Sangheili (language)/Silver: Difference between revisions

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{{Status|RealWorld}}
{{Status|RealWorld}}
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'''Sangheili''' is a constructed language created for the ''[[Halo: The Television Series]]'' co-created by linguists [[Wikipedia:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]], known for the Dothraki and Valyrian languages used in ''Game of Thrones'' and Chakobsa language in ''Dune'' (''Parts 1 & 2''){{Ref/Twitter|k_wolfkill|1507493397807788032|Kiki Wolfkill|Quote=@CharlieBMurphy literally learned an entire new language and performed beautifully in that language.  Unreal. Language created by David Peterson who created Dothraki for GoT #HaloWatchParty|D=25|M=03|Y=2022}}, and Carl Buck.{{Ref/Twitter|tlacamazatl|1506947170490060800|C. Buck|Quote=If you have #ParamountPlus, are a fan of #HaloSeries , and enjoy a good #conlang. You might be interested to know that I helped @Dedalvs develop the language for the Covenant.|D=6|M=04|Y=2022}} Nearly three years before the series premiere, both conlangers began jointly developing a fleshed-out version of the fictional [[Sangheili (language)|Sangheili language]] from the ''[[Halo]]'' universe.{{Ref/Site|URL=https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287|Site=Archive of Our Own|Page=Conlang Dialogue: Halo (Paramount+)|D=17|M=06|Y=2024}} By early [[2022]], Carl Buck estimated they had crafted close to 250 Sangheili words, those being base words and not variations of verbs and nouns. Actress [[Wikipedia:Charlie Murphy (actress)|Charlie Murphy]] learned to speak Sangheili for her role as [[Makee]] on the show and was noted to have done a phenomenal job capturing the emphasis, pitch and pronunciations of the alien language.{{Ref/YouTube|Id=S101|bnJ0Y4So_Cc|Halo The Series|Learn To Speak Sangheili|Y=2023|M=8|D=28}}
'''Sangheili''' is a constructed language created for the ''[[Halo: The Television Series]]'' co-created by linguist [[Wikipedia:David J. Peterson|David J. Peterson]], known for the Dothraki and Valyrian languages used in ''Game of Thrones'' and the Chakobsa language in ''Dune'' (''Parts 1 & 2''){{Ref/Twitter|k_wolfkill|1507493397807788032|Kiki Wolfkill|Quote=@CharlieBMurphy literally learned an entire new language and performed beautifully in that language.  Unreal. Language created by David Peterson who created Dothraki for GoT #HaloWatchParty|D=25|M=03|Y=2022}}, and language creator Carl Buck.{{Ref/Twitter|tlacamazatl|1506947170490060800|C. Buck|Quote=If you have #ParamountPlus, are a fan of #HaloSeries , and enjoy a good #conlang. You might be interested to know that I helped @Dedalvs develop the language for the Covenant.|D=6|M=04|Y=2022}} Nearly three years before the series premiere, both conlangers began jointly developing a fleshed-out version of the fictional [[Sangheili (language)|Sangheili language]] from the ''[[Halo]]'' universe.{{Ref/Site|URL=https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287|Site=Archive of Our Own|Page=Conlang Dialogue: Halo (Paramount+)|D=17|M=06|Y=2024}} By early [[2022]], Carl Buck estimated they had crafted close to 250 Sangheili words, those being base words and not variations of verbs and nouns. Actress [[Wikipedia:Charlie Murphy (actress)|Charlie Murphy]] learned to speak Sangheili for her role as [[Makee]] on the show and was noted to have done a phenomenal job capturing the emphasis, pitch and pronunciations of the alien language.{{Ref/YouTube|Id=S101|bnJ0Y4So_Cc|Halo The Series|Learn To Speak Sangheili|Y=2023|M=8|D=28}}


Peterson posts transcripts for the words and their translations on his [https://wiki.languageinvention.com/index.php?title=Sangheili_language language wiki], as well as in a series of posts on ''Archive of Our Own'', accessible [https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287 here]. See also [https://dedalvs.com/work/halo/ David Peterson's records here] and his additional informative [https://www.halopedia.org/Archive:Twitter_-_David_J._Peterson_Sangheili_primer Tweets archived here].
Peterson posts transcripts for the words and their translations on his [https://wiki.languageinvention.com/index.php?title=Sangheili_language language wiki], as well as in a series of posts on ''Archive of Our Own'', accessible [https://archiveofourown.org/series/2828287 here]. See also [https://dedalvs.com/work/halo/ David Peterson's records here] and his additional informative [https://www.halopedia.org/Archive:Twitter_-_David_J._Peterson_Sangheili_primer Tweets archived here].
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:→ '''K'uucho o <u>ruuk'inatan</u> domo''' — ''"the human <u>whom</u> the warrior <u>attacked</u>"''
:→ '''K'uucho o <u>ruuk'inatan</u> domo''' — ''"the human <u>whom</u> the warrior <u>attacked</u>"''
===<u>Head-directionality</u>===
Sangheili is a head-final language, meaning everything comes first while the main head verb (the most important component of a phrase that determines the type of phrase) is relegated to the very end, hence ''head-final''.
:English:
::'''<u>I won't let</u> you take the holy relic.'''
:English (''head-final''):
::'''You holy relic take <u>I will-not-allow</u>.'''
:Sangheili:
::'''K'e o qkhado kheluuga ch'imo <u>jan o t'iswaqkhijaga</u>.'''




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!Ergative
!Ergative
| o
| o
| Used after a noun to mark it as the subject of a transitive verb (a verb that accepts an object).
| Used after a noun to mark it as the subject of a transitive verb (a verb that can accept one or more objects).
|-style="text-align: center
|-style="text-align: center
!Illative
!Illative
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*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> zhuro'' - would be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would presumably mean the weapon is one the warrior owns.
*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> zhuro'' - would be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would presumably mean the weapon is one the warrior owns.


*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">ni</span></div> zhuro'' - would also be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">ON</span></div> the warrior". This would imply that the weapon is one the warrior just picked up.
*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">ni</span></div> zhuro'' - would also be “the warrior’s weapon” or better yet "the weapon <span style="color:yellow">ON</span></div> the warrior". This would imply the weapon nearby is one the warrior just picked up or happened to have.


*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> nejo <span style="color:orange">ga</span></div> zhuro'' - "the weapon <span style="color:orange">FROM</span></div> the father <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would indicate that the warrior has their father's weapon.
*''K'uucho <span style="color:yellow">oni</span></div> nejo <span style="color:orange">ga</span></div> zhuro'' - "the weapon <span style="color:orange">FROM</span></div> the father <span style="color:yellow">TO</span></div> the warrior". This would indicate that the warrior has their father's weapon.
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| '''Ze'''
| '''Ze'''
| and (used to coordinate adjectives)
| and (used to coordinate adjectives)
|}
===<u>Numerals</u>===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Sangheili Numerals
! Cardinal Numbers !! Ordinal Numbers
|-
| '''1''' -  Ju || '''1st''' - Jungo
|-
| '''2''' - K'ung || '''2nd''' - K'ungo
|-
| '''3''' - Ch'i || '''3rd''' - Ch'ingo
|-
| '''4''' - Nan || '''4th''' - Nango
|-
| '''5''' - Ros || '''5th''' - Rongo
|-
| '''6''' - Ghu || '''6th''' - Ghungo
|-
| '''7''' - Dzon || '''7th''' - Dzongo
|-
| '''8''' - Shan || '''8th''' - Shango
|-
| '''9''' - Jushan || '''9th''' - Jushango
|-
| '''10''' - K'ushan || '''10th''' - K'ushango
|-
| '''11''' - Ch'ishan || '''11th''' - Ch'ishango
|-
| '''12''' - Nanshan || '''12th''' - Nanshango
|-
| '''13''' - Roshan || '''13th''' - Roshango
|-
| '''14''' - Ghushan || '''14th''' - Ghushango
|-
| '''15''' - Dzonshan || '''15th''' - Dzonshango
|}
|}


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| Jan o moa ba ngani rotkho *p'onji. || I will eat a [[moa]] burger. ''or''  I will eat moa flesh.{{Ref/Reuse|Id=S101}}
| Jan o moa ba ngani rotkho *p'onji. || I will eat a [[moa]] burger. ''or''  I will eat moa flesh.{{Ref/Reuse|Id=S101}}
|-
|-
| Qkhe p'os. Sugakho. || (Oh shit) ([[Needler]])
| Qkhe p'os, Sugakho. || Oh shit, [[Needler]].
|-
|-
| Yodu Shandi ni Ch'awaruut'u ba pumo jayajaga. || Soon the Covenant will begin it's Great Journey. (Soon the start of the Covenant's Great Journey will come.)
| Yodu Shandi ni Ch'awaruut'u ba pumo jayajaga. || Soon the Covenant will begin it's Great Journey. (Soon the start of the Covenant's Great Journey will come.)
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===A===
===A===
*''aamu'' : god(s), deity(ies)
*''a'' : (''v.'') to move
**''a'a'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''aaya'' : do not move
*''aamu'' : (''n.'') god, deity
*''aba'' : ❶ [indefinite singular pronoun] : anything, anyone, anybody — ❷ [indefinite singular pronoun] : something, someone, somebody
*''aba'' : ❶ [indefinite singular pronoun] : anything, anyone, anybody — ❷ [indefinite singular pronoun] : something, someone, somebody
*''akke'' : hand
*''akhe'' : (''n.'') hand
*''atkha'' : [distal demonstrative singular pronoun] : that, that one
*''atkha'' : [distal demonstrative singular pronoun] : that, that one


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*''baat'u'' : safety
*''baat'u'' : safety
*''baazhi'' : before, prior
*''baazhi'' : before, prior
*''baghet'o'' : (''n.'') dagger, [[energy dagger]]
*''baghiit'u'' : ignorance
*''baghiit'u'' : ignorance
*''bak'ontu'' : justice, righteousness
*''bak'ontu'' : justice, righteousness
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*''banghaina'' : (''v.'') to sense, to detect, to perceive (derived from the verb: ghaina)
*''banghaina'' : (''v.'') to sense, to detect, to perceive (derived from the verb: ghaina)
*''bank'utkho'' : (''v.'') to defend, to resist (derived from k'utkho, bank'utkho literally means "to fight with the back" and by metaph. extension, "to fight back")
*''bank'utkho'' : (''v.'') to defend, to resist (derived from k'utkho, bank'utkho literally means "to fight with the back" and by metaph. extension, "to fight back")
*''baqkhat'a'' : shield, defenses; (''v.'') to shield, to shelter (derived from the verb: qkhat'a)
*''baqkhat'a'' : shield, defense; (''v.'') to shield, to shelter (derived from the verb: qkhat'a)
*''Baro'' : (''prop.n.'')  A male given name. Latinized as Var. — '''Baro Gat'anai'''
*''Baro'' : (''prop.n.'')  A male given name. Latinized as Var. — '''Baro Gat'anai'''
*''bats'a'' : (''v.'') to bind, to be bound
*''bats'a'' : (''v.'') to bind, to be bound
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*''bit'a'' : (''v.'') to bear, to carry, to hold
*''bit'a'' : (''v.'') to bear, to carry, to hold
*''bit'agha'' : container, carrier, vessel
*''bit'agha'' : container, carrier, vessel
*''bojo'' : mother(s)
*''bojo'' : mother
*''Buulo Ch'awaat'u'' : (''prop.n.'')  [[High Charity]]  
*''Buulo Ch'awaat'u'' : (''prop.n.'')  [[High Charity]]  


===C===
===C===
*''ch'aamosik'o'' : (''v.'') to better understand, to comprehend (derived from the verb: mosik'o)
*''ch'aamosik'o'' : (''v.'') to better understand, to comprehend (derived from the verb: mosik'o)
*''ch'adomo'' : spartan(s)
*''ch'adomo'' : spartan
*''ch'adonu'' : (''v.'') to notice, to pay attention (derived from the verb: donu)
*''ch'adonu'' : (''v.'') to notice, to pay attention (derived from the verb: donu)
*''ch'adzuma'' : dangerous
*''ch'adzuma'' : dangerous
*''ch'amaaro'' :  (''v.'') to look at, to glance at (derived from the verb: maaro)
*''ch'amaaro'' :  (''v.'') to look at, to glance at (derived from the verb: maaro)
*''ch'ambuujo'' : hierarch(s)
*''ch'ambuujo'' : hierarch
*''ch'ana'' : (''v.'') to read
*''ch'ana'' : (''v.'') to read
*''ch'anaani'' : pillar
*''ch'anaani'' : pillar
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*''ch'anghutkho'' : combat, skirmish
*''ch'anghutkho'' : combat, skirmish
*''ch'anik'o'' : (''v.'') to see
*''ch'anik'o'' : (''v.'') to see
*''ch'ano'' : head
*''ch'ano'' : (''n.'') head
*''ch'anopkho'' : (''v.'') to atone, to redeem a fault (derived from the verb: opkho)
*''ch'anopkho'' : (''v.'') to atone, to redeem a fault (derived from the verb: opkho)
*''ch'anopkhuutu'' : redemption
*''ch'anopkhuutu'' : atonement, redemption
*''ch'anoq'o'' : great nobility
*''ch'anoq'o'' : great nobility
*''ch'anqi'' : extinction
*''ch'anqi'' : extinction
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**''chkhaaja'a'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''chkhaaja'a'' : (Reduplicative Form)
*''Chkhaa pkha!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) expresses contempt : ''"Fuck you!"''
*''Chkhaa pkha!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) expresses contempt : ''"Fuck you!"''
*''chkhan'' : all, whole, entire
*''chkhan'' : all, everyone
**''chkhan ba'' : all by
**''chkhan ba'' : all by
**''chkhan ni'' : over all
**''chkhan ni'' : over all
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*''diibe'' : place, where (conjunction), in / to a place, at / from which (See also: ghaadi)
*''diibe'' : place, where (conjunction), in / to a place, at / from which (See also: ghaadi)
*''dokkhat'u'' : kindness
*''dokkhat'u'' : kindness
*''domo'' : human(s)
*''domo'' : human
*''donu'' : (''v.'') to rotate, to twist, to turn around
*''donu'' : (''v.'') to rotate, to twist, to turn around
**''daadonu'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''daadonu'' : (Reduplicative Form)
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*''dzumu'' : (''v.'') to be sharp
*''dzumu'' : (''v.'') to be sharp
*''dzuqkhost'u'' : treachery
*''dzuqkhost'u'' : treachery
*''dzuro'' : circumstance, condition
*''dzuro'' : (''n.'') situation, status, circumstance, condition
*''dzushkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to aim, to target (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
*''dzushkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to aim, to target (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
*''dzushkhoomo'' : target
*''dzushkhoomo'' : target
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*''ema'' : (''v.'') to mount, to get on
*''ema'' : (''v.'') to mount, to get on
**''aamema'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''aamema'' : (Reduplicative Form)
*''et'o'' : blades, swords
*''et'o'' : (''n.'') blade, sword, [[energy sword]]
*''et'ojo'' : swordsman(men)
*''et'ojo'' : (''n.'') swordsman, swordswoman
*''eya'' : no, or to negate something (if added at end of a verb)
*''eya'' : no, or to negate something (if added at end of a verb)


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*''ga'' : [postposition] : from, away from (ablative) ; of (genitive)
*''ga'' : [postposition] : from, away from (ablative) ; of (genitive)
*''gadi'' : lower mandible
*''gadi'' : lower mandible
*''gaibaat'u'' : fortune, riches
*''gaibaat'u'' : fortune
*''gaibakha'' : (''v.'') to happen, to occur, to befall (derived from the verb: bakha)
*''gaibakha'' : (''v.'') to happen, to occur, to befall (derived from the verb: bakha)
*''gaich'in'' : (''v.'') to be wrong (derived from the verb: ch'in)
*''gaich'in'' : (''v.'') to be wrong (derived from the verb: ch'in)
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*''gaimaaro'' : (''v.'') to hope, to hope for, to expect (derived from the verb: maaro)  
*''gaimaaro'' : (''v.'') to hope, to hope for, to expect (derived from the verb: maaro)  
*''gaiwarut'o'' : (''v.'') to become lost, to be astray (derived from the verb: warut'o)
*''gaiwarut'o'' : (''v.'') to become lost, to be astray (derived from the verb: warut'o)
*''gakha'' : rocks, stones
*''gakha'' : rock, stone
*''gawaacho'' : ones who make sacrifices or present offerings, priest(s)
*''gawaacho'' : ones who make sacrifices or present offerings, priest(s)
*''gawaaka'' : sacrifice, offering
*''gawaaka'' : sacrifice, offering
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*''ghashank'o'' : demon, monster
*''ghashank'o'' : demon, monster
**''baghashank'o'' : little demon, imp
**''baghashank'o'' : little demon, imp
*''ghat'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to hesitate, to delay (derived from the verb: t'iiwa)
*''ghat'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to hesitate, to waver, to dither (derived from the verb: t'iiwa)
**''ghat'iidiwa'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''ghat'iiweya'' : do not hesitate
**''ghat'iiweya'' : do not hesitate
*''ghats'aha'' : (''v.'') to be situated, to lie in place, to remain (derived from the verb: ts'aha)
*''ghats'aha'' : (''v.'') to be situated, to lie in place, to remain (derived from the verb: ts'aha)
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*''guro'' : (''v.'') to want, to desire, to wish
*''guro'' : (''v.'') to want, to desire, to wish
*''guujo'' : ones who guide
*''guujo'' : ones who guide
*''guulo'' : master(s)
*''guulo'' : master
*''gwigha'' : direction, instruction, orders
*''gwigha'' : direction, instruction, orders
*''gwis'' : (''v.'') to direct, to instruct, to lead, to order
*''gwis'' : (''v.'') to direct, to instruct, to lead, to order
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*''haala'' : strong
*''haala'' : strong
**''haali'' : stronger
**''haali'' : stronger
*''haanga'' : kind, ilk, allied
*''haanga'' : (''n.'') kind, person, people (particularly a being of Sangheili physiology)
*''haat'u'' : ability
*''haat'u'' : ability
*''haazhi'' : once, as soon as
*''haazhi'' : once, as soon as
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**''iik'uya'' : know not
**''iik'uya'' : know not
*''iit'u'' : information, knowledge
*''iit'u'' : information, knowledge
*''ik'o'' : eye(s)
*''ik'o'' : eye
*''ikhi'' : now, presently
*''ikhi'' : now, presently
**''ikhi baazhi'' : previously
**''ikhi baazhi'' : previously
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**''jejaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''jejaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''jayaleya'' : can not arrive
**''jayaleya'' : can not arrive
*''jiha'' : (''n.'') moon, month
*''ju'' : one
*''ju'' : one
*''juq'u'' : (''v.'') to make or become one, to join, to unite
*''juq'u'' : (''v.'') to make or become one, to join, to unite
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*''juudonu'' : (''v.'') to flank (derived from the verb: donu)
*''juudonu'' : (''v.'') to flank (derived from the verb: donu)
*''juukhawa'' : (''v.'') to claim, to declare, to profess (derived from the verb: khawa)
*''juukhawa'' : (''v.'') to claim, to declare, to profess (derived from the verb: khawa)
*''juukhojo'' : ones who prophesy, prophet(s)
*''juukhojo'' : ones who prophesy, prophet
*''juukhot'u'' : prophecy
*''juukhot'u'' : prophecy
*''juuluumo'' : legacy
*''juuluumo'' : legacy
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*''juutkhoma'' : (''v.'')  to defeat, to vanquish
*''juutkhoma'' : (''v.'')  to defeat, to vanquish
*''juutkhaat'u'' : defeat
*''juutkhaat'u'' : defeat
*''juut'iya'' : (''v.'') to survive, to thrive (derived from the verb: t'iya)
**''juut'iidiya'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''juut'ijeya'' do not survive


===K===
===K===
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*''k'unjo'' : another, others, the rest
*''k'unjo'' : another, others, the rest
*''k'utkho'' : (''v.'') to fight
*''k'utkho'' : (''v.'') to fight
*''k'uucho'' : ones who fight, warrior(s), soldier(s)
*''k'uucho'' : ones who fight, warrior, soldier
*''khaayagha'' : profit, benefit
*''khaayagha'' : profit, benefit
*''khaayajo'' : someone of worth, value, or importance
*''khaayajo'' : someone of worth, value, or importance
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*''khobuugha'' : gun, firearm
*''khobuugha'' : gun, firearm
*''khoya'' : wise
*''khoya'' : wise
*''khuut'a'' : brother(s), kin, same
*''khuut'a'' : brood-mate (born of the same parents, sibling, fellow citizen, compatriot)
*''khuzho'' : [Reflexive Pronoun] : one's self; myself, yourself, themselves, itself
*''khuzho'' : [Reflexive Pronoun] : one's self; myself, yourself, themselves, itself
*''kkhaaya'' : (''v.'') to be worthy, to have value, to matter
*''kkhaaya'' : (''v.'') to be worthy, to have value, to matter
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===L===
===L===
*''la'ajo'' : twin, partner, counterpart
*''la'a'' : (''n.'') egg
*''la'ajo'' : (''n.'') twin, partner, counterpart
*''lakhi'' : (''v.'') to rise up, to ascend
*''lakhi'' : (''v.'') to rise up, to ascend
*''loshkho'' : (''v.'') to show
*''loshkho'' : (''v.'') to show
**''loloshkho'' : (Reduplicative Form) is revealing
**''loloshkho'' : (Reduplicative Form) is revealing
*''luk'a'' : spear, pike
*''luk'a'' : (''n.'') spear
*''luuka'' : blood
*''luuka'' : (''n.'') blood


===M===
===M===
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*''maskhit'u'' : temper
*''maskhit'u'' : temper
*''matkha'' : (''v.'') to kill, to slay
*''matkha'' : (''v.'') to kill, to slay
**''matkhaji'' : killed, slew
**''matkhaya'' : do not kill
**''matkhaya'' : do not kill
*''me'' : [postposition] : in, inside, inside of (inessive) ; of (genitive)
*''me'' : [postposition] : in, inside, inside of (inessive) ; of (genitive)
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*''mep'uuka'' : interrogation; (''v.'') to interrogate, to inquire (derived from the verb: p'uuka)
*''mep'uuka'' : interrogation; (''v.'') to interrogate, to inquire (derived from the verb: p'uuka)
*''mobakha'' : (''v.'') to realize, to acknowledge (derived from the verb: bakha)
*''mobakha'' : (''v.'') to realize, to acknowledge (derived from the verb: bakha)
*''mobaat'u'' : revelation
*''mobaat'u'' : (''n.'') realization, revelation, epiphany
*''mobit'a'' : (''v.'') to remind (derived from the verb: bit'a)
*''mobit'a'' : (''v.'') to remind (derived from the verb: bit'a)
*''moduje'' : (''v.'') to lose track of, to have lost (derived from the verb: duje)
*''moduje'' : (''v.'') to lose track of, to have lost (derived from the verb: duje)
*''mogha'' : waves, surge
*''mogha'' : wave, surge
*''mojaya'' : (''v.'') to remember (derived from the verb: jaya)
*''mojaya'' : (''v.'') to remember (derived from the verb: jaya)
*''moq'aara'' : (''v.'') to have faith, to be pious or devout (derived from the verb: q'aara)
*''moq'aara'' : (''v.'') to have faith, to be pious or devout (derived from the verb: q'aara)
*''moq'aajo'' : ones who have zealous faith, zealot(s)
*''moq'aajo'' : ones who have zealous faith, zealot(s)
*''moq'aatu'' : faith
*''moq'aatu'' : faith
*''mos'' : brain, mind
*''mos'' : (''n.'') brain, mind
**''me mos ba'' : like, as, just as
**''me mos ba'' : like, as, just as
*''moshkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to indicate (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
*''moshkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to indicate (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
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**''nenaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)  were fertilizing
**''nenaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)  were fertilizing
*''ne'' : [proximal demonstrative determiner] : this
*''ne'' : [proximal demonstrative determiner] : this
*''nejo'' : father(s)
*''nejo'' : father
*''nga'' : nothing, without, absent
*''nga'' : nothing, without, absent
*''ngajo'' : [negative pronoun] : nobody, no one, none
*''ngajo'' : [negative pronoun] : nobody, no one, none
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*''ni'' : [postposition] : at, on, near (adessive) ; of (genitive)
*''ni'' : [postposition] : at, on, near (adessive) ; of (genitive)
*''niri'' : [proximal demonstrative plural pronoun] : these, these ones
*''niri'' : [proximal demonstrative plural pronoun] : these, these ones
*''nizhan'' : (''adv.'') today
*''nizhi'' : and (when used to coordinate nouns and sentences: also, in addition, about, as well) (See also: ze)
*''nizhi'' : and (when used to coordinate nouns and sentences: also, in addition, about, as well) (See also: ze)
*''nuju'' : (''v.'') to be weak, cowardly, pathethic
*''nuju'' : (''v.'') to be weak, cowardly, pathethic
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*''oq'oqu'' : (''v.'') to render honor to something
*''oq'oqu'' : (''v.'') to render honor to something
*''oq'otu'' : glory, honor
*''oq'otu'' : glory, honor
*''oq'ogakha'' : the sacred stones
*''oq'ogakha'' : (''n.'') [[keystone]], sacred stones
*''ot'a'' : (''v.'') to suffer, to endure
*''ot'a'' : (''v.'') to suffer, to endure
**''ot'oza'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''ot'oza'' : (Reduplicative Form)
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*''qkhado'' : holy, sacred
*''qkhado'' : holy, sacred
*''qkhadomo'' : divine beyond
*''qkhadomo'' : divine beyond
*''qkhan'' : enemy(ies)
*''qkhan'' : enemy
*''qkhat'a'' : (''v.'') to defend, to guard, to protect
*''qkhat'a'' : (''v.'') to defend, to guard, to protect
*''qkhe'' : (''intj.'')  oh
*''qkhe'' : (''intj.'')  oh
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===R===
===R===
*''raas'' : (''n.'') sky
*''Raas Kkhotskha'' : (''prop.n.'')  A name of a Sangheili planet.
*''Raas Kkhotskha'' : (''prop.n.'')  A name of a Sangheili planet.
*''rasq'u'' : (''v.'') to knock down, to cause to fall
*''rasq'u'' : (''v.'') to knock down, to cause to fall
*''Riich'e'' : (''prop.n.'')  [[Reach]]
*''Riich'e'' : (''prop.n.'')  [[Reach]]
*''riikhe'' : crowd, group, multitude
*''riikhe'' : (''n.'') crowd, collection, group
**''riikhe ni'' : together, all together
**''riikhe ni'' : together, all together
**''riikhe oni'' : regroup, rally together
**''riikhe oni'' : regroup, rally together
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*''riin'' : [first-person plural pronoun] : we, us, ourselves (inclusive of you)   
*''riin'' : [first-person plural pronoun] : we, us, ourselves (inclusive of you)   
*''rojo'' : pet
*''rojo'' : pet
*''rotkho'' : flesh, skin, hide
*''rotkho'' : (''n.'') flesh, skin, hide
*''rube'' : ground, soil, earth
*''rube'' : (''n.'') ground, soil, earth
*''ruq'a'' : fire, flame
*''ruq'a'' : (''n.'') fire, flame
*''ruq'aara'' : (''v.'') to anoint, to sanctify (derived from the verb: q'aara)
*''ruq'aara'' : (''v.'') to anoint, to sanctify (derived from the verb: q'aara)
*''ruq'echkha'' : (''v.'') to burn, to shine, to illuminate
*''ruq'echkha'' : (''v.'') to burn, to shine, to illuminate
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*''ruuq'ontu'' : reeducation
*''ruuq'ontu'' : reeducation
*''ruuq'uuka'' : punishment, chastisement
*''ruuq'uuka'' : punishment, chastisement
*''ruut'iya'' : (''v.'') to activate (derived from the verb: t'iya)
*''ruut'iya'' : (''v.'') to be active, to be online (derived from the verb: t'iya)
**''ruut'iidiya'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''ruut'ijeya'' : not be active
*''ruut'sage'' : (''v.'') to light, to kindle, to ignite, to set fire to (derived from the verb: ts'age)
*''ruut'sage'' : (''v.'') to light, to kindle, to ignite, to set fire to (derived from the verb: ts'age)


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*''shkhoot'u'' : sign, signal
*''shkhoot'u'' : sign, signal
*''shkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to mark, to point
*''shkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to mark, to point
*''Suban'' : (''prop.n.'') [[Suban]], a moon orbiting Sanghelios.
*''sugakho'' : (''n.'') [[needler]] (SuGaKho is an acronym that stands for ''"suban gakha khobuugha"'' meaning ''[[Kemuksuru|subanese stone]] gun'')
*''suung'' : heart
*''suung'' : heart


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*''t'ighaina'' : (''v.'') to hear and understand, to read one another (derived from the verb: ghaina)
*''t'ighaina'' : (''v.'') to hear and understand, to read one another (derived from the verb: ghaina)
*''t'iis'' : word
*''t'iis'' : word
*''t'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to doubt, to disbelieve
*''t'iiwa'' : (''v.'') to doubt, to misbelieve, to suspect
**''t'iidiwa'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''t'iiweya'' : doubt not
**''t'iiweya'' : doubt not
*''t'iiwajo'' : ones who doubt, infidels, heretic(s)
*''t'iiwajo'' : ones who doubt, heathen, pagan, heretic, apostate, infidel
*''t'ik'utkho'' : (''v.'') to argue, to dispute (derived from the verb: k'utkho)
*''t'ik'utkho'' : (''v.'') to argue, to dispute (derived from the verb: k'utkho)
*''t'ikhawa'' : (''v.'') to speak, to chat (derived from the verb: khawa)
*''t'ikhawa'' : (''v.'') to speak, to chat (derived from the verb: khawa)
*''t'ikhori'' : communications
*''t'ikhori'' : communications
*''t'iloshkho'' : (''v.'') to inform, to tell, to say to (derived from the verb: loshkho)
*''t'iloshkho'' : (''v.'') to inform, to tell, to say to (derived from the verb: loshkho)
*''t'injuqkhuujo'' : arbiter(s)
*''t'injuqkhuujo'' : [[arbiter]]
*''t'ipekkha'' : (''v.'') to suggest, to propose (derived from the verb: p'ekkha)
*''t'ipekkha'' : (''v.'') to suggest, to propose (derived from the verb: p'ekkha)
*''t'ishkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to accuse, to blame (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
*''t'ishkhop'o'' : (''v.'') to accuse, to blame (derived from the verb: shkhop'o)
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*''t'isqukho'' : (''v.'') to release, to let loose, to unleash
*''t'isqukho'' : (''v.'') to release, to let loose, to unleash
*''t'iswaqkho'' : (''v.'') to permit, to allow, to sanction (derived from the verb: waqkho)
*''t'iswaqkho'' : (''v.'') to permit, to allow, to sanction (derived from the verb: waqkho)
*''t'iya'' : (''v.'') to live, to be alive, to manifest
*''t'iya'' : (''v.'') to live, to be alive, to be living
*''t'iyaq'u'' : (''v.'') to bring to life, to make something manifest
**''t'iidiya'' : (Reduplicative Form)
*''t'iyat'u'' : life, lives, existence
**''t'ijeya'' :  do not live
*''t'iyaq'u'' : (''v.'') to bring to life, to make live, to energize
**''t'iidiyaq'u'' : (Reduplicative Form)
**''t'iq'weya'' : not bring to life
*''t'iyat'u'' : life, existence
*''t'ongu'' : (''v.'') to meet
*''t'ongu'' : (''v.'') to meet
**''t'odongu'' : (Reduplicated Form)
**''t'odongu'' : (Reduplicated Form)
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*''tkhahana'' : (''v.'') to finish, to conclude, to end something
*''tkhahana'' : (''v.'') to finish, to conclude, to end something
*''tkhazhi'' : then, and then
*''tkhazhi'' : then, and then
*''tkhet'a'' : species, people, folk, kin (''tkhet'a'' literally means a nest or den)
*''tkhet'a'' : ❶ nest (place where eggs are kept) — ❷ people, group, species (specifically one's own)  
**''tkhet'a ga'' : please (directly translating to ''"Of the people"'' or ''"For the people"'')
**''tkhet'a ga'' : please (directly translating to ''"Of the people"'' or ''"For the people"'')
**''Tkhet'a ghap'awatan!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) (literally meaning ''"a stomped nest"'') expresses a misfortune or unfortunate circumstances : ''"Shit out of luck!"''
**''Tkhet'a ghap'awatan!'' : (idiomatic, vulgar) (literally meaning ''"a stomped nest"'') expresses a misfortune or unfortunate circumstances : ''"Shit out of luck!"''
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*''tkhunga'' : (''v.'') to send, to deliver
*''tkhunga'' : (''v.'') to send, to deliver
*''tkhungat'u'' : deliverance, herald
*''tkhungat'u'' : deliverance, herald
*''tkhuyujo'' : ancients, forerunner(s)
*''tkhuyujo'' : ancients, forerunner


*''ts'aha'' : (''v.'') to be at, to be in proximity
*''ts'aha'' : (''v.'') to be at, to be in proximity
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**''zaazaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)  were expanding
**''zaazaya'' : (Reduplicative Form)  were expanding
*''ze'' : and (when used to coordinate adjectives) (See also: nizhi)
*''ze'' : and (when used to coordinate adjectives) (See also: nizhi)
*''zhaan'' : day
*''zhan'' <small>or</small> ''zhaan'' : (''n.'') day, date, day of the month
*''zhi'' : [postposition] : into, in (illative) ; of (genitive)
*''zhi'' : [postposition] : into, in (illative) ; of (genitive)
*''zhiiqo'' : time, times
*''zhiiqo'' : time  
*''zhuro'' : weapon(s)
*''zhuro'' : weapon
*''zo'' : [medial demonstrative determiner] : that
*''zo'' : [medial demonstrative determiner] : that
*''zuri'' : [medial demonstrative plural pronoun] : those, those ones
*''zuri'' : [medial demonstrative plural pronoun] : those, those ones
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*''q'iskhe'' : (''v.'') to appear intact, to be whole/complete  
*''q'iskhe'' : (''v.'') to appear intact, to be whole/complete  
*''res'' : to die
*''res'' : to die
*''ruubaabaacho'' : intruder(s)
*''ruubaabaacho'' : intruder
*''ts'age'' : (''v.'') to glow, to shine
*''ts'age'' : (''v.'') to glow, to shine
*''ts'ekhe'' : (''n.'') ease, easiness, facility
*''ts'ekhe'' : (''n.'') ease, easiness, facility
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*''zhiija'' : appropriately, rightly, suitably
*''zhiija'' : appropriately, rightly, suitably


===Undertermined===
===Undetermined===
*''bajan'' :  
*''bajan'' :  
*''ghabaat'u'' :
*''ghabaat'u'' :
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*''shkhis'' :  
*''shkhis'' :  
*''skhire'' :  
*''skhire'' :  
*''sugakho'' :
*''welatanq'u'' :
*''welatanq'u'' :
*''yojo'' :  
*''yojo'' :  
*''zhuyajuri'' :
*''zhuyajuri'' :
*''zwari'' :
*''zwari'' :


==Sources==
==Sources==
6,329

edits