Editing Insurrectionist

{{Era|UNSC|HCW}}
{{Rebels Sidebar}}
The '''Insurrectionists''', also known as '''insurgents''' and '''rebels''', are groups of [[human]] individuals devoted to complete liberation from the influence of the [[Unified Earth Government]] and the [[United Nations Space Command]]. They were the UNSC's main enemy during the [[Insurrection]], an undeclared civil war between the UNSC and the numerous insurrectionist movements across [[human colonies|human-controlled space]]. Some insurrectionist cells have formed more complex alliances or factions, including the [[United Rebel Front]].<ref group="note">The usage of the term "United Rebel Front" in certain pieces of recent official media is a result of a widespread misinterpretation originally appearing on Halopedia; the term was never used as a proper name in official material before its adoption by Halopedia, and since then has only been referenced extremely sparsely. The origin of this misconception is a singular reference to a "united rebel front" in ''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''. However, the lowercase lettering indicates the term is simply a descriptor used to refer to the nature of the Insurrectionists in question as opposed to being a proper name of an organization or group. This misunderstanding was carried over to the ''[[Halo Encyclopedia]]'', as a sizable portion of the content in the book is ostensibly based on that of Halopedia. For example, the rebel destroyer ''Origami'' is referred to as the "URF ''Origami''"; Halopedia had formerly titled the article as such, but the ship is only referred to as the ''Origami'' in the original source. Additionally, a reference to a "URF" is made in [[Halo: Reach radio conversations|''Halo: Reach'' radio conversations]], where it is used by a UNSC trooper to refer to the Insurrectionists. The description for the [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor/Oceanic|Oceanic]] armor variant in ''Halo 4'' also mentions the "United Rebel Front". Even though the name originates from a widespread fan misunderstanding, its usage in canon material cannot be entirely ignored.</ref> They are commonly called '''Innies''' by the [[UNSC Marine Corps|UNSC Marines]], an ironic name, as they actually "wanted ''out''."<ref>'''[[Halo: Contact Harvest]]''', ''page 11''</ref>

==History==
===Beginning===
{{Main|Insurrection}}
Most insurrectionist movements stirred in the [[Outer Colonies]] in the [[2494|late 25th century]], where many colonists started to demand independence from the Earth government, which they considered to be oppressive and imperialistic. However, over the next two decades, the fighting spread to some of the [[Inner Colonies]], particularly the [[Epsilon Eridani system]], the heart of the UNSC military. At the early years of the Insurrection, the rebels used a variety of tactics to combat the UNSC, ranging from terrorist attacks to ship-to-ship combat.

Around [[2511]], the rebels based in the Eridanus system had overthrown the colonial government of [[Eridanus II]] and largely controlled all activities within the system. The UNSC responded harshly, seeking to put down the rebellion forcibly. Also in 2511, a major insurrectionist terrorist attack occurred on [[Mamore]], when rebels detonated a [[nuclear weapon|nuclear device]] in the [[Haven arcology]], killing two million people and injuring 8.3 million.<ref>'''[[Halo: Reach]] [[Halo: Reach Limited Edition|Limited Edition]]''', ''[[Intersystem News]]: HAVEN TERROR BOMBING KILLS TWO MILLION''</ref>

Starting in [[2513]], [[Operation: TREBUCHET]] was one of the largest and farthest reaching operations ever conducted in UNSC military history. It was devised in order to rid UNSC-controlled space of the insurrectionists once and for all. In 2513, a space battle occurred between the Eridanus rebels and the UNSC as part of Operation: TREBUCHET. During the battle, the UNSC achieved a Pyrrhic victory with the loss of four destroyers. Unfortunately, elements of the rebellion escaped into the nearby Eridanus asteroid belt.<ref>'''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]]''', ''pages 75-76''</ref>

In [[2525]], the [[Office of Naval Intelligence]] reported that it had uncovered a breach within [[UNSC Fleet Command]]: there were several spies for the Insurrectionists within FLEETCOM. They had also discovered that the rebels were led by [[Colonel]] [[Robert Watts]] and that they had connections to the outside world and were being supplied by outside sources such as the cargo [[freighter]] ''[[Laden]]''.<ref>'''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]]''', ''pages 76-77''</ref> That year, a group of [[SPARTAN-II Program|SPARTAN-IIs]] underwent a covert operation and captured Watts from the very heart of the rebel operations base, the rebel stronghold at [[Eridanus Secundus]], killing many rebel soldiers and civilians who were present at the base.

===During the Human-Covenant War===
Following the beginning of the [[Human-Covenant War]] in [[2525]], Operation: TREBUCHET was promptly abandoned due to the [[Covenant]] threat. Despite the common threat for all mankind, many Insurrectionist movements continued to live on, still causing problems for the UNSC and forcing them to fight a two-front war: one against the Covenant and one against the insurrectionists.<ref>'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''page 45''</ref>

Sometime around [[2526]] UNSC forces were sent to put down Insurrection forces on [[Jericho VII]], [[ODST]]s were sent there for over 131 days, at some point they dropped into the area of an Insurrectionist stronghold.<ref>[[Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn]], Part 1</ref> At some point in 2526 an unknown group of Insurrectionists were engaging UNSC Marines and Spartan-II's when both sides came under attack by the Covenant; the two groups subsequently fought together against the aliens.<ref>'''Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn''', Part 3</ref>

By [[2531]], the  Insurrectionists' operations had been disrupted by a four-man team of SPARTAN-II supersoldiers known as [[Blue Team]]. The team disrupted rebel operations including ''[[Station Jefferson]]'', the destroyer ''[[Origami]]'', a saboteur cell on Reach, an incident in [[Micronesia]], and a high-explosives manufacturing facility at an unspecified location.<ref name="Onyx36">'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''page 36''</ref> In response, the rebels gathered three stolen [[FENRIS nuclear warhead]]s at [[Camp New Hope]] in a way so sloppy that the Office of Naval Intelligence easily noticed, then contacted the UNSC and offered to trade the nukes in exchange for medicine for their people suffering from [[Boren's Syndrome]]. They then set a trap for Blue Team, whom they anticipated would be sent. During the [[raid on Camp New Hope]], the rebels successfully ambushed [[John-117]], [[Frederic-104]], [[Kelly-087]] and [[Linda-058]] by using an [[antigravity plate]]. However, the rebels were unaware of the presence of a fifth Spartan; a new addition to the team, [[Kurt-051]], who had avoided the trap. Kurt was able to free the other members of Blue Team and they then retreated from the camp with the recovered warheads before the camp could launch a proper counterattack. [[General]] [[Howard Graves]] was killed in the process.

During the Human-Covenant War, Insurrectionists from the Outer Colony of [[Madrigal]] colonized and inhabited [[the Rubble]], a sophisticated asteroid habitat orbiting the gas giant [[Hesiod]]. In the Rubble, an uneasy truce existed between the [[human]]s and the [[Kig-Yar]] who had originally helped the Insurrectionists build the habitat. While the most of the Rubble's population were Insurrectionists, the Rubble also protected most of the surviving civilian populace of Madrigal.

During the [[Battle of Psi Serpentis]] in [[2543]], Insurrectionists actually helped [[Preston Jeremiah Cole|Admiral Cole]]. During the battle, an insurrectionist fleet led by the ''[[Bellicose]]'' suddenly entered the battle and launched a blitzkrieg-style attack against the Covenant fleet, decimating it, then just as it appeared the insurrectionist fleet jumped right back into slipspace. Ironically, this was the same ship Cole engaged three times earlier in his career.<ref name="cole">'''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe''', "The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole"</ref>

By [[2552]], most remaining Insurrectionist factions had ceased active aggression against the UNSC in order to concentrate on surviving the seemingly unstoppable Covenant advance. Still, some rebel movements actively opposed the UNSC on worlds such as [[Harmony]] and [[Reach]] as late as 2552. In 2552, the SPARTANs returned to the Eridanus asteroid belt aboard the {{UNSCship|Gettysburg}}-''[[Ascendant Justice]]'' hybrid vessel to make repairs. [[Jacob Jiles|Governor Jacob Jiles]] was the leader of the rebels at that time. Jiles engaged in a brief "showdown" with UNSC [[Vice Admiral]] [[Danforth Whitcomb]], in which Whitcomb threatened to fire ''Ascendant Justice'''s [[plasma turret]]s, while Jiles claimed to aim nuclear weapons at ''Ascendant Justice''. The two soon revealed to one another that all but one of Whitcomb's plasma cannons were nonfunctional and that Jiles' nukes were fake. Suddenly, a Covenant cruiser that had followed the trail of the vessel appeared in the system. After a short fight, the Covenant ship was destroyed  after dealing severe damage to the ''Gettysburg''-''Ascendant Justice''. Several days later, three dozen Covenant vessels appeared in the system, forcing the ''Gettysburg''-''Ascendant Justice'' to retreat. The Covenant then eradicated the base entirely. The Eridanus rebels were massacred in the process.

===Post-war===
After the end of the Human-Covenant War, many Insurrectionist movements which had ceased their operations during the war began to resurface. Entire colonies under Insurrectionist control had intentionally cut themselves off the UNSC's [[communications relay]] network during the war.<ref>'''Halo: Glasslands''', ''page 68''</ref> Despite the UNSC's attempts to broker peace with the surviving Outer Colonies and [[Fleet Admiral]] [[Terrence Hood]] embarking on a diplomatic mission to discuss reconstruction, entire colonies refused and cut all ties with the UNSC, which, according to them, had abandoned them during the war.<ref>'''Halo: Glasslands''', ''page 70''</ref> After the end of the war, many Insurrectionist cells were also able to acquire copious amounts of Covenant and UNSC weapons and equipment circulating in the [[black market]].<ref>'''Halo: Glasslands''', ''page 448''</ref>

Of particular significance to the reemerging Insurrectionist movement was the colony of [[Venezia]], which had become a nexus for rebel operations during the war, its Insurrectionist government having declared itself sovereign and eliminated the local CAA authorities.<ref name="glass86">'''Halo: Glasslands''', ''page 86''</ref>

The [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor/Wetwork]], a variant of the [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor (GEN2)]], was tested against the United Rebel Front on [[Talitsa]].<ref>[https://youtube.com/watch?v=PUnnftLRSzs&feature=player_detailpage#t=284s '''YouTube''': ''PAX Prime 2012 Day 1'']</ref>

== Resources ==
The insurrectionists, in particular the United Rebel Front, had highly organized intelligence divisions and a far-flung network of facilities, comprised of a network of different rebel movements, such as the Eridanus rebels. They have commanded facilities across human-controlled space, including Eridanus Secundus, Camp New Hope on planet [[Victoria]], and ''[[Station Jefferson]]'', which was located in the asteroid belt of Eridanus. They also had a high explosives manufacturing facility, operations of an unknown kind on [[Micronesia]], and a saboteur cell on [[Reach]]. All these operations were shut down by the Spartans of Blue Team.<ref name="Onyx36"/>

The Insurrectionists possess a multitude of warships and many operate fleets of varying sizes. Their most prominent fleet, commanded by [[Lyrenne Castilla]], would continue to exist well into the Human-Covenant War and unexpectedly aid Admiral Cole in the Battle of Psi Serpentis.<ref name="cole"/> At one point, the Insurrectionists managed to capture the [[UNSC destroyer|destroyer]] ''[[Origami]]''.<ref name="goo37">'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''page 37''</ref>

==Known groups==
===United Rebel Front===
{{Main|United Rebel Front}}
A major rebel group, the United Rebel Front is a well-organized alliance of several insurrectionist cells across multiple star systems. It was led by three turncoat UNSC generals, one of whom, [[General]] [[Howard Graves|Graves]], was killed by Spartan Blue Team on Victoria.

====Eridanus cell====
[[File:FoR_innies.png|thumb|250px|Insurrectionist soldiers in [[Eridanus Secundus]].]]
The Eridanus-based rebels utilized numerous vessels, including upgraded [[Dropship 77-Troop Carrier|Pelican]] dropships, [[Mako-class corvette]]s, and [[Chiroptera-class stealth vessel]]s as an improvised fleet. They had at least a hundred such vessels in their fleet at any time. Two [[Laden-class freighter]]s were also used as part of their improvised fleet, being used to tow the damaged hybrid vessel ''Gettysburg''/''Ascendant Justice'' back to Eridanus Secundus. They received almost everything in their armament and ships from pirating other vessels, including both civilian merchant vessels and UNSC warships. They also used [[Parabola-class freighter]]s such as the ''[[Laden]]'', to ship diverse equipment, resources, and weapons from planet systems to their base.

Their ability to infiltrate the UNSC ranks caused the UNSC to keep a small orbital force in the system to respond to rebel attacks. Another reason for their success was their location, which was extremely difficult and time-consuming to discover and was easily defended against even medium-scale assaults.

====111 Tauri cell====
Camp New Hope, the headquarters of Graves' rebel cell, had an impressive security system, even by Spartan standards: motion and seismic sensors, a triple layering of guards, trained dogs and overhead [[MAKO drone]]s. <ref name="Onyx31">'''Halo: Ghosts of Onyx''', ''page 31''</ref> They also had a number of arms, ranging from military grade MAKO drones and [[FENRIS nuclear warhead]]s to [[Archer missile]]s and [[.30 caliber light machine gun|.30 caliber ''"Confetti Maker"'' machine guns]].<ref name="Onyx31"/>

They also made use of a jury-rigged [[Warthog armored personnel carrier]]. They possess some "old technology that never panned out", such as the [[antigravity plate]], which Graves' cell used to fool the Spartans' armor systems into thinking they were in a 10 G environment, temporarily giving them decompression sickness, otherwise known as "the bends."

===Secessionist Union===
{{Main|Secessionist Union}}
The Secessionist Union was a small insurrection group on the planet, [[Harvest]]. Their leader, [[Jerald Mulkey Ander]], was assassinated by [[Corporal]] [[Avery Junior Johnson|Avery Johnson]] during [[Operation: KALEIDOSCOPE]].

===Unidentified rebel group===
{{Main|Unidentified insurrectionist group}}
An unnamed rebel group operated against the UNSC on the planets Harvest and [[Arcadia]], with possible influence on other colonies. The seal of this organization is of a stylized white fist on a red circle, and is found on nearly all of their units. They mainly used stolen technology from the UNSC.

===Freedom and Liberation Party===
{{Main|Freedom and Liberation Party}}
The Freedom and Liberation Party was a terrorist group on [[Mamore]]. The group claimed responsibility for the [[Haven arcology|Haven arcology bombing]] in [[2511]], and later demanded that the [[Colonial Military Administration]] leave the [[Eridanus sector]].

===People's Occupation===
{{Main|People's Occupation}}
This rebel group was known to have operated on [[Reach]], and its ultra-radical wing was initially suspected of causing the communications blackout at [[Visegrád Relay]] before the discovery of [[Covenant]] forces.

===Venezian movement===
{{Main|Venezia}}
Throughout the [[Human-Covenant War]], the Insurrectionist movement established a base of operations on the colony world of [[Venezia]]. All contact with the colony was lost by [[2543]] and it is presumed to have come under the control of an Insurrectionist government as the colony remained intact in [[2553]]. They are suspected to be planning a strike against [[Earth]] in a direct assault on the resurgent [[Unified Earth Government]].<ref name="glass86"/><ref>[http://www.amazon.com/Halo-Glasslands-Karen-Traviss/dp/0765323931/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1318870996&sr=8-1 '''Amazon.com —''' ''Halo: Glasslands'' product description]</ref>

Taking advantage of the disparity of the post-war situation, the Insurrectionists on Venezia had managed to acquire heavy weapons of both Covenant and UNSC origin, such as [[Type-38 Anti-Aircraft Cannon|Type-38 "Tyrant" AA cannons]] and [[M71 Anti-Aircraft Gun|M71 "Scythe" AA guns]].<ref>'''Halo: Glasslands''', ''page 444''</ref>

===Bandusa Insurrectionist group===
{{Main|Bandusa Insurrectionist group}}
This group had a cell operating in the [[Sol System]] on [[Mars]]. Two of its members, [[Christina Rice]] and [[James McCann]], were disguised as [[UNSC Army]] specialists working in [[New Harmony (city)|New Harmony]], Mars, where they were stealing weapons for a possible attack. They were arrested on April 2, [[2526]] by UNSC forces working alongside [[Office of Naval Intelligence|ONI]] agents.<ref>'''[[Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn]]''', ''Part 1''</ref>

==Tactics==
Different groups used different tactics.

*The Insurrectionists of Epsilon Eridani preferred to use terrorist tactics, striking targets with explosives to sow fear and chaos in the region.

*A common tactic was to use performance-enhancing drugs known as [[rumbledrug]]s that radically increased the subject's physical strength and pain tolerance, but would also cause irreversible physiological damage that would kill the user shortly after. Notably, they were used to combat the [[SPARTAN Program|Spartans]] due to the temporary superhuman strength they granted.

*Another prominent group focused more on space combat, capturing UNSC warships, such as the corvette'' [[UNSC Callisto|Callisto]]'' and the frigate ''[[Bellicose]]'', and turning them against the UNSC navy in bloody ship-to-ship duels throughout the Outer Colonies.

==Notable Insurrectionists==
*[[Jerald Mulkey Ander]]
*[[Peter Bonifacio]]
*[[Badia Campbell]]
*[[Lyrenne Castilla]]
*[[Diego Esquival]]
*[[Howard Graves]]
*[[Jacob Jiles]]
*[[Jason Kincaide]]
*[[Partch]]
*[[Robert Watts]]
*[[Soren-066]]
*[[Staffan Sentzke]]

==Trivia==
*In [[skirmish]] mode in ''[[Halo Wars]]'', most empty bases and unoccupied [[Forerunner]] artifacts are occupied by insurrectionists. The player must defeat them to claim the area.
*[[Jorge-052]], though supportive of the concept of colonial self-rule, nevertheless condemned the insurrectionists, as he disagreed with their methods.<ref name="bnet">[http://www.bungie.net/projects/reach/article.aspx?ucc=personnel&cid=24524 '''Bungie.net''': ''Jorge-052 Profile'']</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Origins rebel.jpg|An insurrectionist leader addressing a crowd.
File:URebels.png|A group of insurrectionists on Harvest.
File:FoR Watts.png|Colonel Robert Watts, a prominent Insurrectionist leader.
File:FoR Eridanus Secundus ext.png|The rebel base of Eridanus Secundus.
File:hw innie.jpg|''Halo Wars'' concept art of an [[Unidentified insurrectionist group|insurrectionist]].
File:Ex-Terra fist.png|"Ex-Terra" fist emblem on the wall of an Innie stronghold circa [[2526]].
File:Innie - truce.png|An Insurrectionist seeks a truce with a SPARTAN-II supersoldier circa 2526.
File:Innies flee Covenant.png|Insurrectionists flee to UNSC lines after being attacked by the Covenant circa 2526.
</gallery>

==List of appearances==
*''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]]'' {{1st}}
*''[[Halo: First Strike]]''
*''[[Halo: Ghosts of Onyx]]''
*''[[Halo: Contact Harvest]]''
*''[[Halo Wars]]''
*''[[Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe]]''
**''[[Pariah]]''
**''[[Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian]]'' {{Mo}}
**''[[Dirt]]''
**''[[The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole]]''
*''[[Halo Legends]]''
**''[[Origins]]''
*''[[Halo: The Cole Protocol]]''
*''[[Halo: Reach]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Halo: Glasslands]]''
*''[[Halo 4]]'' {{Mo}}
*''[[Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn]]

==Notes==
<references group="note"/>

==Sources==
<references/>
{{Major Factions}}
{{Insurrection}}

==Related links==
*[[Frieden]]
*[[Koslovics]]
[[Category:Insurrection| ]]
[[Category:Factions]]