Editing Sangheili (language)
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|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! rowspan="2" | Fricative | ! rowspan="2" | Fricative | ||
| f || s || ʂ | | f || s || ʂ || || || ħ | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
| || z || ʐ | | || z || ʐ || || || | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! Approximant | ! Approximant | ||
| || || ɻ | | || || ɻ || j || ɰ<sup>β</sup> || | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ Sangheili vowel phonemes | |+ Sangheili vowel phonemes | ||
|- | |- | ||
! !! | ! !! Front !! Central !! Back | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! High | ! High | ||
| i || u | | i || || u | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! Near-high | ! Near-high | ||
| ɪ || | | ɪ || || | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! High-mid | ! High-mid | ||
| || o | | || || o | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! Mid | ! Mid | ||
| e̞ | | e̞ || (ə) || | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! Low-mid | ! Low-mid | ||
| || ɔ | | || || ɔ | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! Low | ! Low | ||
| ä | | || ä || ɑ | ||
|-align="center" | |-align="center" | ||
! Diphthongs | ! Diphthongs | ||
| colspan=" | | colspan="3" | e̞ɪ äɪ äu ɔɪ ou | ||
|} | |} | ||
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==Phonetic transcription== | ==Phonetic transcription== | ||
In order to phonetically transcribe Sangheili, 343 Industries uses the following transliteration system: | In order to phonetically transcribe Sangheili, 343 Industries uses the following transliteration system: | ||
* a e correspond to /ä/ and /e̞/ respectively. Both can correspond to /ə/ if the syllable is weakened. | * a e correspond to /ä/ and /e̞/ respectively. Both can correspond to /ə/ if the syllable is weakened. | ||
* | * i corresponds to /ɪ/. | ||
* ah corresponds to /ɑ:/. Some speakers pronounce it as /ä:/ though. | * ah corresponds to /ɑ:/. Some speakers pronounce it as /ä:/ though. | ||
* eh corresponds to /e̞:/ | * eh corresponds to /e̞:/ | ||
* o corresponds to /ɔ/ and /o̞/ depending on the speaker's preference. | * o corresponds to /ɔ/ and /o̞/ depending on the speaker's preference. | ||
* oh corresponds to /ɔ:/ and /o̞:/ depending on the speaker's preference. | * oh corresponds to /ɔ:/ and /o̞:/ depending on the speaker's preference. | ||
* u corresponds to /u/. Some speakers might also pronounce it as /ɯ<sup>β</sup>/ or /ʊ/. | * u corresponds to /u/. Some speakers might also pronounce it as /ɯ<sup>β</sup>/ or /ʊ/. | ||
* uh corresponds to /u:/. Some speakers might pronounce it as /ɯ<sup>β</sup>:/. | * uh corresponds to /u:/. Some speakers might pronounce it as /ɯ<sup>β</sup>:/. | ||
* aa corresponds to /ɑ:/. Some speakers pronounce it as /ä:/ though. | |||
* ee corresponds to /i:/ but can be pronounced as /ɪ:/ or /i~ɪ:/ | |||
* uu corresponds to /u:/. Some speakers might also pronounce it as /ɯ<sup>β</sup>:/. | * uu corresponds to /u:/. Some speakers might also pronounce it as /ɯ<sup>β</sup>:/. | ||
* oo corresponds to /u:/. Some speakers also pronounce it as /ɯ<sup>β</sup>:/ or /o:/. | |||
* y corresponds to /j/ when it is between two vowels, or at the beginning of a word. When it is at the end of a word or before a consonant or after any consonant except nn it corresponds to /ɪ/. | * y corresponds to /j/ when it is between two vowels, or at the beginning of a word. When it is at the end of a word or before a consonant or after any consonant except nn it corresponds to /ɪ/. | ||
* t corresponds to /ʈ/. | * t corresponds to /ʈ/. | ||
* d corresponds to /ɖ/. | |||
* k corresponds to /q/ or /k~q/, but is pronounced as /q<sup>j</sup>/ when followed by /i/ or /e̞/. | * k corresponds to /q/ or /k~q/, but is pronounced as /q<sup>j</sup>/ when followed by /i/ or /e̞/. | ||
* g corresponds to /ɢ/or /g~ɢ/, but is pronounced as /ɢ<sup>j</sup>/ or /g~ɢ<sup>j<sup>/ when followed by /i/ or /e̞/. | * g corresponds to /ɢ/or /g~ɢ/, but is pronounced as /ɢ<sup>j</sup>/ or /g~ɢ<sup>j<sup>/ when followed by /i/ or /e̞/. | ||
* gh corresponds to /ɢ/ or /ɢ<sup>h</sup>/ depending on the speaker's preference. When followed by e (thus forming ghee) the resulting sounds will be /ɢ<sup>j</sup>e̞:/ and /ɢ<sup>h</sup>e̞:/. When followed by ei (thus forming ghei) the resulting sounds will be /ɢ<sup>j</sup>e̞ɪ/, /ɢ<sup>h</sup>e̞ɪ/, /ɢ<sup>j</sup>i:/ and /ɢ<sup>h</sup>e:/. | * gh corresponds to /ɢ/ or /ɢ<sup>h</sup>/ depending on the speaker's preference. When followed by e (thus forming ghee) the resulting sounds will be /ɢ<sup>j</sup>e̞:/ and /ɢ<sup>h</sup>e̞:/. When followed by ei (thus forming ghei) the resulting sounds will be /ɢ<sup>j</sup>e̞ɪ/, /ɢ<sup>h</sup>e̞ɪ/, /ɢ<sup>j</sup>i:/ and /ɢ<sup>h</sup>e:/. | ||
* r corresponds to /ɻ/ and /ɽ/ depending on the speaker's preference. | |||
* w corresponds to /ɰ<sup>β</sup>/. Sometimes some speakers can pronounce it as /w/. | |||
* f corresponds to /f/ | * f corresponds to /f/ | ||
* b corresponds to /b̪/ | |||
* ch corresponds to /ʈ͡ʂ/, but can be pronounced as /ʈ͡ɕ/ when found before /i/. | |||
* sh corresponds to /ʂ/, but can be pronounced as /ɕ/ when found before /i/. | |||
* j corresponds to /ɖ͡ʐ/, but can be pronounced as /ɖ͡ʑ/ when found before /i/. The sounds /ɖ͡ʐ/ and /ɖ͡ʑ/ can be pronounced as /ʐ/or /ɖ͡ʐ~ʐ/ and /ʑ/ or /ɖ͡ʑ~ʑ/, respectively. | |||
* s corresponds to /s/. | * s corresponds to /s/. | ||
* z corresponds to /z/. | * z corresponds to /z/. | ||
* ts corresponds to /t͡s/. | * ts corresponds to /t͡s/. | ||
* | * n corresponds to /ɳ/. When n is followed or preceded by the uvular consonants /q/ and /ɢ/ it corresponds to /ɴ/ and when followed by any labiodental consonant ( /ɱ/, /b̪/, /p̪/, /f/, /ʋ/) it corresponds to /ɳ<sup>ɱ</sup>/ or /ɳ~ɱ/. | ||
* | * nn corresponds to /ɳ:/. When n is followed by the uvular consonants /q/ and /ɢ/ it corresponds to /ɴ:/ or /ɳɴ/ or /ɳ:/ and when followed by any labiodental consonant ( /ɱ/, /b̪/, /p̪/, /f/, /ʋ/) it corresponds to /ɱ:/ or /ɳɱ/ or /ɳ:/. | ||
* | * m corresponds to /ɱ/. | ||
* | * h corresponds to /ħ/, but is pronounced as /ħ<sup>j</sup>/ when followed by /i/. | ||
* tw_, dw_, nw_ correspond to /ʈɰ<sup>β</sup>/, /ɖɰ<sup>β</sup>/ and /ɳɰ<sup>β</sup>/, respectively. The symbol [_] represents any vowel. | * tw_, dw_, nw_ correspond to /ʈɰ<sup>β</sup>/, /ɖɰ<sup>β</sup>/ and /ɳɰ<sup>β</sup>/, respectively. The symbol [_] represents any vowel. | ||
* - is used after h to eliminate confusion by separating syllables. For instance is pronounced as uh-eh as /u:i:/ while uheh as /uħe:/ | * ' corresponds to /ʔ/ | ||
* - is used after h to eliminate confusion by separating syllables. For instance is pronounced as uh-eh as /u:i:/ while uheh as /uħe:/ | |||
* ae corresponds to /äə/ or /äe̞/ or /e̞:/. In the latter two cases it is not a diphthong. | |||
* ai corresponds to /äɪ/ or /e̞ɪ/ but is usually pronounced /äɪ/. | |||
* au corresponds to /äu/, /äɯ<sup>β</sup>/ or /äʊ/ depending on the speaker's preference. | |||
* ay corresponds to /e̞ɪ/. When followed by a vowel it corresponds to /e̞j/. It may rarely be pronounced as /äj/ and not be a diphthong when y is part of a different syllable but that is unknown. | |||
* ei corresponds to /e̞ɪ/ or /i:/ (rarely) depending on the speaker's preference. | |||
* ey corresponds to /e̞ɪ/. When followed by a vowel it corresponds to /e̞j/. | |||
* ie corresponds to /äɪ/. | |||
* ou corresponds to /ou/, /oɯ<sup>β</sup>/, /oʊ/, /o̞u/, /o̞ɯ<sup>β</sup>/ or /o̞ʊ/ depending on the speaker's preference. | |||
* oy corresponds to /ɔɪ/ or /o̞ɪ/ depending on the speaker's preference. When followed by a vowel it corresponds to /ɔj/ and /o̞j/ respectively. | |||
* eay corresponds to /ɪe̞ɪ/. In this case the diphthong is /e̞ɪ/ and /ɪ/ is syllabic. | |||
* l corresponds to /ɺ<sup>ɽ</sup>~ɭ/. It can sometimes be pronounced as ɭ or ɺ<sup>ɽ</sup> ɺ<sup>ɽ</sup> by the same speaker due to phonological reasons. Most of the times though l is pronounced identically to r. | |||
* p corresponds to /p̪/. | |||
* v corresponds to /ʋ/. | |||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
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