project. It is likely that John Forge's father (died c. 2541 in Chicago, URNA.) was counted among this number. It is also possible that Nolan Byrne (KIA November 17, 2552 in Voi, Kenya) was a Spartan-1 as well.
  3. ^ It is likely that Sergeant John Forge (died 2531) was a "Spartan 1.1".
  4. ^ Of the Spartans listed KIA on Reach on August 30, 2552, two were identified as "Beta Red Actual" and "Red-Fifteen". Another unidentified spartan perished on Reach: likely Joseph-122.
  5. ^ Keiichi may be KIA but only represented as MIA due to ONI Directive 930.

Sources

  1. ^ Halo: The Fall of Reach, description
  2. ^ Halo Waypoint: Spartans
  3. ^ a b Halo Waypoint: Story
  4. ^ a b c Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition), page 44-45
  5. ^ Dr. Halsey's personal journal, June 19, 2513
  6. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition), page 85
  7. ^ Halo: Ghosts of Onyx, page 121
  8. ^ Halo 4: The Essential Visual Guide, page 33

v • d • e
 
The SPARTAN programs and related topics
Training and protocol
Technology
Non-UNSC super soldiers
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