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{{Status|Canon}}
{{Status|Canon}}
{{disambig header|the ground-based plasma mortars|the plasma mortars mounted on Covenant starships|Plasma bombardment mortar}}
{{disambig header|the ground-based plasma mortars|the plasma mortars mounted on Covenant starships|Plasma bombardment mortar}}
[[File:HW2-BlitzMegaturret.jpg|thumb|250px|An [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Antlion]] firing its siege plasma mortar.]]
[[File:HW2-BlitzMegaturret.jpg|thumb|300px|An [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Antlion]] firing its siege plasma mortar.]]
The '''plasma mortar''', also known as energy mortar,{{Ref/Novel|Id=fs12|FS|Chapter=12}} is a classification of [[Plasma weaponry|plasma-based]] artillery weapon.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc11p347|Enc11|Page=347}}
The '''plasma mortar''', also known as '''energy mortar''',{{Ref/Novel|Id=fs12|FS|Chapter=12}} is a classification of [[Plasma weaponry|plasma-based]] artillery weapon.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc11p347|Enc11|Page=347}}


The plasma mortar fires shaped blast of superheated [[plasma]], which arc in a parabolic trajectory and explode violently upon impact.{{Ref/Novel|Id=tf6|TF|Chapter=6}} As with any [[mortar weapon]], the plasma mortar serves as an excellent long range bombardment style projectile. The arching projectiles allow the operator to stay at a particular position, without the worry of having to aim projectiles around or over terrain.
The plasma mortar launches shaped blast of superheated [[plasma]], which arc in a parabolic trajectory and explode violently upon impact.{{Ref/Novel|Id=tf6|TF|Chapter=6}} As with any [[:Category:Mortar|mortar weapon]], the plasma mortar serves as an excellent long range bombardment style projectile. The arching projectiles allow the operator to stay at a particular position, without the worry of having to aim projectiles around or over terrain.
 
Since they can be mounted on a variety of emplacements or vehicles, plasma mortars are employed similarly in a variety of roles, including anti-personnel,{{Ref/Game|Id=citadelturret|HW|Covenant citadel base turret}} anti-vehicle, and shelling fortifications.{{Ref/Reuse|enc11p347}}


==Known types==
==Known types==
===Burst cannon===
{{Main|Ra'aam-pattern burst cannon}}
While originally designed as a naval weapon aboard [[Vestige|aging warship]]s of the [[Sangheili]], the {{Pattern|Ra'aam|burst cannon}} was taken by [[Jul 'Mdama's Covenant]] and repurposed as an emplaced plasma mortar.{{Ref/Book|Id=Enc22|Enc22|Page=305}}
===Class-2 medium plasma mortar===
===Class-2 medium plasma mortar===
{{Main|Class-2 medium plasma mortar}}
{{Main|Class-2 medium plasma mortar}}
The Class-2 medium plasma mortar is mounted on the rear of the {{Pattern|Rizvum|Revenant}}.{{Ref/Book|EVG|Page=154}}{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p275|Enc22|Page=275}} While charging, the plasma possesses a bluish tinge, though it is red when it is fired. The weapon has a less pronounced parabolic arc than its larger counterparts.{{Ref/Game|Id=revenant|HR|Revenant in-game vehicle}}
The Class-2 medium plasma mortar is mounted on the rear of the {{Pattern|Rizvum|Revenant}}.{{Ref/Book|EVG|Page=154}}{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p275|Enc22|Page=275}} While charging, the plasma blast possesses a bluish tinge, though it is red when it is fired. The weapon has a less pronounced parabolic arc than its larger counterparts.{{Ref/Game|Id=revenant|HR|Revenant in-game vehicle}}


===Incendiary plasma mortar===
===Incendiary plasma mortar===
Each {{Pattern|N'weo|Gigas}} craft is armed with two incendiary plasma mortars, which fire incendiary carpet bombs from the fighter-bomber.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p289|Enc22|Page=289}}
Each {{Pattern|N'weo|Gigas}} craft is armed with two incendiary plasma mortars, allowing the fighter-bomber to deploy incendiary carpet bombs.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p289|Enc22|Page=289}}


===Infantry-deployed energy mortar===
===Infantry-deployed energy mortar===
There is an infantry-deployed model of the energy mortar.{{Ref/Novel|Id=goo38|GoO|Chapter=38}} These models require at least a trio of [[Unggoy]] to assemble on-site, but once assembled, they can generate [[energy shielding]] for protection.{{Ref/Novel|Id=goo39|GoO|Chapter=39}}
There is a Covenant infantry-deployed energy mortar.{{Ref/Novel|Id=goo38|GoO|Chapter=38}} These mortars require at least a trio of [[Unggoy]] to assemble on-site, but once assembled, they can generate [[energy shielding]] for protection.{{Ref/Novel|Id=goo39|GoO|Chapter=39}}


===Heavy plasma mortar===
===Heavy plasma mortar===
{{Main|Heavy plasma mortar}}
[[File:1216011812 Wraith.jpg|thumb|250px|A {{Pattern|Zurdo|Wraith}} firing its heavy plasma mortar.]]
[[File:1216011812 Wraith.jpg|thumb|250px|A {{Pattern|Zurdo|Wraith}} firing its heavy plasma mortar.]]
The heavy plasma mortar, also known as plasma mortar cannon,{{Ref/Book|Id=enc11p257|Enc11|Page=257}} is the primary armament of the [[Wraith]].{{Ref/Book|Id=h4evg|H4EVG|Page=117, 228}}{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p274|Enc22|Page=274}} It is attached to the rear of the Wraith, allowing the vehicle's [[Boosted gravity propulsion drive|propulsion drive]] to absorb almost all of its recoil.{{Ref/Reuse|enc11p257}} The weapon is extremely powerful and is one of the most powerful ground-based application of Covenant energy weapon technology.{{Ref/Reuse|enc11p347}} The plasma blast is typically a blue-white orb that is {{Convert|0.91|m|ft}} in diameter,{{Ref/Reuse|enc11p347}} which burns the air it passes.{{Ref/Novel|Id=fs35|FS|Chapter=35}} The plasma blast travel rather slowly in the air, so it can be out-maneuvered easily by a fast vehicle, including [[Warthog]]s.{{Ref/Reuse|tf6}} However, upon impact, the plasma blast obliterates everything—[[titanium]] battle plates, concrete, or flesh—within {{Convert|20|m|ft}} at the point of impact,{{Ref/Reuse|fs12}} all the while leaving large crater on ground in its wake.{{Ref/Reuse|tf6}}  The blast has a kill radius of {{Convert|6.09|m|ft}}, and damages any targets caught in a radius of {{Convert|15.24|m|ft}}.{{Ref/Reuse|enc11p347}} The plasma mortar's main use lies in shelling and vehicular warfare,{{Ref/Reuse|enc11p347}} as it can destroy heavily reinforced defenses from a long distance. However, it is also fairly effective in closer engagements in the hands of a skilled operator.{{Ref/Site|Id=waypoint|URL=https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/universe/vehicles/wraith|Site=Halo Waypoint|Page=Wraith|D=11|M=5|Y=2021}} It is nicknamed PM, Comet, and Brimstone.{{Ref/Reuse|enc11p347}} The [[United Nations Space Command]]'s [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] has typically [[Type classification system|type-classified]] encountered heavy plasma mortars based on the type classifications of Wraiths:
The heavy plasma mortar is the primary armament of the [[Wraith]].{{Ref/Book|Id=h4evg|H4EVG|Page=117, 228}}{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p274|Enc22|Page=274}} It launches a plasma blast that is typically a blue-white orb which travels slowly in the air.{{Ref/Reuse|tf6}} However, upon impact, the plasma blast obliterates everything at the point of impact,{{Ref/Reuse|fs12}} all the while leaving a large crater on ground in its wake.{{Ref/Reuse|tf6}} The plasma mortar's main use lies in shelling and vehicular warfare,{{Ref/Book|Id=enc11p257|Enc11|Page=257}} but it is also fairly effective in closer engagements.{{Ref/Site|Id=waypoint|URL=https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/universe/vehicles/wraith|Site=Halo Waypoint|Page=Wraith|D=11|M=5|Y=2021}} The heavy plasma mortar has seen numerous variations, including, but not limited to, the scorch plasma mortar on [[Ironclad Wraith]]s and an infusion-modified variant on [[Terror Wraith]]s.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p469|Enc22|Page=469}}
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Type classification !! Vehicles
|-
| Type-26 35cm Directed Energy Mortar (T-26 35m DEM) ||
*{{Pattern|Zurdo|Wraith}} {{Type|26|Assault Gun Carriage|AGC}}{{Ref/Reuse|h4evg}}
*{{Pattern|Muz|Wraith}} {{Type|26|Assault Gun Carriage|AGC}}{{Ref/Reuse|h4evg}}
|-
| Type-58 35cm Directed Energy Mortar (T-26 58m DEM) ||
*{{Pattern|Kemu|Wraith}} {{Type|58|Light Assault Gun Carriage|LAGC}}{{Ref/Reuse|waypoint}}
|}
 
===Infusion-modified plasma mortar===
The [[Banished]]'s [[Voridus]] modified the [[Terror Wraith]] with a mortar that launches a roiling torrent of [[infusion gel|infusion matter]] that leaves an uncontrollable firestorm of exotic energy in its wake.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p469|Enc22|Page=469}}


===Plasma mortar===
===Plasma mortar===
The seemingly standard variant of the plasma mortar fires medium-sized blasts of superheated plasma. While it was an optional armament on the {{Pattern|Kewu Umppi'pa'|citadel turret}} during the [[Human-Covenant War]],{{Ref/Reuse|enc22p305}} it is commonly mounted on Banished vehicles, including the [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Marauder]],{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p464|Enc22|Page=464}} the [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Wraith]], and the [[Bolroci Workshop Wraith]].{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p468|Enc22|Page=468}}
The seemingly standard variant of the plasma mortar fires medium-sized blasts of superheated plasma. While it was an optional armament on the {{Pattern|Kewu Umppi'pa'|citadel turret}} during the [[Human-Covenant War]],{{Ref/Reuse|citadelturret}}{{Ref/Reuse|enc22p305}} it is primarily mounted on the [[Banished]]’s [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Marauder]].{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p464|Enc22|Page=464}}
 
===Scorch plasma mortar===
Mounted primarily on the [[Ironclad Wraith]], the scorch plasma mortar is a model of the plasma mortar that fires mortar rounds with residual energy that leaves boiling plasma on the ground after its detonation. The plasma creates a volatile and deadly crater fore within the enemy's line. The scorch plasma mortar can also be mounted on the [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Wraith Invader]].{{Ref/Reuse|enc22p469}}


===Siege plasma mortar===
===Siege plasma mortar===
The siege plasma mortar is mounted on the Covenant's stationary {{Pattern|Emp'seam|Antlion}} and its Banished successor, the [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Antlion]]. The siege plasma mortar fires a devastating volley of plasma at astonishing range, turning enemy fortifications into glassy craters.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p305|Enc22|Page=305}} The Banished variant is heavily augmented and overclocked to increase its effectiveness and range.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p481|Enc22|Page=481}}
The siege plasma mortar is mounted on the Covenant's stationary {{Pattern|Emp'seam|Antlion}} and its Banished successor, the [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Antlion]]. The siege plasma mortar fires a devastating volley of [[plasma torpedo]]es{{Ref/Game|Id=PL|HW2|Phoenix Logs|Detail=Mega Turret}} at an astonishing range, easily turning enemy fortifications into glassy craters.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p305|Enc22|Page=305}} The Banished variant is heavily augmented and overclocked to increase its effectiveness and range.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p481|Enc22|Page=481}}


===Ultra-heavy plasma mortar===
===Ultra-heavy plasma mortar===
The ultra-heavy plasma mortar is mounted on the Covenant's stationary {{Pattern|Zo'op|Weevil}}, which provides fire support over large segments of enemy-contest area.{{Ref/Reuse|enc22p305}}
The ultra-heavy plasma mortar is mounted on the Covenant's stationary {{Pattern|Zo'op|Weevil}}, which provides fire support over large segments of enemy-contested area.{{Ref/Reuse|enc22p305}}


===XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer===
===XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer===
{{Main|XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer}}
{{Main|XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer}}
The [[XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer]] is the closest equivalent to a plasma mortar employed by the [[United Nations Space Command]]. Reverse-engineered from Covenant technology, the weapon fires an artillery shell with [[fuel rod]] filler that unleashes a powerful barrage of plasma at its targets.{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p141|Enc22|Page=141}} It is mounted on prototype [[M145D Rhino]]s, which were used in at least [[2531]], when five of these were used by [[Ellen Anders|Professor Ellen Anders]] to collapse a Covenant energy shield during the [[Battle of Arcadia]].{{Ref/Level|HW|Dome of Light}}
The [[XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer]] is the closest equivalent to a plasma mortar employed by the [[United Nations Space Command]]. Reverse-engineered from Covenant technology, the weapon fires a 320mm artillery shell with [[fuel rod]] filler that unleashes a powerful barrage of plasma at its targets.{{Ref/Book|EVG|Page=155}}{{Ref/Book|Id=enc22p141|Enc22|Page=141}} It is mounted on [[M145D Rhino]] prototypes, which were used in at least [[2531]], when five of these were used by [[Ellen Anders|Professor Ellen Anders]] to collapse a Covenant energy shield during the [[Battle of Arcadia|Battle]] of [[Arcadia]].{{Ref/Level|HW|Dome of Light}}


== Production notes ==
== Production notes ==
*Plasma mortars may have been inspired by the Plasma Bugs in the film adaptation of ''[[Wikipedia:Starship Troopers (film)|Starship Troopers]]''.
*Plasma mortars may have been inspired by the Plasma Bugs in the film adaptation of ''[[Wikipedia:Starship Troopers (film)|Starship Troopers]]''.
*The [[Cut Halo Wars units#Air Artillery|Covenant Air Artillery]], a unit cut from ''Halo Wars'', would have also used three plasma mortars.
*The [[Cut Halo Wars units#Air Artillery|Covenant Air Artillery]], a unit cut from ''Halo Wars'', would have used three plasma mortars.
*Early ''Halo: Reach'' concept art by Glenn Israel featured [[Cut Halo: Reach weapons#Covenant mortar|a Covenant mortar]] held in a manner akin to the [[Brute Shot]] or {{Pattern|Pek|plasma cannon}}, or able to be deployed as a static emplacement. Some of the sketches of the weapon drew influences from the plasma mortars on Revenants and  Wraiths.{{Ref/Site|URL=https://www.instagram.com/p/BbSiLEZHgJ5/|Site=Instagram|Page=Glenn Israel|Quote=Halo Reach - Covenant mortar exploratory sketches (2009)|D=28|M=04|Y=2022}}


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Shield grenade.jpg|A blast from a {{Pattern|Zurdo|Wraith}}'s heavy plasma mortar moments before impact in ''[[Starry Night]]''.
File:Shield grenade.jpg|A blast from a {{Pattern|Zurdo|Wraith}}'s heavy plasma mortar moments before impact in ''[[Starry Night]]''.
File:SCN05 MegaTurret-screenshot.jpg|A purple blast from an {{Pattern|Emp'seam|Antlion}}'s siege plasma mortar arcing through the air in ''[[Halo Wars]]''.
File:HWDE-CitadelTurret AI.jpg|The anti-infantry variants of the ''Kewu Umppi'pa{{'}}''-pattern turrets with mounted plasma mortars in ''[[Halo Wars]]''.
File:HR GaussHog&Revenants.jpg|Two {{Pattern|Rizvum|Revenant}}s firing their medium plasma mortars at a [[M12G1 Gauss Warthog]] in ''[[Halo: Reach]]''.
File:SCN05 MegaTurret-screenshot.jpg|A blast from an {{Pattern|Emp'seam|Antlion}}'s siege plasma mortar arcing through the air in ''Halo Wars''.
File:H2A WraithsGuardingBridge.png|A {{Pattern|Muz|Wraith}} fire its heavy plasma mortar in ''[[Halo 2: Anniversary]]''.
File:HR GaussHog&Revenants.jpg|Two {{Pattern|Rizvum|Revenant}}s fire their medium plasma mortars at a [[M12G1 Gauss Warthog]] in ''[[Halo: Reach]]''.
File:HW2 Ironclad Wraith Blasted.png|A blast of an [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Marauder]]'s plasma mortar hitting a Terror Wraith in ''[[Halo Wars 2]]''.
File:H2A WraithsGuardingBridge.png|A {{Pattern|Muz|Wraith}} fires its heavy plasma mortar in ''[[Halo 2: Anniversary]]''.
File:HFR Mission 6.png|The arc of a plasma blast from a ''Muz''-pattern Wraith's heavy plasma mortar from a Wraith in ''[[Halo: Fireteam Raven]]''.
File:HW2 MarauderMortars.png|A group of [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Marauder]]s firing their plasma mortars in ''[[Halo Wars 2]]''.
File:HW2 WraithMortar.png|An [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Wraith]] firing its heavy plasma mortar in ''Halo Wars 2''.
File:HW2 MegaTurretMortars.png|Two [[Eklon'Dal Workshop Antlion]]s firing their siege plasma mortars in ''Halo Wars 2''.
File:HFR Mission 6.png|The arc of a plasma blast from a ''Muz''-pattern Wraith's heavy plasma mortar in ''[[Halo: Fireteam Raven]]''.
File:HINF-ScarrWraith.png|A [[Bolroci Workshop Wraith]] firing its heavy plasma mortar in ''[[Halo Infinite]]''.
</gallery>
</gallery>


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{{Covenant heavy weapons}}
{{Covenant heavy weapons}}
[[Category:Covenant weapons]]
[[Category:Covenant weapons]]
[[Category:Artillery]]
[[Category:Mortar]]

Latest revision as of 15:17, February 5, 2024

This article is about the ground-based plasma mortars. For the plasma mortars mounted on Covenant starships, see Plasma bombardment mortar.
An Eklon'Dal Workshop Antlion firing its siege plasma mortar.

The plasma mortar, also known as energy mortar,[1] is a classification of plasma-based artillery weapon.[2]

The plasma mortar launches shaped blast of superheated plasma, which arc in a parabolic trajectory and explode violently upon impact.[3] As with any mortar weapon, the plasma mortar serves as an excellent long range bombardment style projectile. The arching projectiles allow the operator to stay at a particular position, without the worry of having to aim projectiles around or over terrain.

Since they can be mounted on a variety of emplacements or vehicles, plasma mortars are employed similarly in a variety of roles, including anti-personnel,[4] anti-vehicle, and shelling fortifications.[2]

Known types[edit]

Burst cannon[edit]

Main article: Ra'aam-pattern burst cannon

While originally designed as a naval weapon aboard aging warships of the Sangheili, the Ra'aam-pattern burst cannon was taken by Jul 'Mdama's Covenant and repurposed as an emplaced plasma mortar.[5]

Class-2 medium plasma mortar[edit]

Main article: Class-2 medium plasma mortar

The Class-2 medium plasma mortar is mounted on the rear of the Rizvum-pattern Revenant.[6][7] While charging, the plasma blast possesses a bluish tinge, though it is red when it is fired. The weapon has a less pronounced parabolic arc than its larger counterparts.[8]

Incendiary plasma mortar[edit]

Each N'weo-pattern Gigas craft is armed with two incendiary plasma mortars, allowing the fighter-bomber to deploy incendiary carpet bombs.[9]

Infantry-deployed energy mortar[edit]

There is a Covenant infantry-deployed energy mortar.[10] These mortars require at least a trio of Unggoy to assemble on-site, but once assembled, they can generate energy shielding for protection.[11]

Heavy plasma mortar[edit]

Main article: Heavy plasma mortar
A Zurdo-pattern Wraith firing its heavy plasma mortar.

The heavy plasma mortar is the primary armament of the Wraith.[12][13] It launches a plasma blast that is typically a blue-white orb which travels slowly in the air.[3] However, upon impact, the plasma blast obliterates everything at the point of impact,[1] all the while leaving a large crater on ground in its wake.[3] The plasma mortar's main use lies in shelling and vehicular warfare,[14] but it is also fairly effective in closer engagements.[15] The heavy plasma mortar has seen numerous variations, including, but not limited to, the scorch plasma mortar on Ironclad Wraiths and an infusion-modified variant on Terror Wraiths.[16]

Plasma mortar[edit]

The seemingly standard variant of the plasma mortar fires medium-sized blasts of superheated plasma. While it was an optional armament on the Kewu Umppi'pa'-pattern citadel turret during the Human-Covenant War,[4][17] it is primarily mounted on the Banished’s Eklon'Dal Workshop Marauder.[18]

Siege plasma mortar[edit]

The siege plasma mortar is mounted on the Covenant's stationary Emp'seam-pattern Antlion and its Banished successor, the Eklon'Dal Workshop Antlion. The siege plasma mortar fires a devastating volley of plasma torpedoes[19] at an astonishing range, easily turning enemy fortifications into glassy craters.[17] The Banished variant is heavily augmented and overclocked to increase its effectiveness and range.[20]

Ultra-heavy plasma mortar[edit]

The ultra-heavy plasma mortar is mounted on the Covenant's stationary Zo'op-pattern Weevil, which provides fire support over large segments of enemy-contested area.[17]

XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer[edit]

Main article: XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer

The XM4600 Zeus plasma munition howitzer is the closest equivalent to a plasma mortar employed by the United Nations Space Command. Reverse-engineered from Covenant technology, the weapon fires a 320mm artillery shell with fuel rod filler that unleashes a powerful barrage of plasma at its targets.[21][22] It is mounted on M145D Rhino prototypes, which were used in at least 2531, when five of these were used by Professor Ellen Anders to collapse a Covenant energy shield during the Battle of Arcadia.[23]

Production notes[edit]

  • Plasma mortars may have been inspired by the Plasma Bugs in the film adaptation of Starship Troopers.
  • The Covenant Air Artillery, a unit cut from Halo Wars, would have used three plasma mortars.
  • Early Halo: Reach concept art by Glenn Israel featured a Covenant mortar held in a manner akin to the Brute Shot or Pek-pattern plasma cannon, or able to be deployed as a static emplacement. Some of the sketches of the weapon drew influences from the plasma mortars on Revenants and Wraiths.[24]

Gallery[edit]

List of appearances[edit]

Sources[edit]

  1. ^ a b Halo: First Strike, chapter 12
  2. ^ a b Halo Encyclopedia (2011 edition), page 347
  3. ^ a b c Halo: The Flood, chapter 6
  4. ^ a b Halo Wars, Covenant citadel base turret
  5. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 305
  6. ^ Halo: The Essential Visual Guide, page 154
  7. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 275
  8. ^ Halo: Reach, Revenant in-game vehicle
  9. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 289
  10. ^ Halo: Ghosts of Onyx, chapter 38
  11. ^ Halo: Ghosts of Onyx, chapter 39
  12. ^ Halo 4: The Essential Visual Guide, page 117, 228
  13. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 274
  14. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2011 edition), page 257
  15. ^ Halo Waypoint, Wraith (Retrieved on May 11, 2021) [archive]
  16. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 469
  17. ^ a b c Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 305
  18. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 464
  19. ^ Halo Wars 2, Phoenix Logs: Mega Turret
  20. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 481
  21. ^ Halo: The Essential Visual Guide, page 155
  22. ^ Halo Encyclopedia (2022 edition), page 141
  23. ^ Halo Wars, campaign level Dome of Light
  24. ^ Instagram, Glenn Israel: "Halo Reach - Covenant mortar exploratory sketches (2009)" (Retrieved on Apr 28, 2022) [archive]