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{{Era|Human|UNSC|HCW|Post}}
{{Status|Canon}}
Several species and civilizations, including [[Forerunner]]s, [[human]]s, and [[San'Shyuum]], have implemented various biochemical, surgical and cybernetic means to enhance the physical and cognitive abilities of biological individuals.
Several species and civilizations, including [[Forerunner]]s, [[human]]s, and [[San'Shyuum]], have implemented various biochemical, surgical and cybernetic means to enhance the physical and cognitive abilities of biological individuals.


==Forerunner==
==Forerunner==
The [[Forerunner]]s used artificially-induced [[Forerunner mutation|mutations]] consisting of a combination of genetic engineering, gene therapy and biochemical manipulation to custom-tailor an individual's body to a [[form]] considered suited for their social standing and field of work in a [[rate]].<ref>[https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/universe/species/forerunners '''Halo Waypoint - Universe''': ''Forerunners'']</ref> While many of the changes were ostensibly cosmetic and made for cultural reasons, others were designed to enhance a Forerunner's abilities. Many of the enhancements were to the neurological and cognitive abilities of the individual,<ref>'''Halo: Cryptum''', ''page 261''</ref> although at least the [[Warrior-Servant]]s' mutations also made them physically stronger and more robust.<ref>'''Halo: Cryptum''', ''page 279''</ref><ref>'''Halo: Silentium''', ''page 86''</ref>
[[File:Forerunner forms.png|thumb|250px|The Forerunners' [[Forerunner mutation|mutations]] substantially altered their base physiology to better suit various roles]]
The [[Forerunner]]s used artificially-induced [[Forerunner mutation|mutations]] consisting of a combination of directed genetic modification, gene therapy and biochemical manipulation to custom-tailor an individual's body to a [[form]] considered suited for their social standing and field of work in a [[rate]].<ref>[https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/universe/species/forerunners '''Halo Waypoint - Universe''': ''Forerunners'']</ref> While many of the changes were ostensibly cosmetic and made for cultural reasons, others were designed to enhance a Forerunner's abilities. Many of the enhancements were to the neurological and cognitive abilities of the individual,<ref>'''Halo: Cryptum''', ''page 261''</ref> although at least the [[Warrior-Servant]]s' mutations also made them physically stronger and more robust.<ref>'''Halo: Cryptum''', ''page 279''</ref><ref>'''Halo: Silentium''', ''page 86''</ref>


==Human==
==Human==
Since the dawn of widespread spaceflight, [[human]]s have sought to use biochemical, surgical and cybernetic means to augment their bodies. While [[civilian]] applications for such technologies do exist, their obvious military advantages quickly saw them harnessed for the purposes of warfare. Basic performance-enhancing technologies have been commonplace among human militaries for centuries; however, extensive experimentation pushing the limits of the human body has historically been limited due to ethical concerns. A notable exception to this are the biochemical and cybernetic augmentations used in the [[SPARTAN programs]], which represent the peak of human biological and cybernetic enhancement.<ref name="enc44">'''[[Halo Encyclopedia]]''', ''page 44''</ref>
Since the dawn of widespread spaceflight, [[human]]s have sought to use biochemical, surgical and cybernetic means to augment their bodies. While [[civilian]] applications for such technologies do exist, their obvious military advantages quickly saw them harnessed for the purposes of warfare. Basic performance-enhancing technologies have been commonplace among human militaries for centuries; however, extensive experimentation pushing the limits of the human body has historically been limited due to ethical concerns. A notable exception to this are the biochemical and cybernetic augmentations used in the [[SPARTAN programs]], which represent the peak of human biological and cybernetic enhancement.<ref name="enc44">'''[[Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition)]]''', ''page 44''</ref>


===Early efforts===
===Early efforts===
Experimentation on the enhancement of the human body and mind has been a known concept since the 20th century. As medical technology and scientists' understanding of human biology continued to improve, human augmentation started to become a reality. The first human bioengineering protocols were implemented when humanity began to [[Human colonies|colonize]] their [[Sol system|home system]]. Due to the baseline human body's ill-suitability for long-duration spaceflight and different planetary gravity conditions, the space explorers and colonists were given biochemical enhancements to enable their bodies to adjust to these challenges.<ref name="enc44"/>
As unrest began to brew in humanity's fledgling space territories, eventually breaking out as the [[Interplanetary War]], biological augmentations were first appropriated for military use. Despite providing subtle enhancement in the areas of strength and speed, these augmentations were rather primitive in comparison to the supersoldiers created centuries later. However, they did encourage the [[UNSC]] to continue research into human enhancement.{{Ref/Reuse|enc44}}
 
As unrest began to brew in humanity's fledgling space territories, eventually breaking out as the [[Interplanetary War]], biological augmentations were first appropriated for military use. Despite providing subtle enhancement in the areas of strength and speed, these augmentations were rather primitive in comparison to the supersoldiers created centuries later. However, they did encourage the [[UNSC]] to continue research into human enhancement.<ref name="enc44"/>


===ORION===
===ORION===
{{Main|ORION Project}}
{{Main|ORION Project}}
The first major effort to create biochemically-augmented supersoldiers was known as [[Project ORION]]. The beginnings of the program can be traced back to [[2321]], when the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] began to build upon bioengineering protocols developed during the Interplanetary Wars. However, after five military candidates were selected and tested, the project was declared ineffective and the candidates were returned to their respective chains of command.<ref name="enc44"/> Within a year, all candidates would die of unknown causes. The project was secretly relaunched by the [[Colonial Military Administration]] well over a century later in [[2491]], with the recruitment of 65 adult test subjects; hundreds more were added after the first batch completed their training. The ORION augmentations included enhancements to muscle density, lung capacity, vision, hearing and balance.<ref>'''[[Media:cochlear_tuning.ogg|cochlear_tuning Axon]]'''</ref> While the ORION operatives were highly successful, the project on the whole was deemed a failure due to many factors, among the most prominent being the high "washout" rate of the augmentations as well as the limited effectiveness of the enhancements themselves.<ref name="journal">'''[[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]]'''</ref>
The first major effort to create biochemically-augmented supersoldiers was known as [[Project ORION]]. The beginnings of the program can be traced back to [[2321]], when the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] began to build upon bioengineering protocols developed during the Interplanetary Wars. However, after five military candidates were selected and tested, the project was declared ineffective and the candidates were returned to their respective chains of command.{{Ref/Reuse|enc44}} Within a year, all candidates would die of unknown causes. The project was secretly relaunched by the [[Colonial Military Authority]] well over a century later in [[2491]], with the recruitment of 65 adult test subjects; hundreds more were added after the first batch completed their training. The ORION augmentations included enhancements to muscle density, lung capacity, vision, hearing and balance.<ref>'''[[Media:ILB Cochlear tuning.ogg|cochlear_tuning Axon]]'''</ref> While the ORION operatives were highly successful, the project on the whole was deemed a failure due to many factors, among the most prominent being the high "washout" rate of the augmentations as well as the limited effectiveness of the enhancements themselves.<ref name="journal">'''[[Dr. Halsey's personal journal]]'''</ref> Former ORION project member [[Avery Johnson]] remembers the experience as being agonizing filled with confusing, hormone-inducing rages.{{Ref/Novel|SiSto|Chapter=4}}


===SPARTAN-II===
===SPARTAN-II===
[[File:Prologue - Spartan augmentation 01.jpg|thumb|250px|[[John-117]] being prepared for his augmentations]]
[[File:Prologue - Spartan augmentation 01.jpg|thumb|250px|[[John-117]] being prepared for his augmentations]]
{{Main|SPARTAN-II augmentation procedures}}
{{Main|Project ASTER}}
Research on the [[SPARTAN-II program]]'s augmentations began five years after the deactivation of the ORION Project. Headed by [[Catherine Halsey|Dr. Catherine Halsey]], early analysis concluded that next-generation candidates must have "more malleable, robust DNA structure and repair enzymes" and be selected through a stringent genetic screening process to avoid the washout rates of the ORION program. Because of the requirements, the best suitable candidates who would adapt without severe side effects were those of prepubescent age. Thus, despite being highly unethical and illegal, it was decided that the program's trainees be drafted as children and augmented as they began to reach puberty.<ref name="journal"/>
Research on the [[SPARTAN-II program]]'s augmentations began five years after the deactivation of the ORION Project. Headed by [[Catherine Halsey|Dr. Catherine Halsey]], early analysis concluded that next-generation candidates must have "more malleable, robust DNA structure and repair enzymes" and be selected through a stringent genetic screening process to avoid the washout rates of the ORION program. Because of the requirements, the best suitable candidates who would adapt without severe side effects were those of prepubescent age. Thus, despite being highly unethical and illegal, it was decided that the program's trainees be drafted as children and augmented as they began to reach puberty.{{Ref/Reuse|journal}}


The SPARTAN-II augmentations included many previously-untested procedures, among them synthetic bone grafts, hormonal supplements, retinal surgery, intramuscular protein injections and major alteration of the subject's nervous system. While the SPARTAN-II augmentations would make the soldier significantly stronger and faster than an ORION operative, this came with a price: out of 75 candidates, only 33 survived the augmentation procedures, with the rest either killed or maimed for life. However, the Spartans who did survive became the most effective soldiers to be ever fielded by humanity, with superhuman strength, reflexes and stamina as well as virtually unbreakable bones. To complement their biological augmentation, the SPARTAN-IIs were given state-of-the-art [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor]] which interfaces with the wearer's nervous system and greatly boosts their strength and speed. When paired with a [[smart AI]] through a [[Spartan neural interface|specialized neural implant]], a Spartan's tactical awareness and reaction time are improved even further.<ref name="journal"/>
The SPARTAN-II augmentations included many previously-untested procedures, among them synthetic bone grafts, hormonal supplements, retinal surgery, intramuscular protein injections and major alteration of the subject's nervous system. While the SPARTAN-II augmentations would make the soldier significantly stronger and faster than an ORION operative, this came with a price: out of 75 candidates, only 33 survived the augmentation procedures, with the rest either killed or maimed for life. However, the Spartans who did survive became the most effective soldiers to be ever fielded by humanity, with superhuman strength, reflexes and stamina as well as virtually unbreakable bones. To complement their biological augmentation, the SPARTAN-IIs were given state-of-the-art [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor]] which interfaces with the wearer's nervous system and greatly boosts their strength and speed. When paired with a [[smart AI]] through a [[Spartan neural interface|specialized neural implant]], a Spartan's tactical awareness and reaction time are improved even further.{{Ref/Reuse|journal}}


===SPARTAN-III===
===SPARTAN-III===
[[File:BirthOfASpartan - AugmentationCarter.png|thumb|250px|[[Carter-A259]] undergoing his augmentations]]
[[File:BirthOfASpartan - AugmentationCarter.png|thumb|250px|[[Carter-A259]] undergoing his augmentations]]
{{Main|Project CHRYSANTHEMUM}}
{{Main|Project CHRYSANTHEMUM}}
Initiated by [[James Ackerson|Colonel James Ackerson]], the [[SPARTAN-III program]] built upon Dr. Halsey's pioneering work on the preceding SPARTAN-II project. The new augmentation set encompassed enhancements of a similar nature as those given to the Spartan-IIs. Technologically, however, they represented a major improvement over the previous program, all the while being cheaper than before: much less surgery was required, with most of the enhancements administered via chemical means. The selection criteria could be loosened, and the procedures' mortality rate could be eliminated to zero. This allowed the creation of much larger numbers of supersoldiers than before, although the procedures still had to be performed at the onset of puberty.<ref name="goo63">'''Halo: Ghost of Onyx''', ''page 63''</ref><ref name="GoO102">'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''pages 101-102''</ref>
Initiated by [[James Ackerson|Colonel James Ackerson]], the [[SPARTAN-III program]] built upon Dr. Halsey's pioneering work on the preceding SPARTAN-II project. The new augmentation set encompassed enhancements derived from those given to the Spartan-IIs. Technologically, however, the new augmentations represented a major improvement over the previous program, while being cheaper than before: much less surgery was required, with most of the enhancements administered via chemical means. The selection criteria could be loosened, and the procedures' mortality rate could be eliminated to zero. This allowed the creation of much larger numbers of supersoldiers than before, although the procedures still had to be performed at the onset of puberty.<ref name="goo63">'''Halo: Ghost of Onyx''', ''page 63''</ref><ref name="GoO102">'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''pages 101-102''</ref>


===SPARTAN-IV===
===SPARTAN-IV===
{{Main|SPARTAN-IV Augmentation Program}}
{{Main|Project ORCHID}}
The [[SPARTAN-IV program]] was the first supersoldier project after ORION to use volunteering adult subjects, something that had been discarded in the previous programs due to the technological and psychological challenges involved. By the time the [[Human-Covenant War]] had ended, technology had advanced to the point that adults could be augmented without risk. However, the augmentations must be custom tailored for each individual. In addition, because of the candidates' age, the muscular and neurological alterations are not as extensive as those used in the previous two programs, although the SPARTAN-IVs' [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor (GEN2)|GEN2]] [[MJOLNIR armor]] compensates for this.<ref name="frankie">[http://members.shaw.ca/laird2/temp/derp/interview.mp3 '''Frank O'Connor interview during San Diego Comic-Con 2012''' (1:15 - 2:10)]</ref> The SPARTAN-IVs' augmentations also include several new enhancements, including a number of improvements to the subject's internal organs.<ref name="HI2">'''[[Halo: Initiation]]''', ''Issue #2''</ref>
The [[SPARTAN-IV program]] was the first supersoldier project after ORION to use volunteering adult subjects, something that had been discarded in the previous programs due to the technological and psychological challenges involved. By the time the [[Human-Covenant War]] had ended, new techniques had been developed, allowing adults to be augmented without major risk. However, the muscular and neurological alterations are not as effective as those used in the previous two programs, although the SPARTAN-IVs' [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor (GEN2)|GEN2]] [[MJOLNIR armor]] compensates for this through its more extensive performance enhancement.<ref name="frankie">[http://members.shaw.ca/laird2/temp/derp/interview.mp3 '''Frank O'Connor interview during San Diego Comic-Con 2012''' (1:15 - 2:10)]</ref> The SPARTAN-IVs' augmentations also include several new procedures, including various improvements to the subject's internal organs.<ref name="HI2">'''[[Halo: Initiation]]''', ''Issue #2''</ref><ref name="lootcrate1">'''[[Halo Legendary Crate]]''', ''[[Halo Legendary Crate/Data Drops|Data Drop #1]]'' ([[:File:Lootcrate - SpartanIV augmentations.jpg|Spartan-IV augmentations sheet]])</ref>
{{Clear}}
{{Clear}}


===Other examples===
==San'Shyuum==
The [[San'Shyuum]] in the [[Covenant]] used genetic enhancement techniques to augment a number of San'Shyuum into elite supersoldiers known as [[Prelate]]s. The Prelates' augmentations allowed them to overcome the San'Shyuum's natural frailty caused by generations of inbreeding and granted them strength, speed and reaction times sufficient to best even [[Sangheili]] in combat. However, the Prelates could operate at their physical peak for only limited periods of time, with the sustained use of the enhancements bringing with it a variety of dangerous side effects.<ref>'''[[Halo: Shadow of Intent]]'''</ref>
 
==Other examples==
While easily overshadowed by the Spartans' extensive augmentation, medical, biochemical and technological conveniences do nonetheless have a pervasive presence in various areas of human society.
While easily overshadowed by the Spartans' extensive augmentation, medical, biochemical and technological conveniences do nonetheless have a pervasive presence in various areas of human society.


UNSC personnel are equipped with [[neural interface|neural implants]], more sophisticated [[Command neural interface|models]] of which—typically issued to ship captains—enable a human mind to interface with computer systems and receive or send information. Advanced [[artificial limb|mechanical prosthetics]] have also been developed, although such technology is used solely for the purpose of replacing lost limbs rather than supplanting existing ones for any possible advantages they may have over biological limbs.<ref>'''Halo: Contact Harvest''', ''page 81''</ref> Further medical advances have been made in areas not directly related to physical performance but nonetheless improving humans' quality of life. By the 22nd century, [[cancer]] had been virtually eradicated from the human genome, with any isolated cases that do occur being easy to treat.<ref name="midlothian">'''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe''',''"[[Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian]]"''</ref>
UNSC personnel are equipped with [[neural interface|neural implants]], more sophisticated [[Command neural interface|models]] of which—typically issued to ship captains—enable a human mind to interface with computer systems and receive or send information. Advanced [[artificial limb|mechanical prosthetics]] have also been developed, although such technology is used solely for the purpose of replacing lost limbs rather than supplanting existing ones for any possible advantages they may have over biological limbs.<ref>'''Halo: Contact Harvest''', ''page 81''</ref> Further medical advances have been made in areas not directly related to physical performance but nonetheless improving humans' quality of life. By the 22nd century, [[cancer]] had been virtually eradicated from the human genome, with any isolated cases that do occur being easy to treat.<ref name="midlothian">'''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe''',''"[[Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian]]"''</ref>


As a crude replication of the technologies used to forge the Spartans, human [[Insurrectionist]]s use "[[rumbledrug]]s" which degenerate the user's body but grant them superhuman abilities for a short time, potentially giving them a fighting chance against Spartans.<ref name="midlothian"/>
Sangheili have drugs that are used not only for healing, but also for memory improvement and for dealing with anxiety.<ref name="anvil">[https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/news/anvil-s-legacy-preview '''Halo Waypoint''' - ''Anvil's Legacy Preview'']</ref> It is common to find all of these varieties of medications in temples built for [[kaidon]]s, which traditionally have been visited by them prior to planning a military campaign.
 
As an idiosyncrasy of their warrior culture, the Sangheili view the notion of doctors as dishonorable.<ref>'''Halo: The Cole Protocol''', ''page 143''</ref> However, as injuries are an inevitable byproduct of combat, the Covenant military still employs a number of medical amenities. Among these are [[automated surgery suite]]s, featured on Covenant ships to treat wounds received in combat,<ref>'''Halo: Contact Harvest''', ''page 259''</ref> and [[magnetic splint]]s which are used to hold broken bones in place.
 
Covenant strikecraft [[pilot]]s connect to their flight systems using direct [[neural interface]]s, which employ very minimal safety cutouts or filters. The pilot's body is rendered immobile to prevent self-injury and agony is inflicted in exchange for superior control of the ship. The [[Sangheili]] enter battle-meditation before completing the machine link protocols to control the pain, while [[Jiralhanae]] pilots embrace the interface burn to trigger their own focus.{{Ref/Reuse|WFSeraph}}
 
During his service within the [[Covenant]], [[Jega 'Rdomnai]] was a member of the [[Silent Shadow]], a unit within the Covenant's [[Special Operations]] branch. During one of his missions, he lost his left arm and left mandibles. 'Rdomnai had the two replaced with prostheses, despite robotic replacements being antithetical to Covenant tradition and principles. The injuries also gave 'Rdomnai a lust for battle and vengeance, both of which completely outweighed his own pride in his own Sangheili culture.{{Ref/Site|Id=ign|URL=https://www.ign.com/articles/halo-infinite-campaign-get-to-know-jega-spartan-killer-ign-first?utm_source=twitter|Site=IGN|Page=Halo Infinite Campaign: Get to Know Jega, a ‘Spartan Killer’ – IGN First|D=9|M=11|Y=2021}}
 
As a crude replication of the technologies used to forge the Spartans, human [[Insurrectionist]]s use "[[Rumbledrug]]s" which degenerate the user's body but grant them superhuman abilities for a short time, potentially giving them a fighting chance against Spartans.{{Ref/Reuse|midlothian}}


Following the Human-Covenant War any sufficiently wealthy private party could replicate the effects of the Spartan augmentations. However, cheaper and more invasive augmentations with unknown medical drawbacks and psychological costs were considered more viable given the high cost and amount of effort required to create actual Spartans.<ref>[https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/community/blog-posts/canon-fodder-armory-amore 1/22/2016: Armory Amore]</ref>
Following the Human-Covenant War any sufficiently wealthy private party could replicate the effects of the Spartan augmentations. However, cheaper and more invasive augmentations with unknown medical drawbacks and psychological costs were considered more viable given the high cost and amount of effort required to create actual Spartans.<ref>[https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/community/blog-posts/canon-fodder-armory-amore 1/22/2016: Armory Amore]</ref>
==San'Shyuum==
The [[San'Shyuum]] in the [[Covenant]] used genetic enhancement techniques to augment a number of San'Shyuum into elite supersoldiers known as [[Prelate]]s. The Prelates' augmentations allowed them to overcome the San'Shyuum's natural frailty caused by generations of inbreeding and granted them strength, speed and reaction times sufficient to best even [[Sangheili]] in combat. However, the Prelates could operate at their physical peak for only limited periods of time, with the sustained use of the enhancements bringing with it a variety of dangerous side effects.<ref>'''[[Halo: Shadow of Intent]]'''</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
Line 51: Line 58:
File:BirthOfASpartan - Augmentation.png|A screen monitoring [[Carter-A259]]'s CHRYSANTHEMUM augmentations
File:BirthOfASpartan - Augmentation.png|A screen monitoring [[Carter-A259]]'s CHRYSANTHEMUM augmentations
File:HI-SpartanIV-Augmentations-Panels.jpg|SPARTAN-IV [[Sarah Palmer]] undergoing her augmentations
File:HI-SpartanIV-Augmentations-Panels.jpg|SPARTAN-IV [[Sarah Palmer]] undergoing her augmentations
File:Lootcrate - SpartanIV augmentations.jpg|An overview of the Spartan-IVs' augmentations
File:TemTem.png|[[Prelate]] [[Tem'Bhetek]], an augmented San'Shyuum
</gallery>
</gallery>
== See also==
* [[Rumbledrug]]
* [[Drugs]]
* [[Spartan]]
* [[Powered exoskeleton]]
==Sources==
==Sources==
<references/>
{{Ref/Sources}}
 
{{SpartanPrograms}}
{{SpartanPrograms}}
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Medicine]]
[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Spartans]]
[[Category:Spartans]]

Latest revision as of 15:39, February 5, 2024

Several species and civilizations, including Forerunners, humans, and San'Shyuum, have implemented various biochemical, surgical and cybernetic means to enhance the physical and cognitive abilities of biological individuals.

Forerunner[edit]

Artwork of different Forerunner rates.
The Forerunners' mutations substantially altered their base physiology to better suit various roles

The Forerunners used artificially-induced mutations consisting of a combination of directed genetic modification, gene therapy and biochemical manipulation to custom-tailor an individual's body to a form considered suited for their social standing and field of work in a rate.[1] While many of the changes were ostensibly cosmetic and made for cultural reasons, others were designed to enhance a Forerunner's abilities. Many of the enhancements were to the neurological and cognitive abilities of the individual,[2] although at least the Warrior-Servants' mutations also made them physically stronger and more robust.[3][4]

Human[edit]

Since the dawn of widespread spaceflight, humans have sought to use biochemical, surgical and cybernetic means to augment their bodies. While civilian applications for such technologies do exist, their obvious military advantages quickly saw them harnessed for the purposes of warfare. Basic performance-enhancing technologies have been commonplace among human militaries for centuries; however, extensive experimentation pushing the limits of the human body has historically been limited due to ethical concerns. A notable exception to this are the biochemical and cybernetic augmentations used in the SPARTAN programs, which represent the peak of human biological and cybernetic enhancement.[5]

Early efforts[edit]

As unrest began to brew in humanity's fledgling space territories, eventually breaking out as the Interplanetary War, biological augmentations were first appropriated for military use. Despite providing subtle enhancement in the areas of strength and speed, these augmentations were rather primitive in comparison to the supersoldiers created centuries later. However, they did encourage the UNSC to continue research into human enhancement.[5]

ORION[edit]

Main article: ORION Project

The first major effort to create biochemically-augmented supersoldiers was known as Project ORION. The beginnings of the program can be traced back to 2321, when the Office of Naval Intelligence began to build upon bioengineering protocols developed during the Interplanetary Wars. However, after five military candidates were selected and tested, the project was declared ineffective and the candidates were returned to their respective chains of command.[5] Within a year, all candidates would die of unknown causes. The project was secretly relaunched by the Colonial Military Authority well over a century later in 2491, with the recruitment of 65 adult test subjects; hundreds more were added after the first batch completed their training. The ORION augmentations included enhancements to muscle density, lung capacity, vision, hearing and balance.[6] While the ORION operatives were highly successful, the project on the whole was deemed a failure due to many factors, among the most prominent being the high "washout" rate of the augmentations as well as the limited effectiveness of the enhancements themselves.[7] Former ORION project member Avery Johnson remembers the experience as being agonizing filled with confusing, hormone-inducing rages.[8]

SPARTAN-II[edit]

John-117 being prepared for his augmentations
Main article: Project ASTER

Research on the SPARTAN-II program's augmentations began five years after the deactivation of the ORION Project. Headed by Dr. Catherine Halsey, early analysis concluded that next-generation candidates must have "more malleable, robust DNA structure and repair enzymes" and be selected through a stringent genetic screening process to avoid the washout rates of the ORION program. Because of the requirements, the best suitable candidates who would adapt without severe side effects were those of prepubescent age. Thus, despite being highly unethical and illegal, it was decided that the program's trainees be drafted as children and augmented as they began to reach puberty.[7]

The SPARTAN-II augmentations included many previously-untested procedures, among them synthetic bone grafts, hormonal supplements, retinal surgery, intramuscular protein injections and major alteration of the subject's nervous system. While the SPARTAN-II augmentations would make the soldier significantly stronger and faster than an ORION operative, this came with a price: out of 75 candidates, only 33 survived the augmentation procedures, with the rest either killed or maimed for life. However, the Spartans who did survive became the most effective soldiers to be ever fielded by humanity, with superhuman strength, reflexes and stamina as well as virtually unbreakable bones. To complement their biological augmentation, the SPARTAN-IIs were given state-of-the-art MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor which interfaces with the wearer's nervous system and greatly boosts their strength and speed. When paired with a smart AI through a specialized neural implant, a Spartan's tactical awareness and reaction time are improved even further.[7]

SPARTAN-III[edit]

Carter-A259 undergoing his augmentations
Main article: Project CHRYSANTHEMUM

Initiated by Colonel James Ackerson, the SPARTAN-III program built upon Dr. Halsey's pioneering work on the preceding SPARTAN-II project. The new augmentation set encompassed enhancements derived from those given to the Spartan-IIs. Technologically, however, the new augmentations represented a major improvement over the previous program, while being cheaper than before: much less surgery was required, with most of the enhancements administered via chemical means. The selection criteria could be loosened, and the procedures' mortality rate could be eliminated to zero. This allowed the creation of much larger numbers of supersoldiers than before, although the procedures still had to be performed at the onset of puberty.[9][10]

SPARTAN-IV[edit]

Main article: Project ORCHID

The SPARTAN-IV program was the first supersoldier project after ORION to use volunteering adult subjects, something that had been discarded in the previous programs due to the technological and psychological challenges involved. By the time the Human-Covenant War had ended, new techniques had been developed, allowing adults to be augmented without major risk. However, the muscular and neurological alterations are not as effective as those used in the previous two programs, although the SPARTAN-IVs' GEN2 MJOLNIR armor compensates for this through its more extensive performance enhancement.[11] The SPARTAN-IVs' augmentations also include several new procedures, including various improvements to the subject's internal organs.[12][13]

San'Shyuum[edit]

The San'Shyuum in the Covenant used genetic enhancement techniques to augment a number of San'Shyuum into elite supersoldiers known as Prelates. The Prelates' augmentations allowed them to overcome the San'Shyuum's natural frailty caused by generations of inbreeding and granted them strength, speed and reaction times sufficient to best even Sangheili in combat. However, the Prelates could operate at their physical peak for only limited periods of time, with the sustained use of the enhancements bringing with it a variety of dangerous side effects.[14]

Other examples[edit]

While easily overshadowed by the Spartans' extensive augmentation, medical, biochemical and technological conveniences do nonetheless have a pervasive presence in various areas of human society.

UNSC personnel are equipped with neural implants, more sophisticated models of which—typically issued to ship captains—enable a human mind to interface with computer systems and receive or send information. Advanced mechanical prosthetics have also been developed, although such technology is used solely for the purpose of replacing lost limbs rather than supplanting existing ones for any possible advantages they may have over biological limbs.[15] Further medical advances have been made in areas not directly related to physical performance but nonetheless improving humans' quality of life. By the 22nd century, cancer had been virtually eradicated from the human genome, with any isolated cases that do occur being easy to treat.[16]

Sangheili have drugs that are used not only for healing, but also for memory improvement and for dealing with anxiety.[17] It is common to find all of these varieties of medications in temples built for kaidons, which traditionally have been visited by them prior to planning a military campaign.

As an idiosyncrasy of their warrior culture, the Sangheili view the notion of doctors as dishonorable.[18] However, as injuries are an inevitable byproduct of combat, the Covenant military still employs a number of medical amenities. Among these are automated surgery suites, featured on Covenant ships to treat wounds received in combat,[19] and magnetic splints which are used to hold broken bones in place.

Covenant strikecraft pilots connect to their flight systems using direct neural interfaces, which employ very minimal safety cutouts or filters. The pilot's body is rendered immobile to prevent self-injury and agony is inflicted in exchange for superior control of the ship. The Sangheili enter battle-meditation before completing the machine link protocols to control the pain, while Jiralhanae pilots embrace the interface burn to trigger their own focus.[20]

During his service within the Covenant, Jega 'Rdomnai was a member of the Silent Shadow, a unit within the Covenant's Special Operations branch. During one of his missions, he lost his left arm and left mandibles. 'Rdomnai had the two replaced with prostheses, despite robotic replacements being antithetical to Covenant tradition and principles. The injuries also gave 'Rdomnai a lust for battle and vengeance, both of which completely outweighed his own pride in his own Sangheili culture.[21]

As a crude replication of the technologies used to forge the Spartans, human Insurrectionists use "Rumbledrugs" which degenerate the user's body but grant them superhuman abilities for a short time, potentially giving them a fighting chance against Spartans.[16]

Following the Human-Covenant War any sufficiently wealthy private party could replicate the effects of the Spartan augmentations. However, cheaper and more invasive augmentations with unknown medical drawbacks and psychological costs were considered more viable given the high cost and amount of effort required to create actual Spartans.[22]

Gallery[edit]

  • An illustration detailing the muscular augmentations performed on a Spartan-II's arm

    An illustration detailing the muscular augmentations performed on a Spartan-II's arm

  • A screen monitoring Carter-A259's CHRYSANTHEMUM augmentations

    A screen monitoring Carter-A259's CHRYSANTHEMUM augmentations

  • SPARTAN-IV Sarah Palmer undergoing her augmentations

    SPARTAN-IV Sarah Palmer undergoing her augmentations

  • An overview of the Spartan-IVs' augmentations

    An overview of the Spartan-IVs' augmentations

  • Prelate Tem'Bhetek, an augmented San'Shyuum

    Prelate Tem'Bhetek, an augmented San'Shyuum

See also[edit]

Sources[edit]

  1. ^ Halo Waypoint - Universe: Forerunners
  2. ^ Halo: Cryptum, page 261
  3. ^ Halo: Cryptum, page 279
  4. ^ Halo: Silentium, page 86
  5. ^ a b c Halo Encyclopedia (2009 edition), page 44
  6. ^ cochlear_tuning Axon
  7. ^ a b c Dr. Halsey's personal journal
  8. ^ Halo: Silent Storm, chapter 4
  9. ^ Halo: Ghost of Onyx, page 63
  10. ^ Halo: Ghosts of Onyx, pages 101-102
  11. ^ Frank O'Connor interview during San Diego Comic-Con 2012 (1:15 - 2:10)
  12. ^ Halo: Initiation, Issue #2
  13. ^ Halo Legendary Crate, Data Drop #1 (Spartan-IV augmentations sheet)
  14. ^ Halo: Shadow of Intent
  15. ^ Halo: Contact Harvest, page 81
  16. ^ a b Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe,"Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian"
  17. ^ Halo Waypoint - Anvil's Legacy Preview
  18. ^ Halo: The Cole Protocol, page 143
  19. ^ Halo: Contact Harvest, page 259
  20. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named WFSeraph
  21. ^ IGN, Halo Infinite Campaign: Get to Know Jega, a ‘Spartan Killer’ – IGN First (Retrieved on Nov 9, 2021) [archive]
  22. ^ 1/22/2016: Armory Amore

v • d • e
 
The SPARTAN programs and related topics
Training and protocol
Technology
Non-UNSC super soldiers
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