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{{Status|RealWorld}} | {{Status|RealWorld}} | ||
{{#widget:YouTube|id=bnJ0Y4So_Cc|width=400|right}} | {{#widget:YouTube|id=bnJ0Y4So_Cc|width=400|right}} | ||
'''Sangheili''' is a constructed language created for the ''[[Halo: The Television Series]]'' co-created by | '''Sangheili''' is a constructed language created for the ''[[Halo: The Television Series]]'' co-created by linguist [[Wikipedia:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]], known for the Dothraki and Valyrian languages used in ''Game of Thrones'' and the Chakobsa language in ''Dune'' (''Parts 1 & 2''){{Ref/Twitter|k_wolfkill|1507493397807788032|Kiki Wolfkill|Quote=@CharlieBMurphy literally learned an entire new language and performed beautifully in that language. Unreal. Language created by David Peterson who created Dothraki for GoT #HaloWatchParty|D=25|M=03|Y=2022}}, and language creator Carl Buck.{{Ref/Twitter|tlacamazatl|1506947170490060800|C. Buck|Quote=If you have #ParamountPlus, are a fan of #HaloSeries , and enjoy a good #conlang. You might be interested to know that I helped @Dedalvs develop the language for the Covenant.|D=6|M=04|Y=2022}} Nearly three years before the series premiere, both conlangers began jointly developing a fleshed-out version of the fictional [[Sangheili (language)|Sangheili language]] from the ''[[Halo]]'' universe.{{Ref/Site|URL=https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287|Site=Archive of Our Own|Page=Conlang Dialogue: Halo (Paramount+)|D=17|M=06|Y=2024}} By early [[2022]], Carl Buck estimated they had crafted close to 250 Sangheili words, those being base words and not variations of verbs and nouns. Actress [[Wikipedia:Charlie Murphy (actress)|Charlie Murphy]] learned to speak Sangheili for her role as [[Makee]] on the show and was noted to have done a phenomenal job capturing the emphasis, pitch and pronunciations of the alien language.{{Ref/YouTube|Id=S101|bnJ0Y4So_Cc|Halo The Series|Learn To Speak Sangheili|Y=2023|M=8|D=28}} | ||
Peterson posts transcripts for the words and their translations on his [https://wiki.languageinvention.com/index.php?title=Sangheili_language language wiki], as well as in a series of posts on ''Archive of Our Own'', accessible [https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287 here]. See also [https://dedalvs.com/work/halo/ David Peterson's records here] and his additional informative [https://www.halopedia.org/Archive:Twitter_-_David_J._Peterson_Sangheili_primer Tweets archived here]. | Peterson posts transcripts for the words and their translations on his [https://wiki.languageinvention.com/index.php?title=Sangheili_language language wiki], as well as in a series of posts on ''Archive of Our Own'', accessible [https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287 here]. See also [https://dedalvs.com/work/halo/ David Peterson's records here] and his additional informative [https://www.halopedia.org/Archive:Twitter_-_David_J._Peterson_Sangheili_primer Tweets archived here]. | ||
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:→ '''K'uucho o <u>ruuk'inatan</u> domo''' — ''"the human <u>whom</u> the warrior <u>attacked</u>"'' | :→ '''K'uucho o <u>ruuk'inatan</u> domo''' — ''"the human <u>whom</u> the warrior <u>attacked</u>"'' | ||
===<u>Head-directionality</u>=== | |||
Sangheili is a head-final language, meaning everything comes first while the main head verb (the most important component of a phrase that determines the type of phrase) is relegated to the very end, hence ''head-final''. | |||
:English: | |||
::'''<u>I won't let</u> you take the holy relic.''' | |||
:English (''head-final''): | |||
::'''You holy relic take <u>I will-not-allow</u>.''' | |||
:Sangheili: | |||
::'''K'e o qkhado kheluuga ch'imo <u>jan o t'iswaqkhijaga</u>.''' | |||
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!Ergative | !Ergative | ||
| o | | o | ||
| Used after a noun to mark it as the subject of a transitive verb (a verb that | | Used after a noun to mark it as the subject of a transitive verb (a verb that can accept one or more objects). | ||
|-style="text-align: center | |-style="text-align: center | ||
!Illative | !Illative | ||
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*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> zhuro'' - would be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would presumably mean the weapon is one the warrior owns. | *''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> zhuro'' - would be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would presumably mean the weapon is one the warrior owns. | ||
*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">ni</span></div> zhuro'' - would also be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">ON</span></div> the warrior". This would imply | *''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">ni</span></div> zhuro'' - would also be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">ON</span></div> the warrior". This would imply the weapon nearby is one the warrior just picked up or happened to have. | ||
*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> nejo <span style="color:orange">ga</span></div> zhuro'' - "the weapon <span style="color:orange">FROM</span></div> the father <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would indicate that the warrior has their father's weapon. | *''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> nejo <span style="color:orange">ga</span></div> zhuro'' - "the weapon <span style="color:orange">FROM</span></div> the father <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would indicate that the warrior has their father's weapon. | ||
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| '''Ze''' | | '''Ze''' | ||
| and (used to coordinate adjectives) | | and (used to coordinate adjectives) | ||
|} | |||
===<u>Numerals</u>=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Sangheili Numerals | |||
! Cardinal Numbers !! Ordinal Numbers | |||
|- | |||
| '''1''' - Ju || '''1st''' - Jungo | |||
|- | |||
| '''2''' - K'ung || '''2nd''' - K'ungo | |||
|- | |||
| '''3''' - Ch'i || '''3rd''' - Ch'ingo | |||
|- | |||
| '''4''' - Nan || '''4th''' - Nango | |||
|- | |||
| '''5''' - Ros || '''5th''' - Rongo | |||
|- | |||
| '''6''' - Ghu || '''6th''' - Ghungo | |||
|- | |||
| '''7''' - Dzon || '''7th''' - Dzongo | |||
|- | |||
| '''8''' - Shan || '''8th''' - Shango | |||
|- | |||
| '''9''' - Jushan || '''9th''' - Jushango | |||
|- | |||
| '''10''' - K'ushan || '''10th''' - K'ushango | |||
|- | |||
| '''11''' - Ch'ishan || '''11th''' - Ch'ishango | |||
|- | |||
| '''12''' - Nanshan || '''12th''' - Nanshango | |||
|- | |||
| '''13''' - Roshan || '''13th''' - Roshango | |||
|- | |||
| '''14''' - Ghushan || '''14th''' - Ghushango | |||
|- | |||
| '''15''' - Dzonshan || '''15th''' - Dzonshango | |||
|} | |} | ||
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| Jan o moa ba ngani rotkho *p'onji. || I will eat a [[moa]] burger. ''or'' I will eat moa flesh.{{Ref/Reuse|Id=S101}} | | Jan o moa ba ngani rotkho *p'onji. || I will eat a [[moa]] burger. ''or'' I will eat moa flesh.{{Ref/Reuse|Id=S101}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Qkhe p'os | | Qkhe p'os, Sugakho. || Oh shit, [[Needler]]. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Yodu Shandi ni Ch'awaruut'u ba pumo jayajaga. || Soon the Covenant will begin it's Great Journey. (Soon the start of the Covenant's Great Journey will come.) | | Yodu Shandi ni Ch'awaruut'u ba pumo jayajaga. || Soon the Covenant will begin it's Great Journey. (Soon the start of the Covenant's Great Journey will come.) | ||
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===A=== | ===A=== | ||
*''aamu'' : | *''a'' : (''v.'') to move | ||
**''a'a'' : (Reduplicative Form) | |||
**''aaya'' : do not move | |||
*''aamu'' : (''n.'') god, deity | |||
*''aba'' : ❶ [indefinite singular pronoun] : anything, anyone, anybody — ❷ [indefinite singular pronoun] : something, someone, somebody | *''aba'' : ❶ [indefinite singular pronoun] : anything, anyone, anybody — ❷ [indefinite singular pronoun] : something, someone, somebody | ||
*'' | *''akhe'' : (''n.'') hand | ||
*''atkha'' : [distal demonstrative singular pronoun] : that, that one | *''atkha'' : [distal demonstrative singular pronoun] : that, that one | ||
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*''baat'u'' : safety | *''baat'u'' : safety | ||
*''baazhi'' : before, prior | *''baazhi'' : before, prior | ||
*''baghet'o'' : (''n.'') dagger, [[energy dagger]] | |||
*''baghiit'u'' : ignorance | *''baghiit'u'' : ignorance | ||
*''bak'ontu'' : justice, righteousness | *''bak'ontu'' : justice, righteousness | ||
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*''banghaina'' : (''v.'') to sense, to detect, to perceive (derived from the verb: ghaina) | *''banghaina'' : (''v.'') to sense, to detect, to perceive (derived from the verb: ghaina) | ||
*''bank'utkho'' : (''v.'') to defend, to resist (derived from k'utkho, bank'utkho literally means "to fight with the back" and by metaph. extension, "to fight back") | *''bank'utkho'' : (''v.'') to defend, to resist (derived from k'utkho, bank'utkho literally means "to fight with the back" and by metaph. extension, "to fight back") | ||
*''baqkhat'a'' : shield, | *''baqkhat'a'' : shield, defense; (''v.'') to shield, to shelter (derived from the verb: qkhat'a) | ||
*''Baro'' : (''prop.n.'') A male given name. Latinized as Var. — '''Baro Gat'anai''' | *''Baro'' : (''prop.n.'') A male given name. Latinized as Var. — '''Baro Gat'anai''' | ||
*''bats'a'' : (''v.'') to bind, to be bound | *''bats'a'' : (''v.'') to bind, to be bound | ||
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*''bit'a'' : (''v.'') to bear, to carry, to hold | *''bit'a'' : (''v.'') to bear, to carry, to hold | ||
*''bit'agha'' : container, carrier, vessel | *''bit'agha'' : container, carrier, vessel | ||
*''bojo'' : mother | *''bojo'' : mother | ||
*''Buulo Ch'awaat'u'' : (''prop.n.'') [[High Charity]] | *''Buulo Ch'awaat'u'' : (''prop.n.'') [[High Charity]] | ||
===C=== | ===C=== | ||
*''ch'aamosik'o'' : (''v.'') to better understand, to comprehend (derived from the verb: mosik'o) | *''ch'aamosik'o'' : (''v.'') to better understand, to comprehend (derived from the verb: mosik'o) | ||
*''ch'adomo'' : spartan | *''ch'adomo'' : spartan | ||
*''ch'adonu'' : (''v.'') to notice, to pay attention (derived from the verb: donu) | *''ch'adonu'' : (''v.'') to notice, to pay attention (derived from the verb: donu) | ||
*''ch'adzuma'' : dangerous | *''ch'adzuma'' : dangerous | ||
*''ch'amaaro'' : (''v.'') to look at, to glance at (derived from the verb: maaro) | *''ch'amaaro'' : (''v.'') to look at, to glance at (derived from the verb: maaro) | ||
*''ch'ambuujo'' : hierarch | *''ch'ambuujo'' : hierarch | ||
*''ch'ana'' : (''v.'') to read | *''ch'ana'' : (''v.'') to read | ||
*''ch'anaani'' : pillar | *''ch'anaani'' : pillar | ||
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*''ch'anghutkho'' : combat, skirmish | *''ch'anghutkho'' : combat, skirmish | ||
*''ch'anik'o'' : (''v.'') to see | *''ch'anik'o'' : (''v.'') to see | ||
*''ch'ano'' : head | *''ch'ano'' : (''n.'') head | ||
*''ch'anopkho'' : (''v.'') to atone, to redeem a fault (derived from the verb: opkho) | *''ch'anopkho'' : (''v.'') to atone, to redeem a fault (derived from the verb: opkho) | ||
*''ch'anopkhuutu'' : redemption | *''ch'anopkhuutu'' : atonement, redemption | ||
*''ch'anoq'o'' : great nobility | *''ch'anoq'o'' : great nobility | ||
*''ch'anqi'' : extinction | *''ch'anqi'' : extinction | ||
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**''chkhaaja'a'' : (Reduplicative Form) | **''chkhaaja'a'' : (Reduplicative Form) | ||
*''Chkhaa pkha!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) expresses contempt : ''"Fuck you!"'' | *''Chkhaa pkha!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) expresses contempt : ''"Fuck you!"'' | ||
*''chkhan'' : all, | *''chkhan'' : all, everyone | ||
**''chkhan ba'' : all by | **''chkhan ba'' : all by | ||
**''chkhan ni'' : over all | **''chkhan ni'' : over all | ||
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*''diibe'' : place, where (conjunction), in / to a place, at / from which (See also: ghaadi) | *''diibe'' : place, where (conjunction), in / to a place, at / from which (See also: ghaadi) | ||
*''dokkhat'u'' : kindness | *''dokkhat'u'' : kindness | ||
*''domo'' : human | *''domo'' : human | ||
*''donu'' : (''v.'') to rotate, to twist, to turn around | *''donu'' : (''v.'') to rotate, to twist, to turn around | ||
**''daadonu'' : (Reduplicative Form) | **''daadonu'' : (Reduplicative Form) | ||
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*''dzumu'' : (''v.'') to be sharp | *''dzumu'' : (''v.'') to be sharp | ||
*''dzuqkhost'u'' : treachery | *''dzuqkhost'u'' : treachery | ||
*''dzuro'' : circumstance, condition | *''dzuro'' : (''n.'') situation, status, circumstance, condition | ||
*''dzushkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to aim, to target (derived from the verb: shkhop'o) | *''dzushkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to aim, to target (derived from the verb: shkhop'o) | ||
*''dzushkhoomo'' : target | *''dzushkhoomo'' : target | ||
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*''ema'' : (''v.'') to mount, to get on | *''ema'' : (''v.'') to mount, to get on | ||
**''aamema'' : (Reduplicative Form) | **''aamema'' : (Reduplicative Form) | ||
*''et'o'' : | *''et'o'' : (''n.'') blade, sword, [[energy sword]] | ||
*''et'ojo'' : | *''et'ojo'' : (''n.'') swordsman, swordswoman | ||
*''eya'' : no, or to negate something (if added at end of a verb) | *''eya'' : no, or to negate something (if added at end of a verb) | ||
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*''ga'' : [postposition] : from, away from (ablative) ; of (genitive) | *''ga'' : [postposition] : from, away from (ablative) ; of (genitive) | ||
*''gadi'' : lower mandible | *''gadi'' : lower mandible | ||
*''gaibaat'u'' : fortune | *''gaibaat'u'' : fortune | ||
*''gaibakha'' : (''v.'') to happen, to occur, to befall (derived from the verb: bakha) | *''gaibakha'' : (''v.'') to happen, to occur, to befall (derived from the verb: bakha) | ||
*''gaich'in'' : (''v.'') to be wrong (derived from the verb: ch'in) | *''gaich'in'' : (''v.'') to be wrong (derived from the verb: ch'in) | ||
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*''gaimaaro'' : (''v.'') to hope, to hope for, to expect (derived from the verb: maaro) | *''gaimaaro'' : (''v.'') to hope, to hope for, to expect (derived from the verb: maaro) | ||
*''gaiwarut'o'' : (''v.'') to become lost, to be astray (derived from the verb: warut'o) | *''gaiwarut'o'' : (''v.'') to become lost, to be astray (derived from the verb: warut'o) | ||
*''gakha'' : | *''gakha'' : rock, stone | ||
*''gawaacho'' : ones who make sacrifices or present offerings, priest(s) | *''gawaacho'' : ones who make sacrifices or present offerings, priest(s) | ||
*''gawaaka'' : sacrifice, offering | *''gawaaka'' : sacrifice, offering | ||
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*''ghashank'o'' : demon, monster | *''ghashank'o'' : demon, monster | ||
**''baghashank'o'' : little demon, imp | **''baghashank'o'' : little demon, imp | ||
*''ghat'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to hesitate, to | *''ghat'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to hesitate, to waver, to dither (derived from the verb: t'iiwa) | ||
**''ghat'iidiwa'' : (Reduplicative Form) | |||
**''ghat'iiweya'' : do not hesitate | **''ghat'iiweya'' : do not hesitate | ||
*''ghats'aha'' : (''v.'') to be situated, to lie in place, to remain (derived from the verb: ts'aha) | *''ghats'aha'' : (''v.'') to be situated, to lie in place, to remain (derived from the verb: ts'aha) | ||
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*''guro'' : (''v.'') to want, to desire, to wish | *''guro'' : (''v.'') to want, to desire, to wish | ||
*''guujo'' : ones who guide | *''guujo'' : ones who guide | ||
*''guulo'' : master | *''guulo'' : master | ||
*''gwigha'' : direction, instruction, orders | *''gwigha'' : direction, instruction, orders | ||
*''gwis'' : (''v.'') to direct, to instruct, to lead, to order | *''gwis'' : (''v.'') to direct, to instruct, to lead, to order | ||
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*''haala'' : strong | *''haala'' : strong | ||
**''haali'' : stronger | **''haali'' : stronger | ||
*''haanga'' : kind, | *''haanga'' : (''n.'') kind, person, people (particularly a being of Sangheili physiology) | ||
*''haat'u'' : ability | *''haat'u'' : ability | ||
*''haazhi'' : once, as soon as | *''haazhi'' : once, as soon as | ||
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**''iik'uya'' : know not | **''iik'uya'' : know not | ||
*''iit'u'' : information, knowledge | *''iit'u'' : information, knowledge | ||
*''ik'o'' : eye | *''ik'o'' : eye | ||
*''ikhi'' : now, presently | *''ikhi'' : now, presently | ||
**''ikhi baazhi'' : previously | **''ikhi baazhi'' : previously | ||
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**''jejaya'' : (Reduplicative Form) | **''jejaya'' : (Reduplicative Form) | ||
**''jayaleya'' : can not arrive | **''jayaleya'' : can not arrive | ||
*''jiha'' : (''n.'') moon, month | |||
*''ju'' : one | *''ju'' : one | ||
*''juq'u'' : (''v.'') to make or become one, to join, to unite | *''juq'u'' : (''v.'') to make or become one, to join, to unite | ||
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*''juudonu'' : (''v.'') to flank (derived from the verb: donu) | *''juudonu'' : (''v.'') to flank (derived from the verb: donu) | ||
*''juukhawa'' : (''v.'') to claim, to declare, to profess (derived from the verb: khawa) | *''juukhawa'' : (''v.'') to claim, to declare, to profess (derived from the verb: khawa) | ||
*''juukhojo'' : ones who prophesy, prophet | *''juukhojo'' : ones who prophesy, prophet | ||
*''juukhot'u'' : prophecy | *''juukhot'u'' : prophecy | ||
*''juuluumo'' : legacy | *''juuluumo'' : legacy | ||
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*''juutkhoma'' : (''v.'') to defeat, to vanquish | *''juutkhoma'' : (''v.'') to defeat, to vanquish | ||
*''juutkhaat'u'' : defeat | *''juutkhaat'u'' : defeat | ||
*''juut'iya'' : (''v.'') to survive, to thrive (derived from the verb: t'iya) | |||
**''juut'iidiya'' : (Reduplicative Form) | |||
**''juut'ijeya'' do not survive | |||
===K=== | ===K=== | ||
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*''k'unjo'' : another, others, the rest | *''k'unjo'' : another, others, the rest | ||
*''k'utkho'' : (''v.'') to fight | *''k'utkho'' : (''v.'') to fight | ||
*''k'uucho'' : ones who fight, warrior | *''k'uucho'' : ones who fight, warrior, soldier | ||
*''khaayagha'' : profit, benefit | *''khaayagha'' : profit, benefit | ||
*''khaayajo'' : someone of worth, value, or importance | *''khaayajo'' : someone of worth, value, or importance | ||
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*''khobuugha'' : gun, firearm | *''khobuugha'' : gun, firearm | ||
*''khoya'' : wise | *''khoya'' : wise | ||
*''khuut'a'' : | *''khuut'a'' : brood-mate (born of the same parents, sibling, fellow citizen, compatriot) | ||
*''khuzho'' : [Reflexive Pronoun] : one's self; myself, yourself, themselves, itself | *''khuzho'' : [Reflexive Pronoun] : one's self; myself, yourself, themselves, itself | ||
*''kkhaaya'' : (''v.'') to be worthy, to have value, to matter | *''kkhaaya'' : (''v.'') to be worthy, to have value, to matter | ||
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===L=== | ===L=== | ||
*''la'ajo'' : twin, partner, counterpart | *''la'a'' : (''n.'') egg | ||
*''la'ajo'' : (''n.'') twin, partner, counterpart | |||
*''lakhi'' : (''v.'') to rise up, to ascend | *''lakhi'' : (''v.'') to rise up, to ascend | ||
*''loshkho'' : (''v.'') to show | *''loshkho'' : (''v.'') to show | ||
**''loloshkho'' : (Reduplicative Form) is revealing | **''loloshkho'' : (Reduplicative Form) is revealing | ||
*''luk'a'' : spear | *''luk'a'' : (''n.'') spear | ||
*''luuka'' : blood | *''luuka'' : (''n.'') blood | ||
===M=== | ===M=== | ||
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*''maskhit'u'' : temper | *''maskhit'u'' : temper | ||
*''matkha'' : (''v.'') to kill, to slay | *''matkha'' : (''v.'') to kill, to slay | ||
**''matkhaya'' : do not kill | **''matkhaya'' : do not kill | ||
*''me'' : [postposition] : in, inside, inside of (inessive) ; of (genitive) | *''me'' : [postposition] : in, inside, inside of (inessive) ; of (genitive) | ||
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*''mep'uuka'' : interrogation; (''v.'') to interrogate, to inquire (derived from the verb: p'uuka) | *''mep'uuka'' : interrogation; (''v.'') to interrogate, to inquire (derived from the verb: p'uuka) | ||
*''mobakha'' : (''v.'') to realize, to acknowledge (derived from the verb: bakha) | *''mobakha'' : (''v.'') to realize, to acknowledge (derived from the verb: bakha) | ||
*''mobaat'u'' : revelation | *''mobaat'u'' : (''n.'') realization, revelation, epiphany | ||
*''mobit'a'' : (''v.'') to remind (derived from the verb: bit'a) | *''mobit'a'' : (''v.'') to remind (derived from the verb: bit'a) | ||
*''moduje'' : (''v.'') to lose track of, to have lost (derived from the verb: duje) | *''moduje'' : (''v.'') to lose track of, to have lost (derived from the verb: duje) | ||
*''mogha'' : | *''mogha'' : wave, surge | ||
*''mojaya'' : (''v.'') to remember (derived from the verb: jaya) | *''mojaya'' : (''v.'') to remember (derived from the verb: jaya) | ||
*''moq'aara'' : (''v.'') to have faith, to be pious or devout (derived from the verb: q'aara) | *''moq'aara'' : (''v.'') to have faith, to be pious or devout (derived from the verb: q'aara) | ||
*''moq'aajo'' : ones who have zealous faith, zealot(s) | *''moq'aajo'' : ones who have zealous faith, zealot(s) | ||
*''moq'aatu'' : faith | *''moq'aatu'' : faith | ||
*''mos'' : brain, mind | *''mos'' : (''n.'') brain, mind | ||
**''me mos ba'' : like, as, just as | **''me mos ba'' : like, as, just as | ||
*''moshkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to indicate (derived from the verb: shkhop'o) | *''moshkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to indicate (derived from the verb: shkhop'o) | ||
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**''nenaya'' : (Reduplicative Form) were fertilizing | **''nenaya'' : (Reduplicative Form) were fertilizing | ||
*''ne'' : [proximal demonstrative determiner] : this | *''ne'' : [proximal demonstrative determiner] : this | ||
*''nejo'' : father | *''nejo'' : father | ||
*''nga'' : nothing, without, absent | *''nga'' : nothing, without, absent | ||
*''ngajo'' : [negative pronoun] : nobody, no one, none | *''ngajo'' : [negative pronoun] : nobody, no one, none | ||
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*''ni'' : [postposition] : at, on, near (adessive) ; of (genitive) | *''ni'' : [postposition] : at, on, near (adessive) ; of (genitive) | ||
*''niri'' : [proximal demonstrative plural pronoun] : these, these ones | *''niri'' : [proximal demonstrative plural pronoun] : these, these ones | ||
*''nizhan'' : (''adv.'') today | |||
*''nizhi'' : and (when used to coordinate nouns and sentences: also, in addition, about, as well) (See also: ze) | *''nizhi'' : and (when used to coordinate nouns and sentences: also, in addition, about, as well) (See also: ze) | ||
*''nuju'' : (''v.'') to be weak, cowardly, pathethic | *''nuju'' : (''v.'') to be weak, cowardly, pathethic | ||
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*''oq'oqu'' : (''v.'') to render honor to something | *''oq'oqu'' : (''v.'') to render honor to something | ||
*''oq'otu'' : glory, honor | *''oq'otu'' : glory, honor | ||
*''oq'ogakha'' : | *''oq'ogakha'' : (''n.'') [[keystone]], sacred stones | ||
*''ot'a'' : (''v.'') to suffer, to endure | *''ot'a'' : (''v.'') to suffer, to endure | ||
**''ot'oza'' : (Reduplicative Form) | **''ot'oza'' : (Reduplicative Form) | ||
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*''qkhado'' : holy, sacred | *''qkhado'' : holy, sacred | ||
*''qkhadomo'' : divine beyond | *''qkhadomo'' : divine beyond | ||
*''qkhan'' : enemy | *''qkhan'' : enemy | ||
*''qkhat'a'' : (''v.'') to defend, to guard, to protect | *''qkhat'a'' : (''v.'') to defend, to guard, to protect | ||
*''qkhe'' : (''intj.'') oh | *''qkhe'' : (''intj.'') oh | ||
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===R=== | ===R=== | ||
*''raas'' : (''n.'') sky | |||
*''Raas Kkhotskha'' : (''prop.n.'') A name of a Sangheili planet. | *''Raas Kkhotskha'' : (''prop.n.'') A name of a Sangheili planet. | ||
*''rasq'u'' : (''v.'') to knock down, to cause to fall | *''rasq'u'' : (''v.'') to knock down, to cause to fall | ||
*''Riich'e'' : (''prop.n.'') [[Reach]] | *''Riich'e'' : (''prop.n.'') [[Reach]] | ||
*''riikhe'' : crowd, group | *''riikhe'' : (''n.'') crowd, collection, group | ||
**''riikhe ni'' : together, all together | **''riikhe ni'' : together, all together | ||
**''riikhe oni'' : regroup, rally together | **''riikhe oni'' : regroup, rally together | ||
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*''riin'' : [first-person plural pronoun] : we, us, ourselves (inclusive of you) | *''riin'' : [first-person plural pronoun] : we, us, ourselves (inclusive of you) | ||
*''rojo'' : pet | *''rojo'' : pet | ||
*''rotkho'' : flesh, skin, hide | *''rotkho'' : (''n.'') flesh, skin, hide | ||
*''rube'' : ground, soil, earth | *''rube'' : (''n.'') ground, soil, earth | ||
*''ruq'a'' : fire, flame | *''ruq'a'' : (''n.'') fire, flame | ||
*''ruq'aara'' : (''v.'') to anoint, to sanctify (derived from the verb: q'aara) | *''ruq'aara'' : (''v.'') to anoint, to sanctify (derived from the verb: q'aara) | ||
*''ruq'echkha'' : (''v.'') to burn, to shine, to illuminate | *''ruq'echkha'' : (''v.'') to burn, to shine, to illuminate | ||
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*''ruuq'ontu'' : reeducation | *''ruuq'ontu'' : reeducation | ||
*''ruuq'uuka'' : punishment, chastisement | *''ruuq'uuka'' : punishment, chastisement | ||
*''ruut'iya'' : (''v.'') to | *''ruut'iya'' : (''v.'') to be active, to be online (derived from the verb: t'iya) | ||
**''ruut'iidiya'' : (Reduplicative Form) | |||
**''ruut'ijeya'' : not be active | |||
*''ruut'sage'' : (''v.'') to light, to kindle, to ignite, to set fire to (derived from the verb: ts'age) | *''ruut'sage'' : (''v.'') to light, to kindle, to ignite, to set fire to (derived from the verb: ts'age) | ||
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*''shkhoot'u'' : sign, signal | *''shkhoot'u'' : sign, signal | ||
*''shkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to mark, to point | *''shkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to mark, to point | ||
*''Suban'' : (''prop.n.'') [[Suban]], a moon orbiting Sanghelios. | |||
*''sugakho'' : (''n.'') [[needler]] (SuGaKho is an acronym that stands for ''"suban gakha khobuugha"'' meaning ''[[Kemuksuru|subanese stone]] gun'') | |||
*''suung'' : heart | *''suung'' : heart | ||
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*''t'ighaina'' : (''v.'') to hear and understand, to read one another (derived from the verb: ghaina) | *''t'ighaina'' : (''v.'') to hear and understand, to read one another (derived from the verb: ghaina) | ||
*''t'iis'' : word | *''t'iis'' : word | ||
*''t'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to doubt, to | *''t'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to doubt, to misbelieve, to suspect | ||
**''t'iidiwa'' : (Reduplicative Form) | |||
**''t'iiweya'' : doubt not | **''t'iiweya'' : doubt not | ||
*''t'iiwajo'' : ones who doubt, | *''t'iiwajo'' : ones who doubt, heathen, pagan, heretic, apostate, infidel | ||
*''t'ik'utkho'' : (''v.'') to argue, to dispute (derived from the verb: k'utkho) | *''t'ik'utkho'' : (''v.'') to argue, to dispute (derived from the verb: k'utkho) | ||
*''t'ikhawa'' : (''v.'') to speak, to chat (derived from the verb: khawa) | *''t'ikhawa'' : (''v.'') to speak, to chat (derived from the verb: khawa) | ||
*''t'ikhori'' : communications | *''t'ikhori'' : communications | ||
*''t'iloshkho'' : (''v.'') to inform, to tell, to say to (derived from the verb: loshkho) | *''t'iloshkho'' : (''v.'') to inform, to tell, to say to (derived from the verb: loshkho) | ||
*''t'injuqkhuujo'' : arbiter | *''t'injuqkhuujo'' : [[arbiter]] | ||
*''t'ipekkha'' : (''v.'') to suggest, to propose (derived from the verb: p'ekkha) | *''t'ipekkha'' : (''v.'') to suggest, to propose (derived from the verb: p'ekkha) | ||
*''t'ishkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to accuse, to blame (derived from the verb: shkhop'o) | *''t'ishkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to accuse, to blame (derived from the verb: shkhop'o) | ||
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*''t'isqukho'' : (''v.'') to release, to let loose, to unleash | *''t'isqukho'' : (''v.'') to release, to let loose, to unleash | ||
*''t'iswaqkho'' : (''v.'') to permit, to allow, to sanction (derived from the verb: waqkho) | *''t'iswaqkho'' : (''v.'') to permit, to allow, to sanction (derived from the verb: waqkho) | ||
*''t'iya'' : (''v.'') to live, to be alive, to | *''t'iya'' : (''v.'') to live, to be alive, to be living | ||
*''t'iyaq'u'' : (''v.'') to bring to life, to make | **''t'iidiya'' : (Reduplicative Form) | ||
*''t'iyat'u'' : life | **''t'ijeya'' : do not live | ||
*''t'iyaq'u'' : (''v.'') to bring to life, to make live, to energize | |||
**''t'iidiyaq'u'' : (Reduplicative Form) | |||
**''t'iq'weya'' : not bring to life | |||
*''t'iyat'u'' : life, existence | |||
*''t'ongu'' : (''v.'') to meet | *''t'ongu'' : (''v.'') to meet | ||
**''t'odongu'' : (Reduplicated Form) | **''t'odongu'' : (Reduplicated Form) | ||
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*''tkhahana'' : (''v.'') to finish, to conclude, to end something | *''tkhahana'' : (''v.'') to finish, to conclude, to end something | ||
*''tkhazhi'' : then, and then | *''tkhazhi'' : then, and then | ||
*''tkhet'a'' : | *''tkhet'a'' : ❶ nest (place where eggs are kept) — ❷ people, group, species (specifically one's own) | ||
**''tkhet'a ga'' : please (directly translating to ''"Of the people"'' or ''"For the people"'') | **''tkhet'a ga'' : please (directly translating to ''"Of the people"'' or ''"For the people"'') | ||
**''Tkhet'a ghap'awatan!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) (literally meaning ''"a stomped nest"'') expresses a misfortune or unfortunate circumstances : ''"Shit out of luck!"'' | **''Tkhet'a ghap'awatan!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) (literally meaning ''"a stomped nest"'') expresses a misfortune or unfortunate circumstances : ''"Shit out of luck!"'' | ||
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*''tkhunga'' : (''v.'') to send, to deliver | *''tkhunga'' : (''v.'') to send, to deliver | ||
*''tkhungat'u'' : deliverance, herald | *''tkhungat'u'' : deliverance, herald | ||
*''tkhuyujo'' : ancients, forerunner | *''tkhuyujo'' : ancients, forerunner | ||
*''ts'aha'' : (''v.'') to be at, to be in proximity | *''ts'aha'' : (''v.'') to be at, to be in proximity | ||
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**''zaazaya'' : (Reduplicative Form) were expanding | **''zaazaya'' : (Reduplicative Form) were expanding | ||
*''ze'' : and (when used to coordinate adjectives) (See also: nizhi) | *''ze'' : and (when used to coordinate adjectives) (See also: nizhi) | ||
*''zhaan'' : day | *''zhan'' <small>or</small> ''zhaan'' : (''n.'') day, date, day of the month | ||
*''zhi'' : [postposition] : into, in (illative) ; of (genitive) | *''zhi'' : [postposition] : into, in (illative) ; of (genitive) | ||
*''zhiiqo'' : time | *''zhiiqo'' : time | ||
*''zhuro'' : weapon | *''zhuro'' : weapon | ||
*''zo'' : [medial demonstrative determiner] : that | *''zo'' : [medial demonstrative determiner] : that | ||
*''zuri'' : [medial demonstrative plural pronoun] : those, those ones | *''zuri'' : [medial demonstrative plural pronoun] : those, those ones | ||
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*''q'iskhe'' : (''v.'') to appear intact, to be whole/complete | *''q'iskhe'' : (''v.'') to appear intact, to be whole/complete | ||
*''res'' : to die | *''res'' : to die | ||
*''ruubaabaacho'' : intruder | *''ruubaabaacho'' : intruder | ||
*''ts'age'' : (''v.'') to glow, to shine | *''ts'age'' : (''v.'') to glow, to shine | ||
*''ts'ekhe'' : (''n.'') ease, easiness, facility | *''ts'ekhe'' : (''n.'') ease, easiness, facility | ||
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*''zhiija'' : appropriately, rightly, suitably | *''zhiija'' : appropriately, rightly, suitably | ||
=== | ===Undetermined=== | ||
*''bajan'' : | *''bajan'' : | ||
*''ghabaat'u'' : | *''ghabaat'u'' : | ||
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*''shkhis'' : | *''shkhis'' : | ||
*''skhire'' : | *''skhire'' : | ||
*''welatanq'u'' : | *''welatanq'u'' : | ||
*''yojo'' : | *''yojo'' : | ||
*''zhuyajuri'' : | *''zhuyajuri'' : | ||
*''zwari'' : | *''zwari'' : | ||
==Sources== | ==Sources== |
edits