This Sangheili to English dictionary serves as a guide to the Sangheili language that was crafted by Carl Buck and David J. Peterson for the Halo television show.
This page is intended as a compact guide for essential Sangheili and English vocabulary. Verbs are displayed only in their Bare, Reduplicative, and Bare Negative forms. To find a specific word, use your browser's find function, generally by pressing Ctrl-F.
Sangheili's co-creator, David J. Peterson, also provides transcripts and translations on his language wiki, as well as in a series of posts on Archive of Our Own, accessible here. Readers may also consult David Peterson's audio recordings here.
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Sangheili lexicon
Basic Nouns / Names
- Buulo Ch'awaat'u : High Charity
- Ch'aamosik'ojo : Oracle
- Ch'adomo : Spartan(s)
- Ch'ambuujo : Hierarch(s)
- Ch'anggagomo : Halo, the Ring
- Qkhado Ch'anggagomo : The Sacred Ring, The Holy Ring
- Ch'awaruutu : The Journey
- Oq'o Ch'awaruutu : The Great Journey
- Domo : Human(s)
- Gaik'inat'u : Prophet of Regret
- Ghashank'o : Demon, Master Chief
- Hirajo : Blessed One
- Juukhojo : Prophet(s)
- Khech'iijo : Reclaimer
- Kiigiyaara : Kig-Yar
- Maduriga: Madrigal
- Mak'ii : Makee
- Oq'ogakha : Keystone
- Q'aatu : Prophet of Truth
- Q'iitu : Prophet of Mercy
- Riich'e : Reach
- Sangheli : Sangheili
- Shak'o : The Path, the way
- Shandi : The Covenant, the alliance
- T'inguqkhuujo : The Arbiter
Arsenal:
- baghet'o : (n.) dagger, energy dagger
- baqkhat'a : (n.) armor
- ch'anghobuugha : (n.) rifle
- ch'anggono : (n.) shield
- et'o : (n.) sword, energy sword
- khobuugha : (n.) gun, firearm
- luk'a : (n.) spear
- qkhado k'iis : (n.) holy light, plasma grenade (type A)
- qkhado ruq'a : (n.) holy flame, plasma grenade (type B)
- Suban gakha khobuugha : (n.) needler (official name; often shortened to SuGaKho)
- tkhaq'a skhala : (n.) heavy hammer, gravity hammer
- uuri ch'anghobuugha : (n.) carbine
- yojo : (n.) needler (slang)
- zhuro : (n.) weapon
A:
- a : (v.d) to move
- a'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- aaya : do not move
- aamu : (n.) god, deity
- aamut'u : (n.) apotheosis, godliness
- aani : (v.s) to be flat
- nyanaani : (Reduplicative Form)
- aaniiya : not be flat
- aba : ❶ [indefinite singular pronoun] : anything, anyone, anybody — ❷ [indefinite singular pronoun] : something, someone, somebody
- ak'o : (v.s) to be real, to be actual
- ak'ogho : (Reduplicative Form)
- ak'oya : not be real
- akhe : (n.) hand
- asho : (v.s) to be blue, to be purple (something in that color range)
- ashozho : (Reduplicative Form)
- ashoya : not be blue
- atkha : [distal demonstrative singular pronoun] : that, that one
- atkhe : (v.s) to be clear, to be open (said of a window)
- aadatkhe : (Reduplicative Form)
- atkhiya : not be clear
- a : (v.d) to move
B:
- ba : [postposition] : out of, out from (elative) ; of (genitive)
- baan : (n.) spine
- baaq'u : (v.d) to make secure, to make safe, to secure
- baapaaq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- baaqweya : do not make safe
- baari : [indefinite plural pronoun] : any, some
- baas : ❶ [indefinite adverb] : in any manner, in any way, any way — ❷ [indefinite adverb] : in some manner, in some way, somehow
- baas : (n.) an animal native to Sanghelios that camouflages itself and lays in wait for prey, springing on them from the undergrowth
- baashi : (n.) ceremony, special event
- baashkhi : (num.) hundreds
- baaska : (n.) trap
- baat'u : (n.) safety
- baatkha : (v.d) to dig, to poke, to stir-up
- baabatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- baatkheya : do not dig
- baazhi : (post.) before, prior
- baazhi ni : (post.) before (assigns [ine.])
- babakha : (n.) hatchling (a young Sangheili who has just burst out of their egg)
- baghet'o : (n.) dagger, energy dagger
- baghiit'u : (n.) ignorance
- bajan : (pron.) each, every
- bak'on : (v.s) to be just
- bak'ogon : (Reduplicative Form)
- bak'oneya : not be just
- bak'ontu : (n.) justice, righteousness
- bakha : (v.d) to burst (out of), to break through
- baabakha : (Reduplicative Form)
- bagheya : do not break through
- bambit'a : (v.) to promise something to someone [all.], to hold in reserve or specially something for someone [all.] (derived from the verb: bit'a)
- bambiibit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- bambit'eya : do not promise something
- bambit'agha : (n.) promise
- banechkha : (v.d) to move apart, to get out of the way, to remove oneself (derived from the verb: echkha)
- banechkhaichkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- banechkheya : not get out of the way
- banggulo : (v.d) to lure, to tempt (derived from the verb: gulo)
- bangguugulo : (Reduplicative Form)
- bangguleya : do not lure
- banghaina : (v.d) to feel, to sense (derived from the verb: ghaina)
- banghanyena : (Reduplicative Form)
- banghaineya : do not sense
- bani : (post.) behind, at the back of, or towards the back of (assigns [ade.])
- bank'ina : (v.d) to defy, to execute maliciously, to treat disrespectfully, to willfully ignore (various meanings) (derived from the verb: k'ina)
- bank'iigina : (Reduplicative Form)
- bank'ineya : do not defy
- bank'utkho : (v.) to defend, to resist (derived from k'utkho, bank'utkho literally means "to fight with the back" and by metaph. extension, "to fight back")
- bantskha'a : (v.d) to do as a gesture, to do performatively, to do with an intent to be representative of some greater action (derived from the verb: tskha'a)
- bantskhatsa'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- bantskha'eya : do not do as a gesture
- banwarut'o : (v.d) to return, to go back, to turn back (derived from the verb: warut'o)
- banwaat'woto : (Reduplicative Form)
- banwarut'eya : do not go back
- bap'umo : (n.) source, origin, root
- baqkhat'a : (n.) armor; (v.d) ❶ to armor, to activate shielding (on s/t [ade.]) — ❷ to pretend, to feign (s/t or some emotion or feeling, use [abl.], e.g. to feign indifference, “indifference” would be in the ablative) (derived from the verb: qkhat'a)
- baqkhaghat'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- baqkhat'aya : do not armor, do not pretend
- Baro : (prop.n.) A male given name. Latinized as Var. — Baro Gat'anai
- bas : (v.s) to be slow
- baabas : (Reduplicative Form)
- baseya : not be slow
- bats'a : (v.s) ❶ to be tight, to be bound — ❷ to be safe, to be secure
- baabats'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- bats'eya : not be bound, not be secure
- bawa : (v.d) to eject an egg
- boghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- baweya : do not eject an egg
- baya'a : (n.) example, sample
- bekkha : (v.d) to breathe
- baabekkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- bekkheya : do not breathe
- bekkhajo : (n.) being, creature (anything living that breathes) (see also: p'ikhe)
- bit'a : (v.d) to bear, to carry, to hold
- biibit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- bit'eya : do not hold
- bit'agha : (n.) vessel, container, jar, box, etc. (various)
- bojo : (n.) mother, mom
- butkho : (v.d) to atone, to apologize, to make amends
- buubutkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- butkheya : do not atone
- buulo : (v.s) to be high, to be tall
- buubulo : (Reduplicative Form)
- buuleya : not be high
- Buulo Ch'awaat'u : (prop.n.) High Charity
C:
- ch'aamosik'o : (v.s) to understand well or perfectly (derived from the verb: mosik'o)
- ch'aamosiwik'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'aamosik'weya : not understand well
- ch'aamosik'ojo : (n.) ones who know well, Oracle
- ch'adomo : (n.) Spartan
- ch'adonu : (v.d) to notice, to pay attention to, to be aware of (derived from the verb: donu)
- ch'adaadonu : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'adonuuya : do not notice
- ch'adzuma : (v.) to be dangerous, to be harmful (derived from the verb: dzuma)
- ch'ahasmo : (n.) galaxy (lit. great-sun-region)
- ch'ajin : (v.d) to be interested in, to be curious, to be inquisitive (about s/t use [ill.]) (derived from the verb: ch'in)
- ch'ajinjin : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'ajineya : do not be interested in
- ch'akhawa : (v.d) to compliment, to flatter (derived from the verb: khawa)
- ch'akhoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'akhaweya : do not compliment
- ch'amaaro : (v.d) to search by looking at, to look at, to look through (derived from the verb: maaro)
- ch'amaamaro : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'amaaroya : do not look
- ch'ambuujo : (n.) hierarch, high prophet
- ch'anaani : (n.) ❶ plateau — ❷ pillar (metaphorical sense: pillar of one's community)
- ch'anatkha : (v.s) to read (derived from the verb: hatkha)
- ch'anaatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'anatkheya : not read
- ch'anggaaya : over-valuable
- ch'anggagomo : (n.) Halo, great ring
- ch'anggona : (v.) to tutor, to mentor (derived from the verb: q'ona)
- ch'anggono : (n.) shield
- ch'anghobuugha : (n.) rifle
- uuri ch'anghobuugha : (n.) carbine
- ch'anghutkho : (n.) battle, skirmish
- ch'angongo : (n.) chamber, room
- ch'anik'o : (v.d) to see
- ch'aniwik'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'anik'weya : do not see
- ch'anitskha : (v.s) to be interested, be intrigued
- ch'anii'itskha : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'anitskheya : not be intrigued
- ch'anjiiq'o : (n.) era, eon
- ch'annuumo : (n.) building, edifice, structure
- ch'ano : (n.) head
- ch'anopkho : (v.d) to supplicate oneself, to redeem oneself (derived from the verb: opkho)
- ch'ampaapkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'anopkhoya : do not redeem
- ch'anopkhuutu : (n.) atonement, redemption
- ch'anoq'o : (v.) to have great nobility, to have esteem (derived from the verb: oq'o)
- ch'anqi : (n.) extinction
- ch'anqkhat'a : (n.) roof, ceiling
- ch'anzap'atu : (n.) great victory
- ch'apkhaat'u : (n.) grace, charisma, elegance
- ch'apkhama : (v.s) to have a magnetic personality, to draw in, to have the ability to engender loyalty in others, to be popular, to be well-regarded, to be respected (derived from the verb: pkhama)
- ch'apkhambama : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'apkhameya : not be popular
- ch'apkhungo : (v.d) to be satisfied, to be pleased, to be happy (with s/t tangible [ela.]; with s/t intangible [ade.]) (derived from the verb: pkhungo)
- ch'apkhubungo : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'apkhunguya : do not feel satisfied
- ch'aqkhosa : (v.d) to move forward, to push ahead (derived from the verb: qkhosa)
- ch'aqkhoghosa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'aqkhoseya : do not move forward
- ch'atkho : (n.) ocean, sea
- ch'awaat'u : (n.) charity
- ch'awaqkho : (v.d) to give for the intended benefit of the recipient, to give without asking, to give charity (derived from the verb: waqkho)
- ch'awaawoqkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'awaqkheya : do not give charity
- ch'awaruut'u : (n.) great journey
- ch'i : (num.) three
- ch'imo : (v.d) to take, to get, to fetch, to collect (the -o on the end is irregular)
- ch'iichimo : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'imeya : do not get
- ch'in : (v.d) to prick, to pierce, to stab, to seize (to take s/t suddenly in the metaphorical sense)
- ch'injin : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'ineya : do not stab
- ch'intu : (n.) wound
- bach'intu : (n.) scratch, little wound
- ch'ishan : (num.) eleven
- ch'ulo : (v.d) to be awoken, to awaken, to wake, to wake up (with [erg.] argument = to wake s/o up)
- ch'uuchulo : (Reduplicative Form)
- ch'uleya : do not wake
- chkha'a : (v.d) to hunt
- chkhaaja'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- chkha'eya : do not hunt
- Chkhaa pkha! : (idiomatic, vulgar) expresses contempt : "Fuck you!"
- chkhaacho : (n.) deceiver, liar, ones who lie
- chkhakha : (v.d) to deceive (s/o), to lie to (s/o)
- chkhaajakha : (Reduplicative Form)
- chkhakheya : do not deceive
- chkhan : (pron.) all, everything
- chkhan ba : all by
- chkhan ni : over all
- chkhugi : (v.d) to stand up, to raise oneself
- chkhujugi : (Reduplicative Form)
- chkhugiiya : do not stand up
- chkhugimo : (n.) altar
- chkhuto : (v.s) to be born, be birthed
- chkhujuto : (Reduplicative Form)
- chkhuteya : not be born
- chkhuung : (part.) thus, so (that), such (that)
- cho : (n.) vertical plane, z-axis (XZ plane)
- ch'aamosik'o : (v.s) to understand well or perfectly (derived from the verb: mosik'o)
D:
- daagha : (v.s) to be worried, to be concerned (with/about), to be anxious, to worry
- daadagha : (Reduplicative Form)
- daaghaya : not worry
- de : (part.) happily, gladly
- den : (v.s) to be warm
- daaden : (Reduplicative Form)
- deneya : not be warm
- diibe : (n.) area, place, space (smaller than maghu)
- docho : (adv.) up
- dokkha : (v.s) to be kind, to be gentle, to be gracious, to be cordial
- dodokkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- dokkhaya : not be kind
- dokkhat'u : (n.) kindness, gentleness
- domo : (n.) human
- donu : (v.d) to rotate (about an axis), to revolve, to turn, to move in a circle
- daadonu : (Reduplicative Form)
- donuuya : do not rotate
- doq'ukhya : (adv.) right
- duje : (v.d) to shed, to molt
- duuzuje : (Reduplicative Form)
- dujiya : do not shed
- dunga : (n.) world, planet
- dzana : (v.s) to be female, be a woman
- dzaazana : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzaneya : not be female
- dzima : (v.s) to be brave, to be forthright
- dziizima : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzimeya : not be brave
- dzon : (num.) seven
- dzonshan : (num.) fifteen
- dzuch'imo : (v.d) to steal, to take via theft (derived from the verb: ch'imo)
- dzuch'iichimo : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzuch'imeya : do not steal
- dzuk'utkho : (v.) to battle (derived from the verb: k'utkho)
- dzukhuno : (v.d) to control, to dominate (derived from the verb: khuno)
- dzukhunghuno : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzukhuneya : do not control
- dzukhunt'u : (n.) dominance, control
- dzumbit'a : (v.d) to wield (e.g a weapon) (derived from the verb: bit'a)
- dzumbiibit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzumbit'eya : do not to wield
- dzuma : (v.s) to be sharp
- dzuzuma : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzumeya : not be sharp
- dzumino : (v.d) to pull violently (derived from the verb: ino)
- dzumii'ino : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzumingweya : do not pull violently
- dzunema : (v.d) to conquer, to subjugate (derived from the verb: ema)
- dzunaamema : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzunemeya : do not conquer
- dzuqkhige : (v.s) to injure using a bladed instrument or weapon, specifically (used as a kind of intensive, to indicate serious, intentional damage) (derived from the verb: qkhige)
- dzuqkhiighije : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzuqkhigiya : not seriously injure
- dzuqkhosa : (v.d) to commit treason, to commit treachery, to be treasonous, to betray, to turn against (derived from the verb: qkhosa)
- dzuqkhoghosa : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzuqkhoseya : do not betray
- dzuqkhost'u : (n.) treachery, betrayal
- dzuro : (n.) situation, status, circumstance, condition
- dzushkhop'o : (v.d) to aim (with a weapon), to target (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
- dzushkhop'obo : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzushkhop'eya : do not aim
- dzushkhoomo : (n.) target
- dzusiit'a : (v.d) to threaten (derived from the verb: siit'a)
- dzusiizit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- dzusiit'aya : do not threaten
- dzuutu : (n.) danger, peril
- daagha : (v.s) to be worried, to be concerned (with/about), to be anxious, to worry
E:
- echkha : (v.d) to clear (away), to open, to empty, to dispel
- echkhaichkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- echkheya : do not clear
- ema : (v.d) ❶ to mount, to get onto — ❷ to have to, must (strong obligation)
- aamema : (Reduplicative Form)
- emeya : do not mount
- et'o : (n.) blade, sword, energy sword
- Et'o zwari : (expr.) welcome, greetings (lit. "Lower swords" or "Lower the blade")
- et'ojo : (n.) swordsman, swordswoman
- eya : (expr.) no, not so (negation if added at end of a verb)
- eyo : (n.) bird
- echkha : (v.d) to clear (away), to open, to empty, to dispel
G:
- ga : [postposition] : from, away from (ablative) ; of (genitive)
- gadi : (n.) lower mandible
- gaibaat'u : (n.) fortune, fate, chance
- gaibakha : (v.d) to happen, to occur (by chance/with uncertainty) (derived from the verb: bakha)
- gaibaabakha : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaibagheya : do not happen
- gaibit'a : (v.d) to bear, to carry, to hold temporarily, and perhaps insecurely (derived from the verb: bit'a)
- gaibiibit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaibit'eya : do not hold temporarily
- gaich'in : (v.d) to bother, to trouble, to disturb (derived from the verb: ch'in)
- gaich'injin : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaich'ineya : do not bother
- gaiduje : (v.d) to do poorly, to do badly, to sully (derived from the verb: duje)
- gaiduuzuje : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaidujiya : do not sully
- gaighap'awa : (v.d) to offend, to give offence to, to insult (especially accidentally) (derived from the verb: ghap'awa)
- gaighap'aabawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaighap'aweya : do not offend
- gaijaat'u : (n.) malfunction
- gaijak'a : (v.d) to malfunction, to function poorly, to function unexpectedly (derived from the verb: jak'a)
- gaijiizhak'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaijak'eya : do not malfunction
- gaijaya : (v.d) to draw closer, to come closer, to be getting closer (derived from the verb: jaya)
- gaijejaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaijayeya : do not come closer
- gaik'ina : (v.d) to regret, to feel remorse (the ergative argument feels remorse) (derived from the verb: k'ina)
- gaik'iigina : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaik'ineya : do not regret
- gaik'inat'u : (n.) regret, remorse
- gaikhawa : (v.d) to predict, to guess (derived from the verb: khawa)
- gaikhoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaikhaweya : do not predict
- gaikkhaajo : (n.) believer, ones who believe
- gaikkhat'a : (v.d) to believe, to anticipate (derived from the verb: kkhat'a)
- gaikkhaakat'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaikkhajeya : do not believe
- gaikkhosa : (v.d) to hasten, to run, to rush, to gallop (derived from the verb: kkhosa)
- gaikkhosko : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaikkhosheya : do not rush
- gaimaaro : (v.d) to hope, to aspire toward (derived from the verb: maaro)
- gaimaamaro : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaimaaroya : do not hope
- gaipkhungo : (v.d) to feel uneasy, to have nightmares, to worry (derived from the verb: pkhungo)
- gaipkhubungo : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaipkhunguya : do not feel uneasy
- gaiqkhat'a : (v.d) to shelter (oneself), to take cover, to hide for protection (derived from the verb: qkhat'a)
- gaiqkhat'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaiqkhat'aya : do not take cover
- gairaskha : (v.s) to be problematic, to have problems, for something to be up with something else (derived from the verb: raskha)
- gairaaraskha : (Reduplicative Form)
- gairaskheya : not be problematic
- gaiwarut'o : (v.d) to become lost, to be lost, to lose one's way (derived from the verb: warut'o)
- gaiwaat'woto : (Reduplicative Form)
- gaiwarut'eya : do not become lost
- gakha : (n.) rock, stone
- gawaacho : (n.) ones who make sacrifices or present offerings, priest
- gawaaka : (n.) sacrifice, offering
- gawaqkho : (v.d) to sacrifice (derived from the verb: waqkho)
- gawaawoqkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- gawaqkheya : do not sacrifice
- gazhumaaka : (n.) alert
- gazhumaasa : (v.s) to warn, to alert (derived from the verb: maasa)
- gazhumaamasa : (Reduplicative Form)
- gazhumaaseya : not warn
- gha : (q.) which, what
- ghaaba : (v.d) to rot, to decay
- ghaagaba : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghaabeya : do not decay
- ghaadi : (q.) where, "what place"
- ghaamos : (q.) why, how come, "what reason"
- ghaakhe : (q.) how many, how much, "what hand (of)"
- ghaasha : (q.) how, "what path"
- ghaazhi : (q.) when; (sc.) because
- ghabaat'u : (n.) shame
- ghabas : (v.s) to be late (derived from the verb: bas)
- ghabaabas : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghabaseya : not be late
- ghachkha'a : (v.d) to track, to follow (on foot or metaphorically) (derived from the verb: chkha'a)
- ghachkhaachka'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghachkha'eya : do not track
- ghaijo : (q.) who, "what individual"
- ghaina : (v.d) to hear, to listen
- ghanyena : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghaineya : do not listen
- ghajaya : (v.d) to come, to arrive (with emphasis on appearing in person) (derived from the verb: jaya)
- ghajejaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghajayeya : do not arrive
- ghakhawa : (v.d) to blaspheme, to speak in an unholy manner, to curse (derived from the verb: khawa)
- ghakhoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghakhaweya : do not blaspheme
- ghakhot'u : (n.) blasphemy
- ghamaazi : (v.d) to envy, to covet (derived from the verb: maazi)
- ghamaamazi : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghamaazeya : do not envy
- ghamaaziit'u : (n.) envy, jealousy
- ghap'awa : (v.d) to step on, to tread, to stamp (out) (derived from the verb: p'awa)
- ghap'aabawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghap'aweya : do not step on
- ghap'awagha : (n.) step, pace
- ghap'uuka : (v.d) to send for, to ask for (early on via messenger) (derived from the verb: p'uuka)
- ghap'uubuko : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghap'uukeya : do not send for
- ghaq'aaga : (n.) map, chart
- ghaq'ora : (v.d) to map, to map out (derived from the verb: q'ora)
- ghaq'ogora : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghaq'oreya : do not map
- ghashango : (v.s) to join, to go with, to accompany (derived from the verb: shango)
- ghasiishango : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghashangoya : not join
- ghashank'o : (n.) demon (name of an ancient predator)
- baghashank'o : (n.) little demon, imp
- ghat'iiwa : (v.d) to hesitate, to waver, to dither (derived from the verb: t'iiwa)
- ghat'iidiwa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghat'iiweya : do not hesitate
- ghatkhoma : (v.d) to crush with the foot (derived from the verb: tkhoma)
- ghatkhaadoma : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghatkhomeya : do not crush with the foot
- ghats'aha : (v.s) to remain, to still be at (derived from the verb: ts'aha)
- ghats'aatsaha : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghats'aheya : not remain
- ghats'aatu : (n.) remainder, rest
- ghi : (n.) y-axis (YZ plane)
- ghize : (v.s) to grow, to mature
- ghiigize : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghiziya : not grow
- ghu : (num.) six
- ghu : [postposition] : O (vocative) (Occurs with the addressed or called-out elements.)
- ghunu : (v.d) to eliminate, to destroy (used less frequently due to the severity of the destruction) (See also: ruubakha)
- ghuugunu : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghuneya : do not destroy
- ghushan : (num.) fourteen
- ghuuri : (v.s) to be many, to be numerous, to be much
- ghwiri : (Reduplicative Form)
- ghuuriya : not be many
- ghuurit'u : (n.) a lot, much, a lot of things, a lot of stuff
- goja : (n.) summit, apex, top
- gongo : (n.) cave, pit
- gulo : (v.d) to lead, to guide, to command; (v.s) to be first (ordinal)
- guugulo : (Reduplicative Form)
- guleya : do not lead
- guro : (v.s) to wish for, to want, to desire for (with [abl.])
- guughuro : (Reduplicative Form)
- gureya : not want
- guujo : (n.) leader, commander, master, ones who lead
- gwigha : (n.) command, directive, order
- gwis : (adv.) first, first time
H:
- haala : (v.s) to be strong
- hayala : (Reduplicative Form)
- haaleya : not be strong
- haanga : (n.) kind, person, people (particularly a being of Sangheili physiology)
- haat'u : (n.) ability
- haazhi : once, as soon as
- hai : (part.) to be able to, can, be capable (sentence-final particle preceded by full verb)
- hait'u : (n.) strength, power, ability
- Hait'u ga k'utkho : salutation ("hello" or "goodbye") : "Fight with strength", "Fight well"
- has : (n.) sun
- hatkha : (v.s) to evaluate (e.g. a threat), to size up, to assess
- haatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- hatkheya : not evaluate
- hira : (v.s) to bless, to praise, to exult
- hiihira : (Reduplicative Form)
- hiraya : not bless
- hirat'u : (n.) blessing, praising
- hirajo : (n.) ones who are blessed
- hodu : (v.s) to wait (for), to pause
- haaghodu : (Reduplicative Form)
- hoduuya : not wait
- huumo : (v.s) to radiate, to give off, to exude
- huumumo : (Reduplicative Form)
- huumeya : not radiate
- hunt'u : (n.) radiation, radiance
- haala : (v.s) to be strong
I:
- ii : [negative demonstrative determiner] : (adj.) no, not (pre-nominal negation)
- iik'u : (v.s) to know, to be aware (of/about s/t [ela.])
- iihik'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- iik'uya : not know
- iit'u : (n.) information, knowledge
- ik'o : (n.) eye
- ikhi : (adv.) now, at present, at the moment
- ikhi baazhi : (adv.) before now, previously
- ikhi eya : (adv.) not now, not yet
- ikhi ga : (adv.) right now, right away
- ikhi jaya : come now, come quickly
- ine : [proximal demonstrative singular pronoun] : (pron.) this, this one
- ine ba : (expr./sc.) therefore, thus, and so
- ino : (v.d) to pull
- ii'ino : (Reduplicative Form)
- ingweya : do not pull
- itskha : (v.d) to hit, to strike, to bash
- ii'itskha : (Reduplicative Form)
- itskheya : do not strike
J:
- jaari : [first-person plural pronoun] : we, us (exclusive of you)
- jaja : (expr.) maybe, perhaps; (cc.) or (inclusive, e.g. "I need someone who speaks German or French; either will do"; contrasts with k'o)
- jak'a : (v.d) to function, to work, to run
- jiizhak'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- jak'eya : do not work
- jan : [first-person singular pronoun] : I, me
- jaya : (v.d) to come, to arrive, to come round
- jejaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- jayeya : do not arrive
- jiha : (n.) moon, month
- ju : (num.) one
- juq'u : (v.d) to unite, to join together (specifically to join s/t [abs.] to s/t else [ade.])
- jijuq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- juq'weya : do not join together
- jushan : (num.) nine
- juubaat'u : (n.) destiny
- juubats'a : (v.s) to be assured, to be certain (derived from the verb: bats'a)
- juubaapats'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- juubats'eya : not be assured
- juubit'a : (v.d) to secure, to have secure, to hold in a secure place, to have with certainty (derived from the verb: bit'a)
- juubiibit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- juubit'eya : do not secure
- juuch'in : (v.) to accept (in a broad sense), to take in (receive) (derived from the verb: ch'in)
- juuch'imo : (v.d) to appreciate, to accept, to acknowledge (positive connotation), to be grateful (derived from the verb: ch'imo)
- juuch'iichimo : (Reduplicative Form)
- juuch'imeya : do not accept
- juuchkhugi : (v.d) to reaffirm oneself, to vindicate oneself (derived from the verb: chkhugi)
- juuchkhujugi : (Reduplicative Form)
- juuchkhugiiya : do not vindicate
- juudonu : (v.d) to flank, to attack the flank(s) of (derived from the verb: donu)
- juudaadonu : (Reduplicative Form)
- juudonuuya : do not flank
- juudzima : (v.s) to be self-assured, to be convinced of one’s rightness (derived from the verb: dzima)
- juudziizima : (Reduplicative Form)
- juudzimeya : not be self-assured
- juukhawa : (v.d) to claim, to predict with certainty, to foretell (derived from the verb: khawa)
- juukhoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- juukhaweya : do not claim
- juukhojo : (n.) ones who foretell, prophet, prophetess
- juukhot'u : (n.) prophecy
- juuluuda : (v.d) to accomplish, to achieve, to do in triumph (derived from the verb: luuda)
- juuluuluda : (Reduplicative Form)
- juuluudeya : do not accomplish
- juuluumo : (n.) achievement, accomplishment
- juumatkha : (v.d) to kill with certainty, definitively, decisively (derived from the verb: matkha)
- juumaamatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- juumatkhaya : do not kill with certainty
- juun : (n.) upper mandible
- juunduje : (v.d) to make look good, to make s/t look good, to do s/t impressively, to do well (derived from the verb: duje)
- juunduuzuje : (Reduplicative Form)
- juundujiya : do not do well
- juunik'o : (v.s) to foresee
- juuniwik'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- juunik'weya : not foresee
- juunik'otu : (n.) sight, seeing
- juupkhungo : (v.d) to feel solace, to be comforted (derived from the verb: pkhungo)
- juupkhubungo : (Reduplicative Form)
- juupkhunguya : do not feel solace
- juuqkhosa : (v.d) to be consistent (derived from the verb: qkhosa)
- juuqkhoghosa : (Reduplicative Form)
- juuqkhoseya : do not be consistent
- juusatkha : (v.s) to be absolutely certain (derived from the verb: satkha)
- juusasatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- juusatkheya : not be sure
- juushkhop'o : (v.d) to be certain about, to be specific about, to specify (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
- juushkhop'obo : (Reduplicative Form)
- juushkhop'eya : do not specify
- juusiit'a : (v.d) to summon, to call toward, to encourage to come (derived from the verb: siit'a)
- juusiizit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- juusiit'aya : do not summon
- juutkhola : (v.s) ❶ to be enough, to be sufficient, to suffice — ❷ to be worthy, to have earned, to deserve (of s/t use [all.]) (derived from the verb: tkhola)
- juutkhaadola : (Reduplicative Form)
- juutkholeya : not be enough, not be worthy
- juutkhoma : (v.d) to crush, to defeat (in the sense of defeat an opponent) (derived from the verb: tkhoma)
- juutkhaadoma : (Reduplicative Form)
- juutkhomeya : do not defeat
- juutkhaat'u : (n.) defeat
- juut'iya : (v.s) to survive, to thrive (derived from the verb: t'iya)
- juut'iidiya : (Reduplicative Form)
- juut'ijeya : not survive
K:
- k'aacho : (v.s) to be effective, to be useful, to be serviceable, to be valid
- k'aagach'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- k'aachoya : not be useful
- k'aachot'u : (n.) usefulness, effectiveness, effectively
- k'aaje : (n.) shame, disgrace; (v.s) to shame, to disgrace
- k'aagaje : (Reduplicative Form)
- k'ajiya : not shame
- k'aidon : (n.) kaidon
- k'apo : (v.d) to leave
- k'aagap'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- k'apeya : do not leave
- k'e : [second-person singular pronoun] : you
- K'elo : (prop.n.) A male given name. Latinized as Kel. — K'elo Daasamu
- k'ena : (v.d) to choose, to select, to pick out (s/t [abs.] from s/t else [ela.])
- k'enggena : (Reduplicative Form)
- k'eneya : do not choose
- k'enjo : (n.) chosen one, ones who are chosen
- k'ijise : (v.d) to sparkle, to shimmer, to twinkle
- k'igijise : (Reduplicative Form)
- k'ijiseya : do not sparkle
- k'iri : [second-person plural pronoun] : you, you all
- k'iis : (n.) light
- k'iisho : (n.) luminary
- k'ina : (v.d) to bite, to gnaw, to nip
- k'iigina : (Reduplicative Form)
- k'ineya : do not bite
- k'o : (cc.) or (coordinates two noun phrases or verb phrases; exclusive, so only one or the other; "He is either alive or dead"; he can't be both; contrasts with jaja)
- k'on : (n.) ellipse, ovular/elliptical shape
- k'ondi : (n.) door, gate, entrance
- k'ono : (n.) shell (of an egg), eggshell
- k'onwele : (n.) tank (or othered armored vehicle)
- k'umas : (adv.) again, once more
- k'ung : (num.) two
- k'unjo : (n.) another one, other one, others, the rest; (adj.) different (acts as possessor)
- k'ushan : (num.) ten
- k'utkho : (v.d) to fight
- k'uukutkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- k'uutkheya : do not fight
- k'uucho : (n.) ones who fight, fighter, warrior, soldier
- ke : (n.) fang
- khaayagha : (n.) treasure, valuables, riches
- khaayajo : someone of worth, value, or importance
- khawa : (n.) language; (v.d) to speak, to say
- khoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- khaweya : do not speak
- khaya : (v.d) to move using one's hands
- khaya'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- khayaaya : not move using one's hands
- khayema : (v.d) to climb, to climb onto, to scale by hand (derived from the verb: ema)
- khayaamema : (Reduplicative Form)
- khayemeya : do not climb
- khebit'a : (v.d) to carry, to hold, to have (metaphorically) (derived from the verb: bit'a)
- khebiibit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- khebit'eya : do not have (metaphorically)
- khebit'ajo : (n.) one who possesses, ones that have
- khech'iijo : (n.) reclaimer, retriever
- khech'imo : (v.d) to retrieve, to reclaim, to get, to capture (perhaps utilizing some tool) (derived from the verb: ch'imo)
- khech'iichimo : (Reduplicative Form)
- khech'imeya : do not retrieve
- khekhawa : (v.d) to respond, to answer, to provide useful information (derived from the verb: khawa)
- khekhoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- khekhaweya : do not respond
- khekhuno : (v.d) to manipulate (especially physically; can have a neutral interpretation) (derived from the verb: khuno)
- khekhunghuno : (Reduplicative Form)
- khekhuneya : do not manipulate
- kheluuda : (v.d) to make by hand (derived from the verb: luuda)
- kheluuluda : (Reduplicative Form)
- kheluudeya : do not make
- kheluuga : (n.) artifact, relic, artificial item
- khemaaro : (v.d) to spy, to rifle through, to investigate (derived from the verb: maaro)
- khemaamaro : (Reduplicative Form)
- khemaaroya : do not spy
- khemaarojo : ones who spy, spies
- khep'uuka : (v.d) to beg, to plead (derived from the verb: p'uuka)
- khep'uubuko : (Reduplicative Form)
- khep'uukeya : do not beg
- khewaqkho : (v.d) to give permission (derived from the verb: waqkho)
- khewaawoqkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- khewaqkheya : do not give permission
- kheyua : (v.d) to grasp (with both hands), to grab
- kheyuaiwa : (Reduplicative Form)
- kheyueya : do not grab
- khezaya : (v.d) to pile, to stack, to heap (derived from the verb: zaya)
- khezaazaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- khezayeya : do not pile
- khezet'u : (n.) pile, heap, stack
- khiik'u : (v.s) to know how (to know some object well, make it the direct object; to know how to do s/t, a phrase headed by an infinitive) (derived from the verb: iik'u)
- khiihik'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- khiik'uya : not know how
- khis : (v.s) ❶ to be dry — ❷ to be lesser, inferior, diminished
- khighis : (Reduplicative Form)
- khiseya : not be dry; not be inferior
- khisho : (n.) inferior one, lesser one, infidel, pest, mongrel, etc.
- khobu : (v.d) ❶ to shoot, to fire (e.g. a gun) — ❷ to send a message (or, rather, for a message to travel, especially a digital communication)
- khuughobu : (Reduplicative Form)
- khobuuya : do not shoot, hold fire, cease firing,
- khobuugha : gun, firearm
- khoya : (v.s) to be wise, to be sagacious
- khweghoya : (Reduplicative Form)
- khoyeya : not be wise
- khuno : (v.d) to control
- khunghuno : (Reduplicative Form)
- khuneya : do not control
- khuut'a : (n.) brood-mate (born of the same parents, sibling, fellow citizen, compatriot, brother); (adj.) same (acts as possessor)
- khuzho : [Reflexive Pronoun] : one's self; myself, yourself, themselves, itself
- kiigiyaara : (n.) Kig-Yar, Jackals
- kkhaaro : (v.d) to write
- kkhaaghaaro : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhaarweya : do not write
- kkhaaya : (v.s) to be of value, to be of worth, to be of import, to be valuable, to be worthy, to matter
- kkhaagaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhaayeya : not be of value
- kkhadza : (v.s) to be correct, to be right (antiquated: to be straight)
- kkhagadza : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhadzeya : not be right
- kkhadzat'u : right , rightful
- kkhago : (n.) ring, circle, loop; (v.d) to encircle, to loop, to surround
- kkhaakago : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhagoya : do not encircle
- kkhat'a : (v.d) to think, to ponder, to consider
- kkhaakat'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhajeya : do not think
- kkhesp'a : (v.d) to choke
- kkhaaghesp'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhesp'eya : do not choke
- kkhosa : (v.d) to flee, to escape, to vanish, to disappear
- kkhosko : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhosheya : do not flee
- kkhotskha : (v.s) to be broken
- kkhaagotskha : (Reduplicative Form)
- kkhotskheya : not be broken
- k'aacho : (v.s) to be effective, to be useful, to be serviceable, to be valid
L:
- la'a : (n.) egg
- la'ajo : (n.) twin, partner, counterpart
- lakhi : (v.d) to rise, to rise up, to ascend
- laalakhi : (Reduplicative Form)
- lakhiya : do not rise
- laq'u : (v.d) to sail, to fly, to navigate
- laalaq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- laq'weya : do not sail
- lekkha : (v.s) to be wrong, to be incorrect, to be false (old word: to be bent or crooked)
- laalekkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- lekkheya : not be wrong
- lekkhu : (v.d) to help, to assist, to aid
- leelekkhu : (Reduplicative Form)
- lekkhuuya : do not help
- lo : (part.) it seems, apparently (sentence-final particle preceded by full verb)
- loshkho : (v.d) to demonstrate, to display, to show
- loloshkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- loshkhoya : do not show
- luk'a : (n.) spear
- luskho : (n.) star
- lutkho : (v.d) to bleed
- luulutkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- lutkheya : do not bleed
- luuda : (v.d) to make, to fashion, to build
- luuluda : (Reduplicative Form)
- luudeya : do not make
- luujo : (n.) one who bleeds
- luuka : (n.) blood
M:
- maa : (part.) um, er, uh, oh, eh
- maaro : (v.d) to find, to locate, to search out, to seek
- maamaro : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'amaamaro : keep on searching
- maaroya : do not find
- q'amaaro : keep looking, continue looking
- maamaro : (Reduplicative Form)
- maarot'u : (n.) a search, exploration, quest
- maasa : (n.) pulsing, pulsations, time (generic/folksy way of marking time); (v.s) to pulse, to pound, to pulsate
- maamasa : (Reduplicative Form)
- maaseya : not pulse
- maazi : (v.d) to hate, to loathe, to resent
- maamazi : (Reduplicative Form)
- maazeya : do not hate
- maaziit'u : (n.) hatred, resentment, loathing
- maghu : (n.) region, area, province (larger than diibe)
- maskhe : (v.s) to be angry
- maamaskhe : (Reduplicative Form)
- maskhiya : not be angry
- maskhit'u : (n.) anger, temper
- matkha : (v.d) to kill
- maamatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- matkhaya : do not kill
- me : [postposition] : in, inside, inside of (inessive) ; of (genitive)
- mech'imo : (v.d) to bring, to take, to convey, to transport (derived from the verb: ch'imo)
- mech'iichimo : (Reduplicative Form)
- mech'imeya : do not bring
- mech'in : (v.d) to carve, to cut into (derived from the verb: ch'in)
- mech'injin : (Reduplicative Form)
- mech'ineya : do not cut
- mechkhuto : (v.s) to be redeemed, to be reborn cleansed of sin and shame (derived from the verb: chkhuto)
- mechkhujuto : (Reduplicative Form)
- mechkhuteya : not be redeemed
- mechkhuut'u : (n.) redemption
- megha : (n.) abdomen, stomach, belly
- meghize : (v.s) to expand (in the sense of a colony or nation) (derived from the verb: ghize)
- meghiigize : (Reduplicative Form)
- meghiziya : not expand
- meghizit'u : (n.) mission
- mejaya : (v.d) to prepare, to get ready (for s/t use the allative) (derived from the verb: jaya)
- mejejaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- meja'eya : do not prepare
- mejayaq'u : (v.d) to prepare, to make ready
- mejejayaq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- mejayaq'weya : do not make ready
- mekhechkha : (v.d) to clear (with a tool) (derived from the verb: echkha)
- mekhechkhaichkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- mekhechkheya : do not clear
- mekho : (n.) tool, instrument, implement, device
- mep'uuka : (v.d) to interrogate (the implication being that the interrogation is done with torture devices) (derived from the verb: p'uuka)
- mep'uubuko : (Reduplicative Form)
- mep'uukeya : do not interrogate
- mep'uujo : (n.) inquisitor, interrogator, questioner
- mobakha : (v.d) to realize, to come to understand suddenly (derived from the verb: bakha)
- mobaabakha : (Reduplicative Form)
- mobagheya : do not realize
- mobaat'u : (n.) realization, revelation, epiphany
- mobit'a : (v.d) to remind (the one reminded is the direct object; to remind s/o of s/t, use [all.]) (derived from the verb: bit'a)
- mobiibit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- mobit'eya : do not remind
- moduje : (v.d) to lose, to lose track of (derived from the verb: duje)
- moduuzuje : (Reduplicative Form)
- modujiya : do not lose
- mogha : (n.) wave (water wave or other); (v.d) to wave, to undulate, to flutter
- maamogha : (Reduplicative Form)
- moghaya : do not wave
- moguro : (v.s) to dream about, to long for, to pine for (with [abl.]) (derived from the verb: guro)
- moguughuro : (Reduplicative Form)
- mogureya : not dream about
- mojaya : (v.d) to remember (one who remembers is the direct object) (derived from the verb: jaya)
- mojejaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- mojayeya : do not remember
- mongitkha : (v.d) to hold sway over, to have influence over, to have the hearts and minds of (derived from the verb: ngitkha)
- mongighitkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- mongitkhaya : do not have influence over
- moq'aara : (v.s) to be faithful, to have faith, to be pious (in s/t use [ine.]) (derived from the verb: q'aara)
- moq'aaqaara : (Reduplicative Form)
- moq'aareya : not be faithful
- moq'aajo : (n.) zealot, enthusiast, ones who are faithful
- moq'aatu : (n.) faith
- moq'as : (v.d) to study, to peruse, to investigate (derived from the verb: q'as)
- moq'asqas : (Reduplicative Form)
- moq'aseya : do not study
- mos : (n.) brain, mind
- me mos ba : (post.) like, as, just as, similar to, same as
- mosa : (post.) except, save, except for (assigns [abs.])
- moshkhoga : (n.) meaning, definition
- moshkhop'o : (v.d) to mean, be defined, to symbolize (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
- moshkhop'obo : (Reduplicative Form)
- moshkhop'eya : do not mean
- mosik'o : (v.s) to understand
- mosiwik'o : (Reduplicative Form)
- mosik'weya : not understand
- mositskha : (v.) to intrigue, to fascinate (derived from the verb: itskha)
- moskhaaba : (v.s) to be addled, to be confused, to be mixed up, to be scatterbrained (derived from the verb: ghaaba)
- moskhaagaba : (Reduplicative Form)
- moskhaabeya : not be confused
- mosodu : (v.s) to be patient (derived from the verb: hodu)
- mosaaghodu : (Reduplicative Form)
- mosoduuya : not be patient
- mosone : (n.) counsel, advice
- mosq'aha : (v.d) to commune with, to be in psychic contact with, to meditate upon (derived from the verb: q'aha)
- mosq'aaqaha : (Reduplicative Form)
- mosq'aheya : do not commune with
- mot'okkha : (v.d) to address (in the sense of to do s/t to fix or make better) (derived from the verb: t'okkha)
- mot'aadokkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- mot'okkhaya : do not address
- mot'ongu : (v.) to agree (derived from the verb: t'ongu)
- mot'onguut'u : (n.) covenant, pact, agreement
- mots'aha : (v.s) to leave, to leave behind, to abandon (derived from the verb: ts'aha)
- mots'aatsaha : (Reduplicative Form)
- mots'aheya : not leave behind
- motsuma : (v.s) to be clever, to be cunning (derived from the verb: dzuma)
- motsuzuma : (Reduplicative Form)
- motsumeya : not be clever
- mu : [third-person singular pronoun] : he/him, she/her
- mun : (v.d) to be weary, to be tired (from s/t [abl.] or use [erg.] to have an agent)
- mummun : (Reduplicative Form)
- muneya : do not wave
- muuri : [third-person plural pronoun] : they, them
N:
- naang : (v.d) to crawl
- naanang : (Reduplicative Form)
- naangeya : do not crawl
- naang me mos ba : (expr.) be that as it may, even so
- nan : (num.) four
- nanshan : (num.) twelve
- nas : (part.) more, any more
- nasa : (v.s) to be more, to exceed (be further, a bit much, far too, much too)
- nanasa : (Reduplicative Form)
- naseya : not be more
- naya : (v.d) to fertilize an egg
- nenaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- nayeya : do not fertilize an egg
- ne : [proximal demonstrative determiner] : (adj.) this
- nejo : (n.) father, dad
- nekhe : (v.s) to stay
- niinekhe : (Reduplicative Form)
- nekhiya : not stay
- nga : (num.) zero; (adj.) nothing, empty (shell, egg)
- ga nga : (post.) without
- ngajo : [negative pronoun] : (pron.) nobody, no one, none
- ngamaas : [negative adverb] : in no manner, in no way, no way
- ngani : (v.s) to need (s/t use [ela.] w/ an infinitive; [abs.] for the needer)
- ngatkhet'a : (adj.) absent, missing
- ngeno : (v.d) to save, to rescue, to relieve, to support
- ngai'ino : (Reduplicative Form)
- ngengweya : do not save
- ngiit'a : (v.s) to be named, to be called (more with animate objects or items of prestige)
- ngit'ida : (Reduplicative Form)
- ngiit'aya : not be named
- ngitkha : (v.d) to press, to push down, to keep under (control), pressure
- ngighitkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- ngitkhaya : do not press
- ngitkhagha : (n.) button (by extension, controls of a ship or machine)
- ngodza : (n.) metal
- nguqkhu : (v.d) to accept, to agree, to assent
- ngunguqkhu : (Reduplicative Form)
- nguqkhuuya : do not accept
- ngushkho : (v.s) to be energetic, to be erratic, to be hyperactive
- nguungushkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- ngushkheya : not be energetic
- nguuka : (n.) energy
- ngwara : (n.) mouth, orifice
- ngwarumaasojo : (n.) Hyades Cluster Stream
- ni : [postposition] : at, by, near (adessive) ; of (genitive)
- niqkha : (v.s) to be secret, to be hidden, to be concealed
- niniiqkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- niqkheya : not be hidden
- niri : [proximal demonstrative plural pronoun] : these, these ones
- nizhan : (adv.) today
- nizhi : and (when used to coordinate nouns and sentences: also, in addition, about, as well, too) (See also: ze)
- nizhija : (sc.) even if, even though, although
- nuju : (v.s) to be timid, to be weak, to be cowardly
- nuunuju : (Reduplicative Form)
- nujeya : not be weak
- nujujo : (n.) weakling, the weak, ones who display cowardice
- nujut'u : (n.) weakness
- nukho : (v.s) to fail (to do s/t precede with clause headed by infinitive; if used with nominal object, use [ade.])
- nuunukho : (Reduplicative Form)
- nugheya : not fail
- nuutkho : (v.s) to be humble
- nuunutkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- nuutkheya : not be humble
- nware : (n.) south (180°)
- nware ga : (adj.) south, southern (i.e. from the south)
- naang : (v.d) to crawl
O:
- o : [postposition] : (ergative) (Occurs with the subject of an action that involves a direct object.)
- oba : (v.s) to be sealed
- obaaba : (Reduplicative Form)
- obeya : not be sealed
- obadi : (n.) prison
- ogha : (n.) foot
- ogha ni : (expr.) near, nearby, close
- oni : [postposition] : to, toward, onto (allative) ; of (genitive)
- opkho : (v.d) to bend
- pkhaapkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- opkhoya : do not bend
- oq'o : (v.s) to be noble, to be honorable, to be great
- oq'ogho : (Reduplicative Form)
- oq'eya : not be honorable
- oq'oqu : (v.d) to honor, to do honor to
- oq'oghoq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- oq'oqeya : do not honor
- oq'otu : (n.) glory, honor
- oq'ogakha : (n.) keystone
- oq'owele : (n.) Dreadnought, Keyship
- ot'a : (v.s) to suffer, to endure
- ot'oza : (Reduplicative Form)
- ot'eya : not suffer
P:
- p'aatu : (n.) pity
- p'aka : (v.d) to pity, to show sympathy for (seen as an act, rather than a feeling)
- p'aabaka : (Reduplicative Form)
- p'akeya : do not pity
- p'asnga : (n.) story, tale
- p'awa : (v.d) to lower, to decrease, to reduce, to subtract, to diminish
- p'aabawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- p'aweya : do not reduce
- p'ayu : (v.s) ❶ to be exact, to be precise, to be accurate — ❷ to be extreme, to be utmost
- p'apeyu : (Reduplicative Form)
- p'aiweya : not be precise
- p'ayut'u : (n.) exactly
- p'ekkha : (v.d) to put, to place
- p'aapekkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- p'ekkheya : do not place
- p'es : (n.) worm (or the rough alien equivalent)
- p'ikhe : (n.) creature, beast (wildness implied) (see also: bekkhajo)
- p'iqo : (n.) north (360°)
- p'iqo ga : (adj.) north, northern (i.e. from the north)
- p'o : (conj.) clause level disjunctive, "without, except for, unless"
- p'os : (n.) shit (or the equivalent)
- p'uko : (n.) book (specifically, a human book)
- p'uuka : (n.) question; (v.d) to question, to ask (irregular non-reduplicated suffix)
- p'uubuko : (Reduplicative Form)
- p'uukeya : do not question
- pkha : (part.) emphasizer, emphasis [for intensity or to convey a sense of urgency] (really, greatly, definitely)
- pkhada : (v.d) to stop, to halt, to cease
- pkhaabada : (Reduplicative Form)
- pkhadeya : do not stop
- pkhama : (v.s) to be absorptive, to have the ability to absorb (e.g. liquid), to have high absorbability, or a high absorption rate
- pkhambama : (Reduplicative Form)
- pkhameya : not be absorptive
- pkhon : (v.d) to eat
- pkhombon : (Reduplicative Form)
- pkhoneya : do not eat
- pkhot'a : (n.) front, area in front of
- pkhot'a ga : (adj.) frontal (i.e. from the front)
- pkhungo : (v.d) to sleep, to rest, to relax
- pkhubungo : (Reduplicative Form)
- pkhunguya : do not sleep
- p'umo : (n.) ❶ dawn — ❷ beginning, inception
Q:
- q'a : (part.) but, but rather, yet, however, only, merely, still
- q'aara : (v.s) to be firm, to be solid, to be true
- q'aaqaara : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'aareya : not be true
- q'aatu : (n.) truth
- q'aha : (v.d) to touch
- q'aaqaha : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'aheya : do not touch
- q'aijo : (n.) monk, nun, hermit, ascetic
- q'anekhe : (v.s) to last, to endure, to continue to exist (from the verb: nekhe)
- q'aniinekhe : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'anekhiya : not last
- q'as : (v.d) to scavenge, to go through (with one's mandibles or claws, like an insect)
- q'asqas : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'aseya : do not scavenge
- q'aya : (v.s) to be plain, to be simple, to be uncomplicated
- q'egaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'ayeya : not be simple
- q'ibe : (v.s) to be merciful, to be benevolent, to be humane
- q'iiqibe : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'ibeya : not be merciful
- q'ii : (n.) death, demise
- q'ii ni ghats'aha : (expr.) to be dead
- q'iitu : (n.) mercy
- q'iskhe : (v.d) ❶ to appear, to emerge — ❷ to complete successfully, to come to successful completion
- q'ikhiskhe : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'iskheya : do not emerge, do not complete successfully
- q'ona : (v.d) to teach, to instruct, to educate
- q'onggona : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'oneya : do not teach
- q'ora : (v.d) to plan, to intend, to calculate
- q'ogora : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'oreya : do not plan
- q'osq'osa : (n.) braying, mewling, caterwauling (onomatopoeic)
- q'uho : (v.s) to be quiet, to be silent
- q'uuquho : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'uheya : not be quiet
- q'ukho : (v.d) to push, to shove
- q'uuqukho : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'ukheya : do not push
- q'unqa : (v.d) ❶ to forget, to overlook, to neglect — ❷ to forgive (direct object is thing forgiven; the one forgiven use [ela.])
- q'uunquqa : (Reduplicative Form)
- q'unqeya : do not forget, do not forgive
- qkhaamo : (n.) shrine, temple
- qkhaat'u : (n.) holiness
- qkhaaq'u : (v.) to consecrate, to make something holy
- qkhado : (v.s) to be holy, to be sacred, to be divine
- qkhaghado : (Reduplicative Form)
- qkhadeya : not be holy
- qkhado k'iis : (n.) plasma grenade (type A)
- qkhado ruq'a : (n.) plasma grenade (type B)
- qkhadomo : (n.) divine beyond
- qkhan : (n.) enemy
- qkhat'a : (v.d) to cover, to conceal, to protect
- qkhaghat'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- qkhat'aya : do not conceal
- qkhe : (expr.) oh, uh (an expression of surprise)
- qkhe p'os : (expr.) "oh, shit!", "ah, crap!"
- qkhige : (v.s) to feel pain, to hurt
- qkhiighije : (Reduplicative Form)
- qkhigiya : not feel pain
- qkhigiq'u : (v.d) to hurt, to injure
- qhiighijiq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- qkhigiq'weya : do not hurt
- qkhit'u : (v.d) to try, to attempt, to taste
- qkhighit'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- qkhituya : do not attempt
- qkhole : (v.d) to bury (the dead), to inter
- qkhoghole : (Reduplicative Form)
- qkholiya : do not bury
- qkhosa : (v.d) to walk, to move by foot (to stand with s/o in the metaphorical sense, use this verb plus the postposition bani)
- qkhoghosa : (Reduplicative Form)
- qkhoseya : do not walk
R:
- raas : (n.) sky
- Raas Kkhotskha : (prop.n.) A name of a Sangheili planet. (lit. broken-sky)
- raskha : (v.s) ❶ to be split, be cracked — ❷ to be corrupt
- raaraskha : (Reduplicative Form)
- raskheya : not be cracked
- rasq'u : (v.) to knock down, to cause to fall
- rawa : (v.s) to be soft
- roghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- raweya : not be soft
- res : (v.s) to die
- reeres : (Reduplicative Form)
- reseya : not die
- Riich'e : (prop.n.) Reach
- riikhe : (n.) crowd, collection, group
- riikhe ni : together, all together
- riikhe oni : regroup, rally together
- riikhe zi : among, in company
- riin : [first-person plural pronoun] : we, us (inclusive of you)
- riiya : (v.d) to sprout, to have extend from, to have (e.g. to have hair, to have horns, to have arms, to have antlers, etc.)
- riiriya : (Reduplicative Form)
- riiyeya : not sprout
- rojo : (n.) pet (or similar endearing name for a small, cute thing)
- ros : (num.) five
- roshan : (num.) thirteen
- rotkho : (n.) flesh (of a fruit or being), meat
- rube : (n.) ground, soil, earth, dirt
- ruq'a : (n.) fire, flame, heat
- ruq'echkha : (v.) to burn, to shine, to illuminate
- ruq'ota : (v.s) to suffer by fire, to burn (figuratively), to writhe in agony (derived from the verb: ot'a)
- ruq'otoza : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruq'oteya : not suffer by fire
- ruq'otaq'u : (v.) to burn something, to incinerate
- ruqkhira : (v.s) to anoint (derived from the verb: hira)
- ruqkhiihira : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruqkhiraya : not anoint
- ruubakha : (v.d) to destroy, to obliterate (derived from the verb: bakha) (See also: ghunu)
- ruubaabakha : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruubagheya : do not destroy
- ruubaabaacho : (n.) intruder
- ruujaya : (v.d) to come, to arrive with great urgency (derived from the verb: jaya)
- ruujejaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruujayeya : do not arrive with urgency
- ruuk'ina : (v.d) to attack (derived from the verb: k'ina)
- ruuk'iigina : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruuk'ineya : do not attack
- ruukhawa : (v.d) ❶ to preach, to speak vehemently, passionately, or angrily — ❷ to demand, to insist, to command (derived from the verb: khawa)
- ruukhoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruukhaweya : do not preach; do not command
- ruukkha : (n.) soul, spirit, essence
- ruukkhajo : (n.) ghost, specter, apparition
- ruumaasa : (v.s) to glow, to shine (especially pulsating, or to glow temporarily) (derived from the verb: maasa)
- ruumaamasa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruumaaseya : not glow
- ruunujuq'u : (v.s) to be lessen, to weaken structurally, to mitigate
- ruunuunujuq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruunujq'weya : not be lessen
- ruupkhada : (v.d) to keep from, to hold back from, to prevent (very strongly) (derived from the verb: pkhada)
- ruupkhaabada : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruupkhadeya : do not keep from
- ruuq'aha : (v.d) to anoint, to declare as s/t, to bestow upon, to proclaim (s/o [abs.] to be s/t [all.]) (derived from the verb: q'aha)
- ruuq'aaqaha : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruuq'aheya : do not anoint
- ruuq'ona : (v.d) to re-educate (negative connotation) (derived from the verb: q'ona)
- ruuq'onggona : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruuq'oneya : do not re-educate
- ruuq'ontu : (n.) reeducation
- ruuq'ukho : (v.d) to punish, to chastise (derived from the verb: q'ukho)
- ruuq'uuqukho : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruuq'ukheya : do not punish
- ruuq'uuka : (n.) punishment, chastisement
- ruut'iya : (v.s) to be active, to be online (derived from the verb: t'iya)
- ruut'iidiya : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruut'ijeya : not be active
- ruuts'age : (v.d) to light, to kindle, to set on fire (derived from the verb: ts'age)
- ruuts'adzage : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruuts'ageya : do not light
- ruutskha'a : (v.d) to do with deleterious consequences or intent (derived from the verb: tskha'a)
- ruutskhatsa'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- ruutskha'eya : do not do with harmful intent
S:
- saatu : absolutely
- sangheli : (n.) Sangheili
- satkha : (v.s) to be certain, to be sure, to be definite
- sasatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- satkheya : not be sure
- shaada : (v.s) to be loyal, to be devoted, to be sincere
- shaashada : (Reduplicative Form)
- shaadaya : not be loyal
- shaadat'u : (n.) loyalty
- shak'o : (n.) road, path, way
- shan : (num.) eight
- shandet'a : (n.) age, generation
- Shandi : (prop.n.) The Covenant (the Group of 8)
- shango : (v.s) to be next (in a series), to follow
- siishango : (Reduplicative Form)
- shangoya : not be next
- shkhii : (n.) ❶ air, exhaled air, breath — ❷ odor, smell
- shkhiinga : (n.) braying, mewling, caterwauling (onomatopoeic)
- shkhis : (v.d) to swallow
- shkhiizhis : (Reduplicative Form)
- shkhiseya : do not swallow
- shkhoot'u : (n.) sign, signaling, indication
- shkhop'o : (v.d) to point (to), to indicate, to signal, to mark
- shkhop'obo : (Reduplicative Form)
- shkhop'eya : do not point
- shkhun : (n.) evening, night, late
- siin : (v.s) to be fast, to be quick
- siizin : (Reduplicative Form)
- siineya : not be fast
- siit'a : (v.d) to call (on), to appeal (to), to address
- siizit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- siit'aya : do not call (on)
- skhala : (n.) hammer, mallet
- skhiin : (n.) glass
- skhire : (v.s) to be cruel, to be vindictive, to be hurtful
- skhiizire : (Reduplicative Form)
- skhireya : not be cruel
- skhucho : (adv.) down
- skhuro : (n.) ❶ shape, size — ❷ kind, sort, type
- skhuun : (v.d) to tame
- skhuuzhun : (Reduplicative Form)
- skhuuneya : do not tame
- Suban : (prop.n.) Suban, a moon orbiting Sanghelios.
- sugakho : (n.) needler (SuGaKho is short for "suban gakha khobuugha" meaning subanese stone gun) (See also: yojo)
- suung : (n.) heart
T:
- t'aaqu : (v.d) to cleanse, to make pure, to purify
- t'edaaq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'aaqweya : do not purify
- T'elo : (prop.n.) A male given name. Latinized as Thel. — T'elo Badami
- t'ema : (v.s) to be pure, to be simple, to be plain
- t'edema : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'emeya : not be pure
- t'ibaatkha : (v.d) to annoy, to frustrate, to pester (derived from the verb: baatkha)
- t'ibaabatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ibaatkheya : do not annoy
- t'ichin : (v.d) to insult, to ridicule (derived from the verb: ch'in)
- t'ichinjin : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ichineya : do not insult
- t'ighaina : (v.d) to understand, to make out (in the sense of to manage to understand a message that may be garbled) (derived from the verb: ghaina)
- t'ighanyena : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ighaineya : do not understand
- t'ighunu : (v.d) to insult (the highest possible insult—to insult s/o's brood) (derived from the verb: ghunu) (See also: ruubakha)
- t'ighuugunu : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ighuneya : do not insult
- t'iis : (n.) word, lexeme
- t'iiwa : (v.s) to doubt, to misbelieve, to suspect
- t'iidiwa : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'iiweya : not doubt
- t'iiwajo : (n.) ones who doubt, heathen, pagan, heretic, apostate, infidel
- t'ik'utkho : (v.d) to argue, to debate (derived from the verb: k'utkho)
- t'ik'uukutkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ik'uutkheya : do not argue
- t'ikhawa : (v.d) to talk, to chat (w/ s/o use [all.]) (derived from the verb: khawa)
- t'ikhoghawa : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ikhaweya : do not chat
- t'ikhori : (n.) communications, coms (on a ship)
- t'ikhuno : (v.d) to manipulate (with words) (derived from the verb: khuno)
- t'ikhunghuno : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ikhuneya : do not manipulate w/ words
- t'iloshkho : (v.d) to inform, to tell, to make aware of (derived from the verb: loshkho)
- t'iloloshkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'iloshkhoya : do not tell
- t'imatkha : (v.d) to slander (derived from the verb: matkha)
- t'imaamatkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'imatkhaya : do not slander
- t'inguqkhu : (v.d) to mediate, to reconcile, to make peace (derived from the verb: nguqkhu)
- t'ingunguqkhu : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'inguqkhuuya : do not mediate
- t'inguqkhuujo : (n.) arbiter, mediator, intermediary, go-between
- t'ipekkha : (v.d) to suggest (derived from the verb: p'ekkha)
- t'ipaap'ekkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ipekkheya : do not suggest
- t'ishkhop'o : (v.d) to accuse, to blame (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
- t'ishkhop'obo : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ishkhop'eya : do not blame
- t'isiit'a : (v.d) to call out to, to contact, to communicate (derived from the verb: siit'a)
- t'isiizit'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'isiit'aya : do not call out to
- t'isiit'agha : (n.) message, communique, transmission
- t'iskina : (v.d) to gossip, to spread a rumor (derived from the verb: k'ina)
- t'iskiigina : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'iskineya : do not gossip
- t'iskinagha : (n.) rumor, rumors, whispering, whispers
- t'isoq'o : (v.s) to swear, to give one's word (derived from the verb: oq'o)
- t'isoq'ogho : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'isoq'eya : not swear
- t'ispkhada : (v.d) to deny, to prevent (not as strong as ruupkhada) (derived from the verb: pkhada)
- t'ispkhaabada : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ispkhadeya : do not deny
- t'ispkhadajo : (n.) ones who deny or dare oppose
- t'isquho : (v.s) to be hypocritical, to be a hypocrite (derived from the verb: q'uho)
- t'isquuquho : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'isquheya : not be hypocritical
- t'isqukho : (v.d) to release, to unleash (derived from the verb: q'ukho)
- t'isq'uuqukho : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'isq'ukheya : do not release
- t'iswaqkho : (v.d) to let, to allow (preceded by full clause) (derived from the verb: waqkho)
- t'iswaawoqkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'iswaqkheya : do not allow
- t'itsaha : (v.s) to mumble, stammer, or falter with words (derived from the verb: ts'aha)
- t'itsaats'aha : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'itsaheya : not mumble
- t'iya : (v.s) to live, to be alive, to be living
- t'iidiya : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'ijeya : not be alive
- t'iyaq'u : (v.d) to bring to life, to make live, to energize
- t'iidiyaq'u : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'iq'weya : do not make live
- t'iyat'u : (n.) life, existence
- t'okkha : (v.d) to fix, to repair, to solve
- t'aadokkha : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'okkhaya : do not fix
- t'ongu : (v.d) to meet, to rendezvous, to encounter
- t'odongu : (Reduplicative Form)
- t'onguuya : do not meet
- t'ulu : (n.) bone
- t'upa : (n.) front, area in front of
- tkha : ❶ [inanimate third-person singular pronoun] : it — ❷ [distal demonstrative determiner] : that
- tkhaari : ❶ [inanimate third-person plural pronoun] : they — ❷ [distal demonstrative plural pronoun] : those, those ones
- tkhaas : there, over there
- tkhaas oni : to there, that way
- tkhaati : (n.) land, place
- tkhahana : (v.d) to finish, to end, to complete
- tkhahantana : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkhahaneya : do not finish
- tkhahant'u : (n.) end, culmination, last
- tkhaq'a : (v.s) to be weighed, to be weighted, to be heavy
- tkhadaq'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkhaq'eya : not be heavy
- tkhazhi : (adv.) then, and then, at that time
- tkhekha : (v.s) to be free, have liberty
- tkhaadekha : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkhekheya : not be free
- tkhet'a : (n.) ❶ nest (place where eggs are kept) — ❷ people, group, species (specifically one's own)
- tkhet'a ga : (expr.) please (directly translating to "Of the people" or "For the people")
- Tkhet'a ghap'awatan! : (idiomatic, vulgar) (literally meaning "a stomped nest") expresses a misfortune or unfortunate circumstances : "Shit out of luck!"
- tkho : (n.) water, fluid
- tkhola : (v.s) to be full
- tkhaadola : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkholeya : not be full
- tkhoma : (v.d) to crush
- tkhaadoma : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkhomeya : do not crush
- tkhop'a : (v.d) to call, to label, to name (s/o [acc.] s/t [ill.])
- tkhaadop'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkhop'eya : do not name
- tkhu : (n.) thing, object
- tkhunga : (v.d) to send, to convey, to deliver
- tkhuudunga : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkhungaya : do not send
- tkhungat'u : (n.) messenger, herald, harbinger
- tkhuyu : (v.s) to be ancient, to be very old
- tkhwiduyu : (Reduplicative Form)
- tkhweya : not be ancient
- tkhuyujo : (n.) ancient one, ancients, forerunner (the ones who seeded technology throughout the universe)
- ts'age : (v.s) to be bright
- ts'adzage : (Reduplicative Form)
- ts'ageya : not be bright
- ts'aha : (v.s) ❶ to fall (w/ [erg.] to drop, to make fall) — ❷ to be at, to be located at (used for factual statements about location)
- ts'aatsaha : (Reduplicative Form)
- ts'aheya : not fall; not be located at
- ts'ekhe : (v.s) ❶ to be smooth — ❷ to be easy, to be simple
- ts'etsekhe : (Reduplicative Form)
- ts'ekhiiya : not be smooth; not be easy
- ts'epa : (n.) rod, lever, stick (various)
- ts'ukho : (v.s) to exist, for there to be, there is, there are, there's (an existential verb for which we ordinarily use the existential construction "there is" or "there are", as in "There are three birds on the roof"; Never to be used as a general equative, e.g. "I am a soldier"; used in presentational constructions)
- ts'uutsukho : (Reduplicative Form)
- ts'ugheya : not to exist, for there not to be
- ts'uu : (n.) east (90°)
- ts'uuchaga : (expr.) yes, affirmative (specifically "it will be so"; "it shall be so")
- ts'uutsughaleya : impossible, cannot be possible
- tskha'a : (v.d) to do, to execute, to carry out (an action), to act on (s/o, depending on the action, either [all.] or [ill.])
- tskhatsa'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- tskha'eya : do not do
- t'aaqu : (v.d) to cleanse, to make pure, to purify
U:
- ugha : (v.s) to be cold
- ughauwa : (Reduplicative Form)
- ughaaya : not be cold
- uro : (n.) claw, nail
- us : (n.) rim, edge
- Ut'o : (prop.n.) A male given name — Ut'o Madama
- uuqkho : (v.s) to be foul tasting, to be vile, to be evil
- uughuuqkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- uuqkheya : not be foul
- uuri : (v.s) to be small, to be tiny
- uuruli : (Reduplicative Form)
- uuriya : not be small
- uurit'u : (adv.) almost
- uutu : (n.) evil, vileness
- uzo : [medial demonstrative singular pronoun] : that, that one
- ugha : (v.s) to be cold
W:
- waaka : (n.) gift, present, talent
- waqkho : (v.d) to give, to transfer, to bestow
- waawoqkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- waqkheya : do not give
- warut'o : (v.d) to go, to travel, to move forward (inspired by "wort" from the games)
- waat'woto : (Reduplicative Form)
- warut'eya : do not go
- q'awarut'o : continue on, onward
- watkho : (v.s) to fear, to be afraid of (s/t [abl.]; the one who's afraid is the patient)
- waawotkho : (Reduplicative Form)
- watkheya : not fear
- wele : (n.) ship, vessel
- welegoja : (n.) bridge (nautical), command center of a ship
- weleguujo : (n.) shipmaster, shipmistress
- welejaya : (v.d) to come by ship (derived from the verb: jaya)
- welejejaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- welejayeya : do not come by ship
- welema : (v.d) to board (a ship) (derived from the verb: ema)
- welaamema : (Reduplicative Form)
- welemeya : do not board
- welekkhosa : (v.d) to retreat or flee via some sort of vehicle (derived from the verb: kkhosa)
- welekkhosko : (Reduplicative Form)
- welekkhosheya : do not retreat
- welit'a : (n.) beast of burden, domesticated
- welit'ari : (n.) ❶ fleet — ❷ herd
- wighe : (n.) ash, cinder
- wiiwaruut'u : (n.) journey, voyage
- wit'a : (n.) direction (spatial)
Y:
- ya'a : (n.) piece, part
- yaa : (n.) horizon plane, x-axis (XY plane)
- yaala : (n.) body
- yaat'a : (n.) horizon, plane
- yap'o : (v.s) to be good, pleasant, fitting
- yap'obo : (Reduplicative Form)
- yap'oya : not be good
- yawa : (n.) awl, needle
- Yemo : (prop.n.) Yermo (a region of Sanghelios) (lit. mountain-region)
- yera : (n.) mountain
- yodu : (adv.) soon
- yojo : (n.) needler (slang derived from yawa) (See also: sugakho)
- yua : (num.) multiple of eight
- yuusa : (v.s) to be far, to be distant, to be remote
- yuusesa : (Reduplicative Form)
- yuusaaya : not be far
Z:
- zan : (v.d) to use, to utilize, to make use of
- zandzan : (Reduplicative Form)
- zaneya : do not use
- zap'a : (v.d) to win, to be victorious, to vanquish (w/ absolutive)
- zaazap'a : (Reduplicative Form)
- zap'eya : do not win
- zap'atu : (n.) victory, a win
- zaya : (v.d) to add, to increase, to expand
- zaazaya : (Reduplicative Form)
- zayeya : do not increase
- ze : (conj.) and (when used to coordinate adjectives: also, as well as, too) (See also: nizhi)
- zhan or zhaan : (n.) day, date, day of the month
- zhi : [postposition] : into, in (illative) ; of (genitive)
- zhiija : (v.s) to be suitable, be appropriate
- zhiizija : (Reduplicative Form)
- zhiijeya : not be appropriate
- zhiiq'o : (n.) time, length of time, moment, period
- chkhan zhiiq'o ni : (adv.) for all time, always, at all times
- chkhan zhiiq'o zhi : (adv.) forever (i.e. into all time)
- zhuro : (n.) weapon
- zhuya : (v.d) to ride
- zhiizhuya : (Reduplicative Form)
- zhuyeya : do not ride
- zhuyajo : (n.) rider
- zhuyajuri : (n.) crew
- zo : [medial demonstrative determiner] : that
- zoq'ukhya : (adv.) left
- zuri : [medial demonstrative plural pronoun] : those, those ones
- zwari : (v.d) to lower
- zwezuari : (Reduplicative Form)
- zwariya : do not lower
- zan : (v.d) to use, to utilize, to make use of
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