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{{Era|Forerunner|Covenant|Human|UNSC|HCW|Post|Lock}}
{{Status|Canon}}
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Wikipedia}}
{{Species infobox
{{Species infobox
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|classification=Mammal
|classification=Mammal
|subspecies=
|subspecies=
|diet=Omnivorious
|diet=Omnivorous
|height=152.4–182.9 cm (5–6 ft){{Ref/Reuse|wp hum}}
|height=152.4–182.9 cm (5–6 ft){{Ref/Reuse|wp hum}}
|weight=61.2–90.7 kg (135–200 lb){{Ref/Reuse|wp hum}}
|weight=61.2–90.7 kg (135–200 lb){{Ref/Reuse|wp hum}}
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'''Humans''', taxonomically referred to as '''''Homo sapiens''''' ([[Latin]] for "wise man") and known as '''ha''manune''''' (plural '''ha''manush''''') in the Forerunner era,<ref name="rebirth">''Halo: Silentium'', [[Rebirth|Rebirth Narrative]]</ref> are a [[sentience|sentient]] species native to [[Earth]]. A part of the [[Wikipedia:Primate|primate family]], they are the only extant species of a formerly diverse [[Wikipedia:Homo|genus]] of multiple species once classified as human. Members of the species, like some [[Covenant]] species, are four-limbed and bipedal, which enables them to walk upright on two legs and use their arms and hands (including opposable thumbs) to hold and manipulate objects such as tools.
'''Humans''', taxonomically referred to as '''''Homo sapiens''''' ([[Latin]] for "wise man") and known as '''ha''manune''''' (plural '''ha''manush''''') in the Forerunner era,<ref name="rebirth">''Halo: Silentium'', [[Rebirth|Rebirth Narrative]]</ref> are a [[sentience|sentient]] species native to [[Earth]]. A part of the [[Wikipedia:Primate|primate family]], they are the only extant species of a formerly diverse [[Wikipedia:Homo|genus]] of multiple species once classified as human. Members of the species, like some [[Covenant]] species, are four-limbed and bipedal, which enables them to walk upright on two legs and use their arms and hands (including opposable thumbs) to hold and manipulate objects such as tools.


Over [[107,445 BCE|110,000 years ago]], ancient humanity ('''archeohomina''') had achieved a [[Prehistoric human civilization|thriving interstellar civilization]] nearly on par with the [[Forerunner]]s, although their catastrophic defeat in the [[human-Forerunner wars]] would see them reduced to [[Erde-Tyrene civilization|a preindustrial state]] as hunter-gatherer tribes, forced to achieve technological sophistication again.<ref name="cryptum">''Halo: Cryptum'', Chapter ??</ref> Thanks to the efforts of the Forerunner known as the [[Librarian]], however, humans were later elevated to the role of [[Reclaimer]]s, intended to inherit the [[Mantle]] the Forerunners used to hold. Humanity would not begin to rise from the confines of their homeworld until nearly 100,000 years later, with the re-invention of space travel in the mid-20th century and the beginning of space colonization in the later half of the 21st century. Following a series of [[Interplanetary War|violent conflicts]] across the [[Sol system]], contemporary humanity at large was brought under a single banner with the establishment of the [[Unified Earth Government]] in [[2170]]. Over a century later, the invention of the [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]] heralded a new golden age for humanity: no longer confined to their home system, humans [[human colonies|spread across]] the neighboring stars.<ref name="xbox">[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm ''Xbox.com:'' Halo Storyline] (Defunct, Copy on [http://halo.bungie.org/misc/mstimeline2.html HBO Forums], [http://web.archive.org/web/20080424150226/www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Wayback Machine], and [[Archive:Xbox.com/Halo/Timeline|Halopedia]])</ref>
Over [[107,445 BCE|110,000 years ago]], ancient humanity ('''archeohomina''') had achieved a [[Prehistoric human civilization|thriving interstellar civilization]] nearly on par with the [[Forerunner]]s, although their catastrophic defeat in the [[human-Forerunner wars]] would see them reduced to [[Erde-Tyrene civilization|a preindustrial state]] as hunter-gatherer tribes, forced to achieve technological sophistication again.<ref name="cryptum">''Halo: Cryptum'', Chapter ??</ref> Thanks to the efforts of the Forerunner known as the [[Librarian]], however, humans were later elevated to the role of [[Reclaimer]]s, intended to inherit the [[Mantle]] the Forerunners used to hold. Humanity would not begin to rise from the confines of their homeworld until nearly 100,000 years later, with the re-invention of space travel in the mid-20th century and the beginning of space colonization in the latter half of the 21st century. Following a series of [[Interplanetary War|violent conflicts]] across the [[Sol system]], contemporary humanity at large was brought under a single banner with the establishment of the [[Unified Earth Government]] in [[2170]]. Over a century later, the invention of the [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]] heralded a new golden age for humanity: no longer confined to their home system, humans [[human colonies|spread across]] the neighbouring stars.<ref name="xbox">[http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm ''Xbox.com:'' Halo Storyline] (Defunct, Copy on [http://halo.bungie.org/misc/mstimeline2.html HBO Forums], [http://web.archive.org/web/20080424150226/www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/storyline.htm Wayback Machine], and [[Archive:Xbox.com/Halo/Timeline|Halopedia]])</ref>


At the end of the 25th century, this age of flourish was coming to an end, and the rising economic and political tensions across the colonies eventually culminated in a series of civil conflicts collectively known as the [[Insurrection]]. The war claimed millions of lives over the next three decades, but a far more dire threat loomed. In [[2525]], a theocratic alien hegemony known as the [[Covenant]] invaded the colony world of [[Harvest]], beginning the apocalyptic [[Human-Covenant War]].{{Ref/Reuse|xbox}} For nearly three decades, humanity, under the emergency military governance of the [[United Nations Space Command]], was pushed back by the relentless Covenant war machine, until the tide turned in [[2552]]. With humanity teetering on the brink of extinction, the discovery of a Forerunner artifact known as [[Installation 04|Halo]] set in motion a course of events which would lead to the [[Great Schism|fragmentation]] and eventual destruction of the Covenant.<ref name="halo3">'''Halo 3'''</ref>
At the end of the 25th century, this age of flourish was coming to an end, and the rising economic and political tensions across the colonies eventually culminated in a series of civil conflicts collectively known as the [[Insurrection]]. The war claimed millions of lives over the next three decades, but a far more dire threat loomed. In [[2525]], a theocratic alien hegemony known as the [[Covenant]] invaded the colony world of [[Harvest]], beginning the apocalyptic [[Human-Covenant War]].{{Ref/Reuse|xbox}} For nearly three decades, humanity, under the emergency military governance of the [[United Nations Space Command]], was pushed back by the relentless Covenant war machine, until the tide turned in [[2552]]. With humanity teetering on the brink of extinction, the discovery of a Forerunner artifact known as [[Installation 04|Halo]] set in motion a course of events which would lead to the [[Great Schism|fragmentation]] and eventual destruction of the Covenant.<ref name="halo3">'''Halo 3'''</ref>
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===Prehistory===
===Prehistory===
[[File:Earth.JPG|left|thumb|200px|Earth, [[planet|home planet]] for humanity.]]
[[File:Earth.JPG|left|thumb|200px|Earth, [[planet|home planet]] for humanity.]]
The origins of humanity lay in the ancient race of beings known as the [[Precursor]]s. Responsible for seeding the galaxy with life, the Precursors genetically engineered early humanity along with many other species in the galaxy, including [[Forerunner]]s, a would-be rival species to humanity.<ref>'''Halo: Primordium''', ''page 194''</ref> The Precursors intended humanity to inherit the [[Mantle]], their assumed role of guardianship for all life in the galaxy. The Forerunners refused to accept this decision and subsequently [[Forerunner-Precursor war|rebelled against]] the Precursors. After exterminating the Precursors to the point of extinction, the Forerunners claimed the Mantle for themselves, using it not only as the basis of their society but also as justification for securing their own dominance for millions of years.<ref name="silentium">'''Halo: Silentium'''</ref>
The origins of humanity lay in the ancient race of beings known as the [[Precursor]]s. Responsible for seeding the galaxy with life, the Precursors genetically engineered early humanity millions of years ago along with many other species in the galaxy, including [[Forerunner]]s, a would-be rival species to humanity.<ref>'''Halo: Primordium''', ''page 194''</ref> The Precursors achieved this by creating the two species from the same base stock, splitting a species they created apart so that they would evolve separately.{{Ref/Site|D=18|M=11|Y=2022|URL=https://www.halowaypoint.com/news/wintertime-wrap|Site=Halo Waypoint|Page=Wintertime Wrap}} The Precursors intended humanity to inherit the [[Mantle]], their assumed role of guardianship for all life in the galaxy and for countless generations prepared them for this role.{{Ref/Book|Id=Enc22P16|Enc22|Page=16}} The Forerunners refused to accept this decision and subsequently [[Forerunner-Precursor war|rebelled against]] the Precursors. After exterminating the Precursors to the point of extinction, the Forerunners claimed the Mantle for themselves, using it not only as the basis of their society but also as justification for securing their own dominance for millions of years.<ref name="silentium">'''Halo: Silentium'''</ref>


===Early civilization and Forerunner involvement===
===Early civilization and Forerunner involvement===
{{Main|Prehistoric human civilization|Erde-Tyrene civilization}}
{{Main|Prehistoric human civilization|Erde-Tyrene civilization}}
Humanity achieved an advanced state early in its history, well over [[1,100,000 BCE]],<ref>'''Halo: Silentium''', ''pages 67-68''</ref> when their earliest, long-forgotten cultures attained space travel and spread across many worlds. The latest of these early civilizations, having risen to power around [[150,000 BCE]] after a series of technological dark ages,<ref>'''Halo: Primordium''', ''page 237-238''</ref> eventually reached a level of technological sophistication close to that of the [[Forerunner]]s. Humans of this era were on average larger and superior to modern humans in many respects, including intelligence and physical strength.{{Ref/Reuse|wp hum}} Humanity resented Forerunner dominion over the galaxy, and as a result expanded their civilization outward along the [[Orion Arm]] and across the galactic margin, away from the Forerunners' sphere of influence. This civilization formed [[Human-San'Shyuum alliance|an alliance]] with the [[San'Shyuum]] and later [[Human-Flood war|warred against]] the nascent [[Flood]]. While humanity lost a third of their population, the Flood was eventually driven out of the galaxy. However, the conflict led to [[Human-Forerunner war|a war with the Forerunners]], a war which humanity lost. As punishment, the humans were stripped of their technology, nearly all evidence of their civilization was erased from the galaxy, and the scattered remnants of their species were exiled to their homeworld, genetically "devolved" to more primitive forms and reduced to a pre-technological state from which they would be forced to start again.{{Ref/Reuse|cryptum}}
Humanity achieved an advanced state early in its history, well over [[1,100,000 BCE]],<ref>'''Halo: Silentium''', ''pages 67-68''</ref> when their earliest, long-forgotten cultures attained space travel and spread across many worlds. The latest of these early civilizations, having risen to power around [[150,000 BCE]] after a series of technological dark ages,<ref>'''Halo: Primordium''', ''page 237-238''</ref> eventually reached a level of technological sophistication close to that of the [[Forerunner]]s. Humans of this era were on average larger and superior to modern humans in many respects, including intelligence and physical strength.{{Ref/Reuse|wp hum}} Humanity resented Forerunner dominion over the galaxy, and as a result expanded their civilization outward along the [[Orion Arm]] and across the galactic margin, away from the Forerunners' sphere of influence. This civilization formed [[Human-San'Shyuum alliance|an alliance]] with the [[San'Shyuum]] and later [[Human-Flood war|warred against]] the nascent [[Flood]]. While humanity lost a third of their population, the Flood was eventually driven out of the galaxy. However, the conflict led to [[Human-Forerunner war|a war with the Forerunners]], a war which humanity lost. As punishment, the humans were stripped of their technology, nearly all evidence of their civilization was erased from the galaxy, and the scattered remnants of their species were exiled to their homeworld, genetically "devolved" to more primitive forms and reduced to a pre-technological state from which they would be forced to start again.{{Ref/Reuse|cryptum}}
[[File:ObservingArtifact.png|250px|right|thumb|Ancient humans observing the construction of the [[Portal at Voi]].{{Ref/Reuse|hlegorigins}}]]
[[File:ObservingArtifact.png|250px|thumb|Ancient humans observing the construction of the [[Portal at Voi]].{{Ref/Reuse|hlegorigins}}]]
Humanity was one of many species indexed by the [[Librarian]] and preserved during the [[Conservation Measure]]. Viewing humanity as special, the Librarian imposed a ''[[geas]]'' upon the species, which has been said to have greatly affected their development; in particular preparing humans for their role as [[Reclaimer|successors]] to the Forerunners as stewards of the galaxy.<ref>''Halo: Primordium'', p. 375</ref> Although the bulk of the indexed human population - as well as many of the formerly diverse human species - were lost when the [[Ur-Didact]] used the [[Composer]] on the inhabitants of [[Omega Halo]], the Librarian and her successor, [[Chant-to-Green]], managed to save enough specimens to successfully revitalize ''Homo sapiens'' and several other species.{{Ref/Reuse|silentium}} Following the firing of the [[Halo Array]], the surviving humans were [[reintroduction|returned]] to Earth,{{Ref/Reuse|rebirth}} being the first species the Forerunners reintroduced.<ref>''[[Halo: Fractures]]'', "[[Promises to Keep]]", p. 84-85</ref>
Humanity was one of many species indexed by the [[Librarian]] and preserved during the [[Conservation Measure]]. Viewing humanity as special, the Librarian imposed a ''[[geas]]'' upon the species, which has been said to have greatly affected their development; in particular preparing humans for their role as [[Reclaimer|successors]] to the Forerunners as stewards of the galaxy.<ref>''Halo: Primordium'', p. 375</ref> Although the bulk of the indexed human population - as well as many of the formerly diverse human species - were lost when the [[Ur-Didact]] used the [[Composer]] on the inhabitants of [[Omega Halo]], the Librarian and her successor, [[Chant-to-Green]], managed to save enough specimens to successfully revitalize ''Homo sapiens'' and several other species.{{Ref/Reuse|silentium}} Following the firing of the [[Halo Array]], the surviving humans were [[reintroduction|returned]] to Earth,{{Ref/Reuse|rebirth}} being the first species the Forerunners reintroduced.<ref>''[[Halo: Fractures]]'', "[[Promises to Keep]]", p. 84-85</ref>


===Early post-Great Purification recovery===
===Early post-Great Purification recovery===
[[File:HellenicSpartans Origins2.png|thumb|200px|right|Early post-Great Purification human warriors.]]
[[File:HellenicSpartans Origins2.png|thumb|200px|Early post-Great Purification human warriors.]]
Circa [[97,445 BCE]], humans were returned to Earth and watched as the [[Portal at Voi]] was buried. [[N'chala]], one of the ancient humans, left an [[Out-of-place handprint]].<ref>''[[Halo 3: The Cradle of Life]]''</ref> Societies began developing from then on. One of the earliest known societies founded was around the 5th Millennium BCE, when [[Egypt]] was formed.<ref>''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]'', p. 296 (2011)</ref>  
Circa [[97,445 BCE]], humans were returned to Earth and watched as the [[Portal at Voi]] was buried. [[N'chala]], one of the ancient humans, left an [[Out-of-place handprint]].<ref>''[[Halo 3: The Cradle of Life]]''</ref> Societies began developing from then on. One of the earliest known societies founded was around the 5th Millennium BCE, when [[Egypt]] was formed.<ref>''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]'', p. 296 (2011)</ref>  


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===Formation of the UN and deepening ties===
===Formation of the UN and deepening ties===
[[File:HCEA Terminals AmericanAstronaut.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Early human steps on Luna.<ref>''[[Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary]]'', [[Terminal (Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary)/One|Terminal 1]]</ref>]]
[[File:HCEA Terminals AmericanAstronaut.jpg|thumb|200px|Early human steps on Luna.<ref>''[[Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary]]'', [[Terminal (Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary)/One|Terminal 1]]</ref>]]
In [[1945]], the [[United Nations]] was founded.<ref name="encyctimeline"/> 16 years later, Soviet cosmonaut [[Wikipedia:Yuri Gagarin|Yuri Gagarin]] would be the first human being to orbit the Earth.<ref>''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]'', Human Colonization of Space, p. 42</ref> Eight years after that, human beings would take their first steps on [[Luna]].{{Ref/Reuse|encyctimeline}} During the Cold War, the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile was first created.<ref>''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]'', p. 329</ref> During the [[Wikipedia:Vietnam War|Vietnam War]], war photography was used to sway public opinion.{{Ref/Reuse|jakecouragexbox}}  
In [[1945]], the [[United Nations]] was founded.<ref name="encyctimeline"/> 16 years later, Soviet cosmonaut [[Wikipedia:Yuri Gagarin|Yuri Gagarin]] would be the first human being to orbit the Earth.<ref>''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]'', Human Colonization of Space, p. 42</ref> Eight years after that, human beings would take their first steps on [[Luna]].{{Ref/Reuse|encyctimeline}} During the Cold War, the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile was first created.<ref>''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]'', p. 329</ref> During the [[Wikipedia:Vietnam War|Vietnam War]], war photography was used to sway public opinion.{{Ref/Reuse|jakecouragexbox}}  


During the 1970s, a small charismatic cult in [[North America]] was lost in the continent's tundras and left an elaborate cave dwelling as well as a unqiue language. This wouldn't be discovered until the 26th-century, at which point they were seen as a "lost tribe".<ref>''[[Halo: Evolutions]]'', [[Stomping on the Heels of a Fuss]]</ref> On [[1995|August 24, 1995]], Microsoft introduces the Windows 95 operating system.{{Ref/Reuse|ILBBAugust}} During humanity's early days of space exploration, they used rocket ships and [[Wikipedia:Space shuttle|space shuttles]].<ref name="hlegorigins">''[[Halo Legends]]'', [[Origins]]</ref>  
During the 1970s, a small charismatic cult in [[North America]] was lost in the continent's tundras and left an elaborate cave dwelling as well as a unique language. This wouldn't be discovered until the 26th-century, at which point they were seen as a "lost tribe".<ref>''[[Halo: Evolutions]]'', [[Stomping on the Heels of a Fuss]]</ref> On [[1995|August 24, 1995]], Microsoft introduces the Windows 95 operating system.{{Ref/Reuse|ILBBAugust}} During humanity's early days of space exploration, they used rocket ships and [[Wikipedia:Space shuttle|space shuttles]].<ref name="hlegorigins">''[[Halo Legends]]'', [[Origins]]</ref>  


Around the early 2000s, fringe theories on humanity's origins began to emerge. The [[Society of the Ancients]], believed that aliens had helped humanity construct technologies.<ref>[http://206.16.223.63/mission.html SOTA mission page]</ref> [[Jonas Volman|Dr. Jonas Volman]] wrote the book ''[[The Castaway Theory]]'', that supposedly brings light to issues in human evolution.<ref>''[[Iris]]''</ref> The early 21st-century also saw the first planetary confirmations of what would eventually become [[Reach]].<ref name="halo.bungie.net">[http://halo.bungie.net/projects/reach/article.aspx?ucc=intel&cid=24020 ''Bungie.net'': Halo: Reach Project Page]</ref> The 21st-century also saw the legal cases of ''Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward'' and ''[[Wikipedia:Citizens United v. FEC|Citizens United v. FEC]]''.<ref name="saintspg10">''[[Halo: Saint's Testimony]]'', p. 10</ref>{{Ref/Note|An actual case named [[Wikipedia:Dartmouth College v. Woodward|Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward]] took place in 1819. However, the case in ''[[Halo: Saint's Testimony]]'' was mentioned as a 21st and 22nd corporate law case. While it was likely intended to be the 1819 case, it will be listed and treated similarly to it's description in ''Saint's Testimony''}} In [[2021]], the [[International Society of Civil Engineers]] was formed.{{Ref/Map|[[Halo 3]]|[[Orbital]]}}
Around the early 2000s, fringe theories on humanity's origins began to emerge. The [[Society of the Ancients]], believed that aliens had helped humanity construct technologies.<ref>[http://206.16.223.63/mission.html SOTA mission page]</ref> [[Jonas Volman|Dr. Jonas Volman]] wrote the book ''[[The Castaway Theory]]'', that supposedly brings light to issues in human evolution.<ref>''[[Iris]]''</ref> The early 21st-century also saw the first planetary confirmations of what would eventually become [[Reach]].<ref name="halo.bungie.net">[http://halo.bungie.net/projects/reach/article.aspx?ucc=intel&cid=24020 ''Bungie.net'': Halo: Reach Project Page]</ref> The 21st-century also saw the legal cases of ''Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward'' and ''[[Wikipedia:Citizens United v. FEC|Citizens United v. FEC]]''.<ref name="saintspg10">''[[Halo: Saint's Testimony]]'', p. 10</ref>{{Ref/Note|An actual case named [[Wikipedia:Dartmouth College v. Woodward|Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward]] took place in 1819. However, the case in ''[[Halo: Saint's Testimony]]'' was mentioned as a 21st and 22nd corporate law case. While it was likely intended to be the 1819 case, it will be listed and treated similarly to it's description in ''Saint's Testimony''}} In [[2021]], the [[International Society of Civil Engineers]] was formed.{{Ref/Map|[[Halo 3]]|[[Orbital]]}}
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In [[2557]], the [[Promethean]] forces reemerged led by a surviving Forerunner known as the [[Ur-Didact|Didact]], who once commanded the Forerunner armies against prehistoric humanity in the Human-Forerunner War. Once awakened on [[Requiem]], the Didact allied with Jul 'Mdama's Covenant faction, whilst defying the Forerunners' decision to pass down their [[Mantle]] to humanity by continuing his previous campaign of [[composer|digital genocide]]. During the conflict, contact was also made with mankind's ancient benefactor, the [[Librarian]], who had archived her personality and memories to assist humanity to guide them in their ascension to the Mantle. The Didact attempted to [[New Phoenix Incident|digitize humanity]] with the [[Composer]], but was defeated at the last minute by [[John-117]] and his AI [[Cortana]],{{Ref/Reuse|halo4}} though seven million human lives were [[Mind transfer|composed]].<ref>'''Halo: Escalation''', ''[[Halo: Escalation Issue 7|Issue 7]] official summary''</ref>
In [[2557]], the [[Promethean]] forces reemerged led by a surviving Forerunner known as the [[Ur-Didact|Didact]], who once commanded the Forerunner armies against prehistoric humanity in the Human-Forerunner War. Once awakened on [[Requiem]], the Didact allied with Jul 'Mdama's Covenant faction, whilst defying the Forerunners' decision to pass down their [[Mantle]] to humanity by continuing his previous campaign of [[composer|digital genocide]]. During the conflict, contact was also made with mankind's ancient benefactor, the [[Librarian]], who had archived her personality and memories to assist humanity to guide them in their ascension to the Mantle. The Didact attempted to [[New Phoenix Incident|digitize humanity]] with the [[Composer]], but was defeated at the last minute by [[John-117]] and his AI [[Cortana]],{{Ref/Reuse|halo4}} though seven million human lives were [[Mind transfer|composed]].<ref>'''Halo: Escalation''', ''[[Halo: Escalation Issue 7|Issue 7]] official summary''</ref>


On October [[2558]], humanity experienced their first major setback since the end of the war. Earth and most human colonies were taken over by the [[Created]].<ref name="H5G">'''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]'''</ref> Crippled and weakened by the Created, humanity's fleeing [[UNSC]] lost the [[Battle for Installation 07]] against the [[Banished]], an alien mercenary organization that had recruited humans into their ranks.{{Ref/Novel|Id=DW5|HDW|Chapter=5|Page=87|Quote='Some of the Banished humans defected to the UNSC,' Arcas said.}}
On October [[2558]], humanity experienced their first major setback since the end of the war. Earth and most human colonies were taken over by the [[Created]].<ref name="H5G">'''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]'''</ref> Crippled and weakened by the Created, humanity's fleeing [[UNSC]] lost the [[Battle over Installation 07]] against the [[Banished]], an alien mercenary organization that had recruited humans into their ranks.{{Ref/Novel|Id=DW5|HDW|Chapter=5|Page=87|Quote='Some of the Banished humans defected to the UNSC,' Arcas said.}}
{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}


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===Forerunner connections===
===Forerunner connections===
{{Main|Reclaimer}}
{{Main|Reclaimer}}
Although the human and [[Forerunner]] genera exhibit a number of anatomical and physical similarities, they evolved independently on different worlds and are not genetically related. However, the Forerunners themselves were intrigued by the similarities between their own race and humanity. Because of their similarities, some Forerunner scholars theorized that humans were a kindred species, created by the [[Precursor]]s in their own image, just as the Forerunners believed themselves to be.{{Ref/Reuse|cryptum}}
Human and [[Forerunner]] genera exhibit a number of anatomical and physical similarities, despite having evolved independently on different worlds. These genetic similarities are due to the two species both originally being seeded by the Precursors from the same base stock.{{Ref/Book|Id=Enc22P310|Enc22|Page=310}} The Forerunners themselves were intrigued by the similarities between their own race and humanity. Because of their similarities, some Forerunner scholars theorized that humans were a kindred species, created by the Precursors in their own image, just as the Forerunners believed themselves to be.{{Ref/Reuse|cryptum}}


[[File:H3 Crows Nest Humans.jpg|250px|thumb|left|The [[Sangheili]] [[Arbiter]], [[Thel 'Vadam]], and a number of humans, including [[SPARTAN-II]] [[John-117]].]]
[[File:H3 Crows Nest Humans.jpg|250px|thumb|left|The [[Sangheili]] [[Arbiter]], [[Thel 'Vadam]], and a number of humans, including [[SPARTAN-II]] [[John-117]].]]
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|}
==Technology==
==Technology==
[[File:H5G-Governor Sloan.png|thumb|200px|right|A [[hologram]] of the AI [[Sloan]], under the ship ''[[Meridian 5-Alpha]]''.]]
[[File:H5G-Governor Sloan.png|thumb|200px|A [[hologram]] of the AI [[Sloan]], under the ship ''[[Meridian 5-Alpha]]''.]]
Prior to the [[human-Forerunner wars]], humanity had [[Prehistoric human civilization|achieved]] a remarkably advanced technological state, having developed interstellar travel, colonized thousands of worlds outside of their solar system,{{Ref/Novel|Halo: Primordium|Page=129}} and even having an understanding of [[Precursor]] technology. However, nearly all records and examples of this former technology were obliterated following their war with the Forerunners. Humanity managed to develop rudimentary technology such as steam power roughly nine thousand years after their defeat.{{Ref/Reuse|cryptum}} Unfortunately, this technological and cultural development proved to be in vain: during a phase after the [[Conservation Measure]]'s [[reintroduction]] stage, aptly termed as the [[dark time]],{{Ref/Reuse|bestiarum}} the species regressed back into hunter-gatherers for over 90,000 years until the development of the modern human civilizations first began.
Prior to the [[human-Forerunner wars]], humanity had [[Prehistoric human civilization|achieved]] a remarkably advanced technological state, having developed interstellar travel, colonized thousands of worlds outside of their solar system,{{Ref/Novel|Halo: Primordium|Page=129}} and even having an understanding of [[Precursor]] technology. However, nearly all records and examples of this former technology were obliterated following their war with the Forerunners. Humanity managed to develop rudimentary technology such as steam power roughly nine thousand years after their defeat.{{Ref/Reuse|cryptum}} Unfortunately, this technological and cultural development proved to be in vain: during a phase after the [[Conservation Measure]]'s [[reintroduction]] stage, aptly termed as the [[dark time]],{{Ref/Reuse|bestiarum}} the species regressed back into hunter-gatherers for over 90,000 years until the development of the modern human civilizations first began.


New technologies were experimented and explored with advanced knowledge of underlying principles as talented individuals were better organized and better supplied, allowing extremely accurate and fast improvements to be made with minimized trials and costs. Such methods of thought and organization are a hallmark of humanity which differs from the Covenant who, lacking proper researching methods, would simply copy and reverse-engineer technology from ancient Forerunner artifacts via the [[Huragok]], whilst generally having no understanding of the underlying concepts themselves. Thus it it was said that the Covenant are "imitative" while the humans are "innovative" as the war progressed.{{Ref/Novel|Halo: The Flood|Page=132}}
New technologies were experimented and explored with advanced knowledge of underlying principles as talented individuals were better organized and better supplied, allowing extremely accurate and fast improvements to be made with minimized trials and costs. Such methods of thought and organization are a hallmark of humanity which differs from the Covenant who, lacking proper researching methods, would simply copy and reverse-engineer technology from ancient Forerunner artifacts via the [[Huragok]], whilst generally having no understanding of the underlying concepts themselves. Thus it it was said that the Covenant are "imitative" while the humans are "innovative" as the war progressed.{{Ref/Novel|Halo: The Flood|Page=132}}


[[File:HINF Concept Tools.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Concept art of various human tools.]]
By the 26th century, human technology has not advanced equally for every concept previously explored. The most basic technologies (such as the ballistic weaponry and the wheel) have undergone few principal changes, the explanation for this being their proven reliability over centuries of use. The technology worked and so did not require heavy alteration or major changes. However, certain significant advancements have been made in other fields, such as [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]]s that allow ships to reach other star systems, as well as the creation of highly sophisticated [[Artificial intelligence|AI]]s that can serve to fulfill a versatile amount of roles. In addition, humans have also developed various forms of [[nanotechnology]] which allows many advances impossible with conventional engineering. Other common construction materials include [[polycrete]], [[permacrete]] and [[instacrete]].
By the 26th century, human technology has not advanced equally for every concept previously explored. The most basic technologies (such as the ballistic weaponry and the wheel) have undergone few principal changes, the explanation for this being their proven reliability over centuries of use. The technology worked and so did not require heavy alteration or major changes. However, certain significant advancements have been made in other fields, such as [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]]s that allow ships to reach other star systems, as well as the creation of highly sophisticated [[Artificial intelligence|AI]]s that can serve to fulfill a versatile amount of roles. In addition, humans have also developed various forms of [[nanotechnology]] which allows many advances impossible with conventional engineering. Other common construction materials include [[polycrete]], [[permacrete]] and [[instacrete]].


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===Medical advances and biotechnology===
===Medical advances and biotechnology===
[[File:BirthOfASpartan - Augmentation.png|thumb|right|250px|Medical augmentations of [[Carter-A259]] as part of [[Project CHRYSANTHEMUM]].]]
[[File:BirthOfASpartan - Augmentation.png|thumb|250px|Medical augmentations of [[Carter-A259]] as part of [[Project CHRYSANTHEMUM]].]]
Humanity has mastered a number of medical technologies, improving the quality of life in general but also providing many military applications. Among the most prominent is [[flash cloning]], which allows the re-growth of almost any body part and is often used to replace damaged or lost organs.<ref>''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe'', "The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole", page 461</ref> Lost limbs may also be replaced with advanced [[artificial limb|mechanical prosthetics]].{{Ref/Novel|Halo: Contact Harvest|Page=81}} Humans have been effectively immunized against some conventional diseases, including [[cancer]]. Though isolated cases of cancer still occur, they can be easily treated.<ref name="midlothian">''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe'',"[[Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian]]"</ref> Medical science has resolved most issues with eyesight, although some people choose to wear glasses for a variety of reasons, among them the ability to use them to project a [[heads-up display]].<ref>[https://blogs.halowaypoint.com/en-us/blogs/headlines/posts/the-halo-bulletin-4-16-14 '''Halo Waypoint''': ''The Halo Bulletin: 4.16.14'']</ref>
Humanity has mastered a number of medical technologies, improving the quality of life in general but also providing many military applications. Among the most prominent is [[flash cloning]], which allows the re-growth of almost any body part and is often used to replace damaged or lost organs.<ref>''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe'', "The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole", page 461</ref> Lost limbs may also be replaced with advanced [[artificial limb|mechanical prosthetics]].{{Ref/Novel|Halo: Contact Harvest|Page=81}} Humans have been effectively immunized against some conventional diseases, including [[cancer]]. Though isolated cases of cancer still occur, they can be easily treated.<ref name="midlothian">''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe'',"[[Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian]]"</ref> Medical science has resolved most issues with eyesight, although some people choose to wear glasses for a variety of reasons, among them the ability to use them to project a [[heads-up display]].<ref>[https://blogs.halowaypoint.com/en-us/blogs/headlines/posts/the-halo-bulletin-4-16-14 '''Halo Waypoint''': ''The Halo Bulletin: 4.16.14'']</ref>


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The use of [[sterile field generator]]s means that surgery is not only safer to perform, with a greatly reduced risk of infection, but is also able to be performed in the field. Even critical injuries can be treated with relatively limited facilities;<ref>'''Halo: First Strike''', ''page 140 (2003 edition)''</ref> with sufficiently sophisticated equipment such as that of the {{UNSCShip|Hopeful}}, the resuscitation of individuals traditionally considered dead is not unheard of.{{Ref/Novel|Halo: Ghosts of Onyx|Page=97}} Biological death can also be delayed by placing an individual into cryonic suspension until proper medical care can be provided.<ref>'''Halo: The Fall of Reach''', ''page 329 (2001 edition)''</ref> A number of synthetic compounds have been developed to allow more rapid recovery from injuries or to ease the treatment of patients in general; these include [[biofoam]], [[bone-knitting polymer]], and [[polymerized hemoglobin]].
The use of [[sterile field generator]]s means that surgery is not only safer to perform, with a greatly reduced risk of infection, but is also able to be performed in the field. Even critical injuries can be treated with relatively limited facilities;<ref>'''Halo: First Strike''', ''page 140 (2003 edition)''</ref> with sufficiently sophisticated equipment such as that of the {{UNSCShip|Hopeful}}, the resuscitation of individuals traditionally considered dead is not unheard of.{{Ref/Novel|Halo: Ghosts of Onyx|Page=97}} Biological death can also be delayed by placing an individual into cryonic suspension until proper medical care can be provided.<ref>'''Halo: The Fall of Reach''', ''page 329 (2001 edition)''</ref> A number of synthetic compounds have been developed to allow more rapid recovery from injuries or to ease the treatment of patients in general; these include [[biofoam]], [[bone-knitting polymer]], and [[polymerized hemoglobin]].


Humans have also adopted a variety of [[Human augmentation|bioengineering and augmentation]] technologies. Human enhancements saw military application in the [[Interplanetary War|first interplanetary conflicts]].<ref name="enc44">'''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]''', ''page 44''</ref> While human enhancement has been commonplace for centuries, more extensive augmentation or experimentation has been limited due to ethical concerns. An exception to this are the biochemical and cybernetic augmentations used in the [[SPARTAN programs]], which represent the peak of human medical technology in the field of biological enhancement. Human rebels also use "[[rumbledrug]]s", which degenerate the user's body but grant them superhuman abilities for a short time.{{Ref/Reuse|midlothian}}
Humans have also adopted a variety of [[Human augmentation|bioengineering and augmentation]] technologies. Human enhancements saw military application in the [[Interplanetary War|first interplanetary conflicts]].<ref name="enc44">'''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]''', ''page 44''</ref> While human enhancement has been commonplace for centuries, more extensive augmentation or experimentation has been limited due to ethical concerns. An exception to this are the biochemical and cybernetic augmentations used in the [[SPARTAN programs]], which represent the peak of human medical technology in the field of biological enhancement. Human rebels also use "[[Rumbledrug]]s", which degenerate the user's body but grant them superhuman abilities for a short time.{{Ref/Reuse|midlothian}}


UNSC personnel are equipped with [[neural interface|neural implants]], more sophisticated [[Command neural interface|models]] of which—typically issued to ship captains—enable a human mind to interface with computer systems and receive or send information. The [[neural marker]] is an interviewing device which can record an individual's thoughts and visualize them on a monitor.<ref>[[Halo 3: ODST Pre-mission Evaluation]]</ref> [[Cognitive Impression Modeling]] allows the translation of a human brain's neural framework into digital form for the purpose of creating AIs, although this is not true [[mind transfer]] in the manner of that employed by the Forerunners: the resulting intelligence is not a perfect copy of the person it was created from due to the chaotic process in which the AI is brought into being.{{Ref/Reuse|journal}}
UNSC personnel are equipped with [[neural interface|neural implants]], more sophisticated [[Command neural interface|models]] of which—typically issued to ship captains—enable a human mind to interface with computer systems and receive or send information. The [[neural marker]] is an interviewing device which can record an individual's thoughts and visualize them on a monitor.<ref>[[Halo 3: ODST Pre-mission Evaluation]]</ref> [[Cognitive Impression Modeling]] allows the translation of a human brain's neural framework into digital form for the purpose of creating AIs, although this is not true [[mind transfer]] in the manner of that employed by the Forerunners: the resulting intelligence is not a perfect copy of the person it was created from due to the chaotic process in which the AI is brought into being.{{Ref/Reuse|journal}}
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===Space-faring===
===Space-faring===
{{Main|Human starship}}
{{Main|Human starship}}
[[File:H2A Terminals - Camber holograph.jpg|250px|right|thumb|Different types of UNSC starships in orbit of [[Camber]].]]
[[File:H2A Terminals - Camber holograph.jpg|250px|thumb|Different types of UNSC starships in orbit of [[Camber]].]]
During the mid-20th century, humanity experimented with rocket technology using it to build satellites and visit and subsequently colonize the [[Luna|Moon]] and beyond in the latter half of the 21st century. With the advent of [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]]s allowing faster-than-light travel, the UNSC was able to expand well beyond the confines of the [[Sol system|Solar System]], colonizing hundreds of worlds. UNSC [[freighter]]s transport food and goods between colonies, while UNSC Navy warships protect trade routes from [[Piracy|pirates]] and defend colonies from enemy assault. [[Space elevator]]s are used on many worlds to provide orbital transport. Advanced [[terraforming]] and climate control techniques have been developed, making human habitation possible even in many formerly hostile environments.
During the mid-20th century, humanity experimented with rocket technology using it to build satellites and visit and subsequently colonize the [[Luna|Moon]] and beyond in the latter half of the 21st century. With the advent of [[Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine]]s allowing faster-than-light travel, the UNSC was able to expand well beyond the confines of the [[Sol system|Solar System]], colonizing hundreds of worlds. UNSC [[freighter]]s transport food and goods between colonies, while UNSC Navy warships protect trade routes from [[Piracy|pirates]] and defend colonies from enemy assault. [[Space elevator]]s are used on many worlds to provide orbital transport. Advanced [[terraforming]] and climate control techniques have been developed, making human habitation possible even in many formerly hostile environments.


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===Weapons===
===Weapons===
[[File:HaloArmsRace3.JPG|250px|thumb|right|Numerous [[M6 series]] pistols.]]
[[File:HaloArmsRace3.JPG|250px|thumb|Numerous [[M6 series]] pistols.]]
While still primarily based on projectiles and chemical reactions, human weapons are more advanced than the weapons of the 21st century. They come with a variety of electronic gadgets such as ammo readouts and are significantly more reliable, seldom malfunctioning. They are also generally immune to [[electromagnetic pulse]]s. Still, there have been many advanced developments, such as electromagnetic accelerator weapons. The most prominent of these is the [[Magnetic Accelerator Cannon]], used as the main armament on UNSC warships, and in smaller form in ground-based weapons. Another electromagnetic weapon system, known as the [[railgun]], is used to a lesser degree. There have been developments in [[Directed energy weapon|energy weapons]] such as the [[Spartan Laser]] and the [[XEV9-Matos Nonlinear Pulse Cannon|pulse lasers]] used on [[UNSC prowler]]s. Advances in technology allow the development of highly efficient explosive devices, including the [[Lancet micro-missile]]s, capable of decimating main battle tanks.{{Ref/Reuse|Halo page 16}}
While still primarily based on projectiles and chemical reactions, human weapons are more advanced than the weapons of the 21st century. They come with a variety of electronic gadgets such as ammo readouts and are significantly more reliable, seldom malfunctioning. They are also generally immune to [[electromagnetic pulse]]s. Still, there have been many advanced developments, such as electromagnetic accelerator weapons. The most prominent of these is the [[Magnetic Accelerator Cannon]], used as the main armament on UNSC warships, and in smaller form in ground-based weapons. Another electromagnetic weapon system, known as the [[Railgun (fiction)|railgun]], is used to a lesser degree. There have been developments in [[Directed energy weapon|energy weapons]] such as the [[Spartan Laser]] and the [[XEV9-Matos nonlinear pulse cannon|pulse lasers]] used on [[UNSC prowler]]s. Advances in technology allow the development of highly efficient explosive devices, including the [[Lancet micro-missile]]s, capable of decimating main battle tanks.{{Ref/Reuse|Halo page 16}}


One of the largest breakthroughs came in the mid-20th century where humans discovered that [[nuclear fission]] and [[Nuclear fusion|fusion]] can be used as a weapon to cause a large explosion. By the 26th century, there are several types of [[nuclear weapon]]s in the UNSC's arsenal, intended for both atmospheric and exoatmospheric use. Innovation in this area would also converge in the creation of humanity's most devastating weapon during the war effort, known as the [[NOVA bomb]].
One of the largest breakthroughs came in the mid-20th century where humans discovered that [[nuclear fission]] and [[Nuclear fusion|fusion]] can be used as a weapon to cause a large explosion. By the 26th century, there are several types of [[nuclear weapon]]s in the UNSC's arsenal, intended for both atmospheric and exoatmospheric use. Innovation in this area would also converge in the creation of humanity's most devastating weapon during the war effort, known as the [[NOVA bomb]].
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==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:H5G-Spoopyhumans.png|Human skeletons in ''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]'' [[Forge]]
File:H5G-Spoopyhumans.png|Human skeletons in ''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]'' [[Forge]].
File:HW2-Navydudes.png|Various humans in ''[[Halo Wars 2]]''.
File:HW2-Navydudes.png|Various humans in ''[[Halo Wars 2]]''.
File:Enc22 MakingCamp.jpg|Human Marines around a camp fire on Installation 07 in the ''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition)]]''.
</gallery>
</gallery>


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*''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach - The Animated Series]]''
*''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach - The Animated Series]]''
*''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]''
*''[[Halo 5: Guardians]]''
**''[[Halo 5: Guardians Limited Edition|Limited Edition]]''
**''[[Halo 5: Guardians Limited Edition dossiers|Limited Edition dossiers]]''
*''[[Halo: Shadow of Intent]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Halo: Shadow of Intent]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Know Your Enemy]]''
*''[[Know Your Enemy]]''
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*''[[Halo: Divine Wind]]''
*''[[Halo: Divine Wind]]''
*''[[Halo Infinite]]''
*''[[Halo Infinite]]''
*''[[Halo: The Television Series]]''
*''[[Halo: The Rubicon Protocol]]''
*''[[Halo: The Rubicon Protocol]]''
*''[[Halo: The Television Series]]''
*''[[Halo: Vertical Umbrage]]''
*''[[Halo: Winter Contention]]''
*''[[Halo: Outcasts]]''
*''[[Halo: Outcasts]]''
*''[[Halo: Sunrise on Sanghelios]]
*''[[Halo: Saturn Devouring His Son]]''
*''[[Halo: Battle for the Blood-Moon]]''
*''[[Halo: Trial of Reckoning]]
*''[[Halo: Hippocratica]]''
*''[[Halo: Fireside]]''
*''[[Halo: Epitaph]]''
*''[[Halo: Flashpoint]]''
{{Col-end}}
{{Col-end}}