Editing Halo: Combat Evolved

{{Title|''Halo: Combat Evolved''}}
{{Disambig header|the game|the [[Halo 5: Guardians]] medal|Combat Evolved (medal)}}
{{Era|RW}}
{{Game Infobox
|name= ''Halo: Combat Evolved''
|image= [[File:Halo Combat Evolved cover.png|250px]]
|developer= [[Bungie|Bungie Studios]]<br> [[Gearbox Software]] (PC)<br> Westlake Interactive (Mac)
|writer=[[Joseph Staten]]
|composer=[[Martin O'Donnell]]<br>[[Michael Salvatori]]
|publisher= [[Microsoft Game Studios]]<br> [[Gearbox Software]] (PC)<br> MacSoft (Mac)
|platform= [[Xbox]], [[PC]], [[Mac]]
|releasedate= '''XBox:'''<br> '''US''': November 15, 2001<br />
'''UK''': March 14, 2002<br>'''PC:'''<br> '''US''': September 30, 2003<br />
'''UK''': October 10, 2003<br>'''Mac:'''<br> '''US''': December 3, 2003
|genre= [[First-person shooter]]
|modes= [[Campaign]]<br>[[Multiplayer]]
|rating= [[Wikipedia:Entertainment Software Ratings Board|ESRB]]: Mature (M) for Blood, Gore, and Violence<br>
[[Wikipedia:Pan European Game Information|PEGI]]: 16+ (Europe only)
}}
{{Quote|Halo: Combat Evolved! Buy one! Heck, buy two! That's an order, soldier!|[[Avery Junior Johnson|Sergeant Johnson]] upon completion of the [[Halo: Combat Evolved Trial|''Halo: Combat Evolved'' demo]]}}
'''''Halo: Combat Evolved''''' is a [[2001]] [[first-person shooter]] science-fiction video game developed by [[Bungie|Bungie Studios]] and the first game in the ''[[Halo (disambiguation)|Halo]]'' series. It focuses on [[John-117]] and the crew of the {{UNSCShip|Pillar of Autumn}} who, fleeing from the [[Fall of Reach]], stumble on the [[Forerunner]] [[Halo]] [[Installation 04]], only to be forced into a [[Battle of Installation 04|desperate battle]] against the [[Covenant]] and the [[Flood]]. Considered a classic, ''Combat Evolved'' is one of the most popular video games for the Xbox with eight million copies sold. Its sales are rivaled only by its sequels, ''[[Halo 2]]'' and ''[[Halo 3]]''.

''Halo: Combat Evolved'' has been made available as an ''Xbox Original'' game title for Xbox 360 since December 4, 2007 for download on [[Xbox LIVE|Xbox Live Marketplace]] for 1200 Microsoft Points.<ref>[http://marketplace.xbox.com/en-US/games/media/66acd000-77fe-1000-9115-d8024d53084c/ '''Xbox Marketplace''': ''Halo: Combat Evolved'']</ref> It was also [[Halo: Combat Evolved (PC port)|released for PC and Mac]]. The game was remastered as ''[[Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary]]'' and was released on the original game's tenth anniversary on November 15, 2011 for the Xbox 360. Along with ''[[Halo 2: Anniversary]]'', ''[[Halo 3]]'', and ''[[Halo 4]]'', ''Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary'' was released on the [[Xbox One]] as part of ''[[Halo: The Master Chief Collection]]'' on November 11, [[2014]]. ''Halo: The Master Chief Collection'' also features the multiplayer component of ''Combat Evolved'', with online play enabled on dedicated servers.<ref>[https://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/games/halo-the-master-chief-collection '''Halo Waypoint''': ''Halo: The Master Chief Collection'']</ref>

== Synopsis ==
=== Characters and setting ===
''Halo''<nowiki />'s storyline is linear; there is a single ending in contrast to other first person shooters such as ''[[wikipedia:Deus Ex|Deus Ex]]'' that could have several different endings. The storyline is presented to the player through an instruction manual, scripted events and conversations during the game, and a number of cut-scenes rendered using the game's graphics engine. This method of storyline delivery is common among modern video games. The Xbox version of ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' allows one player to play the campaign alone, as well as allowing two players to play through the campaign in split screen. The [[Halo: Combat Evolved (PC port)|PC version of ''Halo: Combat Evolved'']] allows only one player to play through the campaign.

=== Plot synopsis ===
<onlyinclude>{{Spoiler/begin}}
<!-- Synopsis means keeping the minor details out and just focus on the big picture! Don't elaborate! -->
''Halo: Combat Evolved'' begins with the {{UNSCShip|Pillar of Autumn}} emerging out of [[slipstream space|slipspace]] after the [[Fall of Reach]], only to find [[Installation 04|a huge ring world]]—a "[[Halo Array|Halo]]"—floating in space. [[Master Chief Petty Officer]] [[John-117]] (although his name is never mentioned throughout the game), a [[SPARTAN-II program|SPARTAN-II]], is aboard the ''Pillar of Autumn'' when the ship comes under attack by the [[Covenant Empire|Covenant]], a religious alliance of aliens and the archenemy of humanity.

With the ship about to be overrun, [[Captain (Navy)|Captain]] [[Jacob Keyes]], the commander of the ''Autumn'', orders John-117 to protect the ship's [[artificial intelligence]], [[Cortana]]. She carries highly sensitive information about the [[United Nations Space Command]], including the location of [[Earth]], which would prove disastrous if captured by the Covenant. John-117 evacuates the doomed ship for the surface of Halo to protect Cortana. With the UNSC Marines by his side, Cortana providing direction, and his [[MA5B Individual Combat Weapon System|assault rifle]] ready and loaded, John-117 sets out to uncover the mysteries of Halo and fight the Covenant. 

After meeting up with surviving UNSC forces under [[Staff Sergeant]] [[Avery Johnson]], John-117 participates in a mission to rescue Captain Keyes from the Covenant cruiser ''[[Truth and Reconciliation]]''. After rescuing the Captain, Cortana learns that [[Installation 04|Halo]] appears to be a weapon that holds great religious significance to the Covenant. Realizing that the Covenant cannot be allowed to control Halo, Keyes dispatches John-117 to secure Halo's control room while he leaves with Johnson to secure a Covenant weapons cache. 

With UNSC Marines as support, John-117 leads an assault on the [[Silent Cartographer]], a map room which holds information on every location on the ring, including the control room. Heading to the ring's control room, Cortana is inserted into the ring's computer system and learns that Halo was made by the [[Forerunner]]s, an ancient alien race that the Covenant worship as gods. However, Cortana soon learns that there is something else on Halo, something that terrifies the Covenant. Frightened, she says that John has to stop Keyes from accessing the "weapons cache" before it is too late. John-117 leaves for the last spot where Captain Keyes and Sergeant Johnson's squad were seen, an underground facility in a swamp. He finds evidence of battle all over the facility, and soon finds a recording of [[Wallace A. Jenkins|one Marine]], which details Keyes' squad encountering a new threat: the [[Flood]]. 

The Flood is a parasitic species which received their name due to the way they assimilate all resistance with overwhelming numbers. Free for the first time in a hundred thousand years, the Flood sweeps across Halo, devastating Human and Covenant forces alike. The release of the Flood prompts [[343 Guilty Spark]], the eccentric AI [[Monitor]] of the ring, to activate Halo's defense systems. The AI instructs the SPARTAN-II to activate Halo by obtaining the [[Activation Index]] from the Installation's [[Library]]. The Chief does so, battling hordes of Flood along the way, and returns to the control room. Before Halo initiates its systems, Cortana intervenes and tells John the truth about the Forerunner structure and its purpose- Halo was designed to eliminate the Flood threat by starving the Flood of any life source large enough to sustain them; when fired, it would essentially wipe out all sentient life in the galaxy. Realizing the threat of Halo, Cortana instructs John-117 to detonate the ''Autumn''<nowiki />'s fusion reactor. This detonation would result in the destruction of Halo, which was against 343 Guilty Spark's protocol. 

Before doing so, the two sabotage three generators needed to power Halo, which buys them enough time to locate Captain Keyes, now succumbed to the Flood, and steal his neural implants to operate the ''Autumn''. After battling his way through scattered and disorganized Covenant forces, the spreading Flood, and the Sentinels under direct command of 343 Guilty Spark, John-117 successfully overloads the ship's engine, and he and Cortana evacuate from Halo in a [[GA-TL1 Longsword|Longsword]] before the ''Autumn''<nowiki />'s engine detonates and destroys Halo. The pair appears to be the only survivors, and John-117 realizes that they are simply beginning a harrowing battle.
{{Spoiler/end}}</onlyinclude>

==Appearances==
{{Featurelist|secondcolumn=title-5
|title-1=Characters|
;Human
*[[Avery Johnson]]
*[[Bisenti]]
*[[Carol Rawley|Carol "Foehammer" Rawley]] {{1st}}
*[[Chips Dubbo]] {{1st}}
*[[Jacob Keyes]]
*[[John-117]]
*[[Kappus]] {{1st}}
*[[Lovik]] {{1st}}
*[[M. Fitzgerald]] {{1st}}
*[[Manuel Mendoza]] {{1st}}
*[[Marcus Stacker]] {{1st}}
*[[Riley]] {{1st}}
*[[Samuel Marcus]] {{1st}}
*[[Thom Shepard]] {{1st}}
*[[Wallace Jenkins]] 

;AI
*[[343 Guilty Spark]] {{1st}}
*[[Cortana]]

;Sangheili
*[[Lat 'Ravamee]] {{1st}}
*[[Zuka 'Zamamee]] {{1st}}

;Forerunner
*[[IsoDidact]] {{Fm}} {{Im}}

|title-2=Species and entities|
*[[Flood]] {{1st}}
**[[Pod infector]] {{1st}}
**[[Flood combat form]] {{1st}}
**[[Flood carrier form]] {{1st}}
*[[Forerunner constructs]]
*[[Human]]
**[[UNSC Marine Corps]]
***[[Orbital Drop Shock Troopers]]
*[[Kig-Yar]] (''Ruuhtian'')
**[[Kig-Yar Minor|Minor]] {{1st}}
**[[Kig-Yar Major|Major]] {{1st}}
*[[Lekgolo]]
**[[Mgalekgolo]]
*[[Sangheili]]
**[[Field Master]] {{1st}}
**[[Sangheili Major|Major]] {{1st}}
**[[Sangheili Minor|Minor]]
**[[Special Operations Sangheili|SpecOps]] {{1st}}
**[[Stealth Sangheili|Stealth]] {{1st}}
**[[Sangheili Zealot|Zealot]] {{1st}}
*[[Unggoy]]
**[[Special Operations Unggoy|SpecOps]] {{1st}}
**[[Unggoy Major|Major]]
**[[Unggoy Minor|Minor]]

|title-3=Organizations|
**[[UEG]]
**[[United Nations Space Command]]
***[[UNSC Marine Corps]]
***[[UNSC Navy]]
****[[UNSC Special Forces|Naval Special Warfare]]
*****[[SPARTAN-II program]]
*[[Covenant]]
**[[Covenant military]]
**[[Covenant fleet]]
***[[Fleet of Particular Justice]]

|title-4=Locations|
*[[Epsilon Eridani system]]
**[[Reach]] {{Mo}}
*[[Soell|Soell system]]
**[[Threshold]]
***[[Installation 04]]
****[[Cartographer]] {{1st}}
****[[Control Room (Installation 04)|Control Room]] {{1st}}
****[[Index chamber]] {{1st}}
****[[Library]] {{1st}}
***[[Basis]]

|title-5=Events|
*[[Human-Covenant War]]
**[[Battle of Installation 04]] {{1st}}
**[[Fall of Reach]] {{Mo}}

|title-6=Weapons|
====UNSC====
;Usable
*[[M231 machine gun]]
*[[M41 rocket launcher]]
*[[M41 Vulcan]]
*[[M512 smooth-bore high-velocity cannon]]
*[[M6D magnum]]
*[[M9 fragmentation grenade]]
*[[M90 shotgun]]
*[[MA5B assault rifle]]
*[[SRS99C-S2 AM sniper rifle]]

;Unusable
*[[110mm rotary cannon]] {{1st}}
*[[120mm ventral gun]] {{1st}}
*[[M370 autocannon]]
*[[Magnetic Accelerator Cannon]]
*[[Point-defense gun]]
**[[M910 point defense network]]

====Covenant====
;Usable
*[[Class-2 directed energy cannon]]
*[[Fuel rod cannon]]
*[[Type-1 plasma grenade]]
*[[Type-25 plasma pistol]]
*[[Type-25 plasma rifle]]
*[[Type-29 Shade]] {{1st}}
*[[Type-33 Needler]]

;Unusable
*[[Energy projector]]
*[[Heavy plasma cannon]]
*[[Class-1 directed energy cannon#Medium plasma cannon (Wraith)|Medium plasma cannon]]
*[[Plasma cannon (starship)|Plasma cannon]]
*[[Pulse laser turret]]
*[[Type-1 energy sword]] {{1st}}
*[[Plasma mortar#Type-26 35cm Directed-Energy Mortar|Type-26 Directed-Energy Mortar]]
*[[Unidentified fuel rod gun]] {{1st}}

====Forerunner====
;Unusable
*[[Sentinel beam]] {{1st}}

|title-7=Vehicles|
====UNSC====
;Usable
*[[M12 Warthog]]
**[[M12 Chaingun Warthog]]
*[[M808B Scorpion]]

;Unusable
*[[GA-TL1 Longsword]] {{c|C709 variant}}
*[[D77-TC Pelican]]
*{{Class|Halcyon|light cruiser}}
**{{UNSCShip|Pillar of Autumn}}
*[[Class-3 Bumblebee]]

====Covenant====
;Usable
*[[Type-26 Banshee]]
*[[Type-32 Ghost]]

;Unusable
*[[Type-26 Wraith]]
*[[Type-28 Tick]] {{1st}}
*{{Class|CCS|battlecruiser}} {{1st}}
**''[[Truth and Reconciliation]]'' {{1st}}
*[[Type-25 Spirit]]

|title-8=Technology and equipment|
;[[Power-up]]s
*[[Active camouflage]]
*[[Overshield]] {{1st}}

;Armor
*[[Kig-Yar combat harness]]
*[[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor]]
**[[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor/Mark V|Mark V]]
*[[Sangheili harness]]
**[[Combat harness]]
**[[Sangheili Zealot#Ceremonial battle harness|Ceremonial battle harness]]
*[[Unggoy combat harness]]

;Other
*[[Artificial intelligence]]
**[[Smart AI]]
**[[Monitor]] {{1st}}
*[[Covenant portable shield]] {{1st}}
*[[Covenant storage device]] {{1st}}
*[[Energy shielding]]
**[[Sangheili personal energy shield]]
*[[Fusion drive]]
*[[Fusion reactor]]
*[[Identification friend or foe]] {{1st}}
*[[Kig-Yar point defense gauntlet]]
*[[Methane tank]]
*[[Repulsor engine]]
*[[Sentinel]] {{1st}}
**[[Aggressor Sentinel]] {{1st}}
*[[Spoofer]] {{1st}}
*[[Methane tank]]
*[[Data crystal chip]]
*[[M4 field disk]]
*[[Health pack]]
*[[Unggoy combat harness]]
*[[UNSC Navy uniforms]]
**[[UNSC Navy Service Uniform]]
**[[UNSC Navy working uniform]]
}}

== Gameplay ==
''Halo: Combat Evolved''<nowiki />'s gameplay was characterized by several features which set it apart from less acclaimed first-person shooter games of its time.
* '''Storyline execution:''' ''Halo: Combat Evolved''<nowiki />'s gameplay and storyline are tightly interwoven, delivered in a convincing manner consistent with the flow of the game.
* '''Vehicular incorporation:''' ''Halo: Combat Evolved''<nowiki />'s includes the option for players to control multiple land and air based vehicles in third-person view. This vantage brings a welcomed sense of immersion and enhances specific points of gameplay, again setting Halo apart from contemporary first person shooters.
* '''Weapons system:''' ''Halo: Combat Evolved''<nowiki />'s new weapons system is unique in two major respects. The first is only allowing players to carry two weapons at a time, thus forcing the player to make trade-offs as they progress throughout the game. The second is a single, separate button for throwing grenades, making them much more significant in both campaign and multiplayer games.
* '''Artificial intelligence:''' ''Halo: Combat Evolved''<nowiki />'s AI is quite sophisticated for its era. With a brand new advanced AI system, actions performed by the AI such as panicking after the death of a superior, diving out of the way of an oncoming vehicle, or taking cover from explosives and suppressive fire, helped ''Halo'' stand out from the rest of the first-person shooters being released at the time.

Movement in ''Halo'' is similar to other first-person shooters, allowing the player to move forwards, backwards, and strafe left and right (including diagonally) independently of their aim. On the Xbox, moving and aiming are normally separated between the two analogue sticks, and on the [[Halo: Combat Evolved (PC port)|PC]], between the keyboard and the mouse. ''Halo'' also allows the player to crouch and jump, although jumping from a high ledge will often result in death, or at least major fall damage. Damage from falling can be reduced or negated entirely with a well-timed crouch right as one lands. Additionally, if the player [[crouch Jumping|crouches at the peak of his jump]], he will be able to land on something slightly taller than if he were to jump without crouching. Also, if the player is jumping from a cliff he can make sure he is touching the wall periodically while he is falling. This will count as if he is touching floor, and every time the player touches the wall, the damage counter goes to zero (there is no visible damage counter during gameplay).

=== Environment ===
''Halo: Combat Evolved'' features a wide variety of environments including human and Covenant starships, ancient buildings on [[Installation 04|Halo]] itself, and expansive outdoor climates. The first level, ''Pillar of Autumn'', is fought entirely on the human starship of the same name. The next level, ''Halo'', takes place in a temperate highland climate with open-air Forerunner structures scattered about. This level also contains the famous "Blue Beam Towers". ''Truth and Reconciliation'' begin in a rocky desert, but the setting changes to the titular Covenant cruiser about one-third of the way through. ''The Silent Cartographer'' occurs on a tropical island, with substantial combat both outdoors and inside futuristic Forerunner installations. ''Assault on the Control Room'' takes place in a snowy, icy area of towering cliffs and underground tunnels as well as high-tech suspension bridges and oft-repeated Forerunner structures built into and through cliff walls.

''343 Guilty Spark'' is a significant departure from these majestic environments, with combat in gloomy, exotic swamps and equally gloomy underground complexes that host the player's introduction to the Flood. The player is then teleported to the second of three entirely indoor levels, ''The Library'', encountering repetitive, forbidding hallways and massive elevators. Master Chief returns to the snowy climate of Assault on the Control Room for ''Two Betrayals'', visiting almost no new areas but, interestingly, travelling in the opposite direction. ''Keyes'' occurs in the same Covenant ship from ''Truth and Reconciliation'', albeit now heavily damaged, but this time the Flood are present in huge numbers. Finally, ''The Maw'' is set on the Pillar of Autumn with three major differences: the presence of the Flood, the heavy structural damage, and access to the Engineering section and service corridors of the ship, which were previously off-limits. In total, six of the ten levels feature a substantial amount of combat outdoors.

=== Player damage system ===
In ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', the player has a limited, non-regenerating [[health]], which can be fully restored by picking up [[health pack]]s. Running completely out of health will result in death, but having lower health does not impede player actions.  A player's health can be reduced only if his shields have been depleted. If the player's health is at minimal levels they will faintly hear John-117's heartbeat.

Serving as the first layer of protection is the shielding system specially built for the [[MJOLNIR Powered Assault Armor|MJOLNIR Mk. V armor]]. The shield will decrease in strength every time it is hit by a weapon and will fail after taking too many hits or freefall from certain altitude. The amount of shield drain depends on the attacker's weapon but will quickly regenerate if it is not hit for a brief period of time. The shield represents a marked departure from most first-person shooters, in which one's health bar is basically augmented by picking up "armor".

=== Damage Environment Mechanics ===
In ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', splatter kills are an easy task for all vehicles. With a simple touch, most characters, including John-117 and [[Mgalekgolo|Hunters]] can die instantly. This also includes the Shade Turret; if the Turret moves and hits someone, the victim will die instantly. Fall damage also has limits; if falling speed exceeds the maximum shield and health cap, the player will be killed instantly, regardless of whether they are touching a wall in the environment, though the damage can be nullified if player is using vehicles, unless out of bounds. Scorpion tanks and Warthogs are invulnerable to any attack, with damage taken to either vehicles will instead be applied to the driver. Ghosts and Banshees, however, can be destroyed if the pilot is mounting it.

=== Campaign ===
The campaign in ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' can be played by single-player or cooperatively. In [[cooperative play]], the second player takes control of an identical copy of the Master Chief. This second player, however, will not appear in any cutscene in the game.

The game's campaign consists of ten levels: 
#[[The Pillar of Autumn (Halo: Combat Evolved level)|The Pillar of Autumn]] - ''"Escape intact as Covenant forces board your ship."''
#[[Halo (Halo: Combat Evolved level)|Halo]] - ''"Seek out surviving Marines and help them fight the Covenant."''
#[[The Truth and Reconciliation]] - ''"Board a Covenant ship in an attempt to rescue Captain Keyes."''
#[[The Silent Cartographer]] - ''"Search for the map room that will lead you to the secrets of Halo."''
#[[Assault on the Control Room]] - ''"Defend the Control Room against wave after wave of Covenant troops."''
#[[343 Guilty Spark (level)|343 Guilty Spark]] - ''"Creep through a swamp to meet the only enemy the Covenant fear."''
#[[The Library]] - ''"Fight your way through an ancient security facility in search of the Index."''
#[[Two Betrayals]] - ''"Re-activate the weapon at the heart of Halo... and learn the truth."''
#[[Keyes]] - ''"Stage a one-cyborg assault on a Covenant ship and bring back the Captain."''
#[[The Maw]] - ''"Destroy Halo before Halo destroys all life in the galaxy."''

=== Multiplayer ===
Up to four players can play together using the same-console splitscreen mode. It is also possible for up to 16 players to play together in one ''Halo'' game over a [[wikipedia:LAN|local area network]], using Xbox and/or Xbox 360 consoles that have been connected through an [[wikipedia:ethernet|ethernet]] hub, or via Xbox Connect. The game's seamless support for this type of play, and a few large maps that can accommodate up to 16 combatants, is a first for console games. Since the game was released before the launch of Xbox Live, mainstream online play was not available for this title.

A total of 13 multiplayer maps are available:
*[[Battle Creek]]
*[[Sidewinder]]
*[[Damnation]]
*[[Rat Race]]
*[[Prisoner]]
*[[Hang 'Em High]]
*[[Chill Out]]
*[[Derelict]]
*[[Boarding Action]]
*[[Chiron TL-34]]
*[[Blood Gulch]]
*[[Wizard]]
*[[Longest]]

== Development ==
{{Main|Development of Halo: Combat Evolved}}
=== Design ===
{{Main|Pre-Xbox Halo}}
[[File:Halo 072199.jpg|thumb|200px|left|The first official screenshot of Halo.]]
[[File:PreXbox_Ring.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The old heads-up display and a Halo that has fallen under disrepair. This design was eventually [[Installation 08|incorporated]] into [[Halo 3]].]]
On July 21, 1999, during the Macworld Conference & Expo, Steve Jobs announced that ''Halo'' would be released for Mac OS and Windows simultaneously.<ref>[http://pc.ign.com/articles/068/068975p1.html '''IGN''': ''Heavenly "Halo"'']</ref> Before this public announcement, game industry journalists under a non-disclosure agreement had previewed the game in a private showing during [[Electronic Entertainment Expo|E3 1999]], and were reportedly amazed.<ref>[http://halo.bungie.org/pressscans/display.html?scan=pcgamerusoct99 '''PC Gamer''': ''Your first look at... "Halo"'']</ref> Bungie Studios later stated an even earlier development build of the game centered on [[real-time strategy]] and was "basically ''[[Myth]]'' in a sci-fi universe."<ref>[http://bungie.net/Inside/CustomPage.aspx?section=History&subsection=Main&page=6 '''Bungie.net''': ''Inside Bungie: History'']</ref>

At [[Electronic Entertainment Expo|E3 2000]], the first trailer of ''Halo'' was well-received.<ref>[http://www.bluesnews.com/a/38 '''Blue's News''': ''Blue's News Best of E3 2000'']</ref> The version shown there differed greatly from the one exhibited previously, marking the first major overhaul in the game's development.<ref>[http://halo.bungie.org/faq/media.html '''halo.bungie.org''': ''Frequently Asked Questions about "Halo"'']</ref> At this point, ''Halo'' was a third-person action game, in which a transport starship crashlands on a mysterious ring world that orbits a star. Early versions of Covenant aliens appear in great numbers and loot what they can, and war erupts between them and the humans. Unable to match the technologically advanced alien race, the humans on the ring world resort to guerrilla warfare.<ref>[http://halo.bungie.org/pressscans/display.html?scan=cgw1199 '''Computer Gaming World''': ''Games That Will Change Gaming'']</ref> This version of the game featured ''Halo''-specific fauna, which were later dropped because of design difficulties and the creatures' "detract from the surprise, drama and impact of the Flood."<ref>[https://halo.bungie.net/News/content.aspx?cid=630 '''Bungie.net''': ''One Million Years B.X. (Before Xbox)'']</ref>

[[Microsoft]] announced on June 19, 2000 that it had acquired Bungie Studios.<ref>[http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/press/2000/Jun00/BungiePR.mspx '''Microsoft''': ''Microsoft to Acquire Bungie Software'']</ref> ''Halo'' became an exclusive game for Microsoft's [[Xbox]], and Bungie Studios rewrote the game's engine, heavily altering its presentation and turning it into a [[first-person shooter]].<ref>[http://www.gamecritics.com/feature/preview/halo_xbox/page01.php '''GameCritics''': ''"Halo" (Xbox) Preview'']</ref> Originally a key element, the game's online multiplayer component was dropped because [[Xbox Live]] would be unfinished at the time of ''Halo''<nowiki />'s release. While a playable demonstration of the game at Gamestock 2001 was well-received,<ref>[http://xbox.ign.com/articles/098/098271p1.html '''IGN''': ''Playable "Halo" at GameStock'']</ref> critics had mixed reactions to its exhibition at E3 2001.<ref>[http://halo.bungie.org/pressscans/display.html?scan=nextgen.0501 '''halo.bungie.org''': ''"Next Generation Magazine"'']</ref><ref>[http://www.firingsquad.com/features/2001e3part1/ '''FiringSquad''': ''2001 E3 Part 1''']</ref><ref>[http://halo.bungie.org/pressscans/display.html?scan=gamepro.0501 '''halo.bungie.org''': ''"GamePro"'']</ref> Roughly 90% of the final product was developed in just nine months of development, with team members working 16–20 hours a day for six days per week between January and October 2001.<ref>[https://twitter.com/Dr_Abominable/status/1061172229990481920 Paul Russel on Twitter]</ref>

The novel ''[[Halo: The Fall of Reach]]'' by [[Eric Nylund]] was commissioned by Microsoft to serve as a prequel to ''Halo: Combat Evolved''. During the writing of ''The Fall of Reach'', Bungie reportedly almost cancelled the novel but was convinced by [[Eric S. Trautmann]] to approve it in exchange for himself, [[Matt Soell]] and [[Brannon Boren]] writing an estimated "80 percent" of the in-game dialogue of ''Halo: Combat Evolved''. The dysfunctional relationship between Bungie and the Microsoft team working on the game created some disconnect - the notorious "this cave is not a natural formation" line was caused by Bungie promising that the environment would not be immediately obvious as an artificial formation. According to Trautmann, a number of Bungie employees resented the presence of Microsoft employees.<ref>[http://scifishow.libsyn.com/005-dc-reboot-trautmann-interview-round-2-of-our-quiz '''The Sci Fi Show''': ''Episode 005: DC Reboot/Eric Trautmann'']</ref>

The game was released in North America simultaneously with the Xbox, on November 15, 2001; the "Combat Evolved" subtitle was an addition by marketers at Microsoft, who felt that ''Halo'' alone was not a descriptive enough title to compete with other military-themed games.<ref>'''Edge''': ''A Space Odyssey'' (''"Quote"'' '''Jaime Griesemer''': At the time, Microsoft marketing thought ''Halo'' was not a good name for a videogame brand. It wasn't descriptive like all the military games we were competing with. We told them ''Halo'' was the name. The compromise was they could add a subtitle. Everyone at Bungie hated it. But it turned out to be a very sticky label and has now entered the gaming lexicon… so I guess in hindsight it was a good compromise. But the real name of the game is just ''Halo''.)</ref>

=== Audio ===
[[File:HaloSoundtrackCover.jpg|200px|right|thumb|Cover Art]]
''Halo''<nowiki />'s soundtrack was created by [[Bungie Studios]]' audio director, [[Martin O'Donnell]], and received a large amount of praise from many critics. Martin O'Donnell has stated that his goal was to provide "a feeling of importance, weight, and sense of the 'ancient'."<ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20070301150741/http://www.xbox.com/en-US/games/h/halo/themakers3.htm '''Xbox.com''': ''Just the Right Sense of Ancient'']</ref> He designed the music so that it "could be dissembled and remixed in such a way that would give [him] multiple, interchangeable loops that could be randomly recombined in order to keep the piece interesting as well as a variable length". Development involved the creation of "alternative middle sections that could be transitioned to if the game called for such a change (i.e. less or more intense)."<ref>[http://www.music4games.net/Features_Display.aspx?id=24 '''Music4Games''': ''The Use and Effectiveness of Audio in "Halo": Game Music Evolved'']</ref>

Martin O'Donnell has remarked that he "sat with the level designers and 'spotted' the level as though it was a movie, with the knowledge that the music would have to be malleable rather than static... [T]he level designer would tell me what he hoped a player would feel at certain points or after accomplishing certain tasks". Based on this information, O'Donnell would "go back and develop appropriate music cues, then have the designer script the cues into the level, and then we'd play through it to see if it worked as desired."<ref>[http://www.music4games.net/Features_Display.aspx?id=24 '''Music4Games''': ''The Use and Effectiveness of Audio in Halo: Game Music Evolved'']</ref> He explained that the use of music in ''Halo'' is sparse because he believes that "[music] is best used in a game to quicken the emotional state of the player and it works best when used least", and that "[if] music is constantly playing it tends to become sonic wallpaper and loses its impact when it is needed to truly enhance some dramatic component of game play."<ref>[http://halo.bungie.org/misc/gdc.2002.music/ '''halo.bungie.org''': ''Producing Audio for "Halo"'']</ref>

==== Halo: Original Soundtrack ====
{{Main|Halo: Original Soundtrack}}
''Halo: Original Soundtrack'', composed and produced by [[Martin O'Donnell]] and [[Michael Salvatori]] for the video game ''Halo: Combat Evolved,'' is one CD comprising 26 tracks. Some editions include a bonus DVD with game trailers for ''Halo 2''. Most of the music from ''Halo: Combat Evolved ''is present on the CD, although some songs are remixed and some tracks are intermixed with others in medley form. It was released in 2001.

== Marketing and release ==
=== Demonstration ===
{{main|Halo E3 2000 Trailer}}
In 2000 at E3, Bungie showed off a trailer of the upcoming game to the public. This trailer featured Marines along with the Master Chief scouting out a Forerunner structure and the Covenant fighting them. During this trailer there was still no active AI so all the Covenant was actually controlled by Bungie. This trailer was before the conversion to the Xbox as an FPS.

=== Viral campaign ===
{{Main|Cortana Letters}}
Before ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' was released, a series of cryptic emails were sent to [http://marathon.bungie.org/ marathon.bungie.org]. The emails were supposedly written by Cortana, but the contents written were greatly out of her character. Her hacking skills, however, were shown, having some of the messages from other email accounts and even from the 1.3 version of the Bungie game ''Myth: The Fallen Lords'' CD. These messages provided a small glimpse of the ''Halo'' Trilogy plot.

=== Package ===
The game shipped with a game disk, and a [[Halo: Combat Evolved Manual|manual]] detailing how to play the game and why everything is happening so far in the story.

=== Reception ===
''Halo'' was the main launch title for Xbox and is said to be the game that made the Xbox what it is today. It was widely renowned for saving the fledgling Xbox platform, as the Xbox lacked any titles to compete with Sony's PlayStation 2 or Nintendo's GameCube. ''Halo'' became an overnight success and managed to drive the platform from the brink of an early death. It went on to sell 6.43 million copies; in other words, 26% of all Xbox owners also owned ''Halo''.<ref>[http://www.vgchartz.com/game/939/halo-combat-evolved/ '''VG Chartz''': ''Halo: Combat Evolved'']</ref><ref>[http://www.vgchartz.com/platforms/ '''VG Chartz''': ''Platforms'']</ref>

It was also critically acclaimed. IGN gave the game a 9.7 out of 10 and stated it to be the best Xbox game of all time. X-Play gave it a perfect 5 out of 5. The game got a perfect ten from EGM, and was 2002 Game of the Year for IGN, EGM, OXM, and AIAS. It got a 9.5 out of 10 from Game Informer, and an average meta-score of 97 out of 100, making it the most highly rated Xbox game of all time. It also got a score of 9.0 for the PC version and 9.7 for the Xbox version from Gamespot. It was also called the game that reinvented a genre. OXM rated ''Halo: CE'' Number 1 in a list of the 100 best games of recent memory, saying "''The Xbox did not create Halo, Halo made the Xbox''".

===Rereleases===
*'''2003''' - Rereleased for PC and Mac platforms as ''[[Halo: Combat Evolved (PC port)|''Halo: Combat Evolved'' for PC]]''.
*'''2004''' - Rereleased with a special version of the Xbox in the United States, Australia and New Zealand. This version was translucent green and came with a copy of Halo: Combat Evolved and a matching translucent green Controller S. The console case featured the Halo logo and the words "Special Edition"; the controller had a jewel that had the Halo logo in place of the normal Xbox logo. The version of Halo that came with this bundle was identical to other versions of Halo, with the exception of a "NOT FOR RESALE" notice placed on the front of the game case. - <ref>[http://xfusion2010.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/xbox-halo-combat-evolved-edition.html#sthash.yxiJFJQ4.dpuf '''xfusion2010''' - '''Xbox Halo Combat Evolved edition''']</ref>
*'''2004''' - Rereleased as part of Action Double Pack which included ''Brute Force'' and ''Halo: Combat Evolved''.<ref>[http://www.ign.com/articles/2004/05/04/call-it-halo-force '''IGN''' - ''Call it Halo Force'']</ref>
*'''2005''' - Rereleased as part of the ''Halo Triple Pack'' which contained ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', ''Halo 2'', and ''[[Halo 2 Multiplayer Map Pack]]''.
*'''2007''' - Rereleased as part of the ''Halo History Pack'' (Japan only), which contained ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', ''Halo 2'', and a sneak peek of ''Halo 3'',<ref>[http://www.gamespot.com/halo-history-pack/ '''Gamespot''' ''Halo History Pack'']</ref> and as part of [[Xbox LIVE]]'s Xbox Originals.
*'''2011''' - Remade as ''[[Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary]]'' to tie in with ''Halo''<nowiki>'s</nowiki> tenth anniversary.
*'''2014''' - Rerelease of ''Anniversary'' as part of ''[[Halo: The Master Chief Collection]]'' on [[Xbox One]], with the original ''Halo'' multiplayer compatible for the first time ever with console [[matchmaking]].
*'''2020''' - Rerelease of ''Anniversary'' as part of ''Halo: The Master Chief Collection'' on Windows 10 and Steam.

==Original Halo team==
{{Scrollbox
|{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
;Project Lead
:Jason Jones

;Lead Producer
:Hamilton Chu

;Executive Producer
:Alexander Seropian

;Producer
:Rick Ryan

;Programmers
:Chris Butcher
:Bernie Freidin
:Charlie Gough
:Mat Noguchi
:Matt Segur

;Art Director
:Marcus Lehto

;Assistant Art Lead
:Steve Abeyta

;Artists
:Eric Arroyo
:Chris Barrett
:Mark Bernal
:David Dunn
:Chris Hughes
:Stephen Okasaki
:Chris Lee
:Robert McLees
:Paul Russel
:Shi Kai Wang
:Michael Wu
:Brian Schultz

;Lead Designer
:John Howard

;Designers
:Paul Bertone
:Tyson Green
:Jaime Griesemer
:Dan Orzulak

;Additional Writing
:Brannon Boren
:Matt Soell
:Eric Trautmann

;Multiplayer Lead Programmer
:Michael Evans

;Multiplayer Programmers
:Adrian Perez
:Stefan Sinclair

;Multiplayer Lead Designer
:Hardy LeBel

;Multiplayer Artists
:Chris Carney
:David Dunn
:Peter Marks
:David Moore
:Stephen Okasaki

;User Interface Lead
:Max Hoberman

;User Interface Designer
:David Candland

;User Interface Programmer
:Stefan Sinclair

;Cinematics Director
:Joseph Staten

 {{col-2}}
;Cinematic Artists
:Steve Abeyta
:Paul Clift
:Adam Crockett
:Lorraine McLees
:Stephen Okasaki
:Craig Mullins
:Lee Wilson

;Audio Lead/Original Music
:Martin O'Donnell

;Additional Music
:Michael Salvatori

;Sound Designers
:Jay Weinland
:Adam Tewes

;Test Manager
:Harold Ryan

;Test Leads
:Curtis Creamer
:Ryan Hylland
:Keith Steury

;Testers
:Chris Chamberlain
:Mike Cody
:Chuck Cooper
:Erik Davis
:John Frey
:Rick Lockyear
:Paul Peterson
:Zach Russel
:Mathew Shimbaku
:Luke Timmins
:Jeff Wilson
:Roger Wolfson

;Voice Talent
:Keny Boynton
:Tim Dadabo
:Mark Dias
:Steve Downes
:Todd Licea
:Mike Madeoy
:Andy Mckaige
:Tawnya Pettiford-Waites
:David Scully
:Pete Stacker
:Jeff Steitzer
:Jen Taylor
:Chris Wicklund

;Additional voices
:Folks at Bungie

;Damage and Spin
:Matt Soell

;Draft Dodgers
:Pete Demoreuille
:Tom Gioconda
:Joshua Grass
:Justin Hayward
:Jason Major
:Juan Ramirez
:Bob Settles

;Product Manager
:Steve Fowler

;Product Planner
:Jon Kimmch

;Localization Program Manager
:Ji Hong
{{col-end}}
}}

==Production notes==
*''Halo: Combat Evolved'' was not the original title made by Bungie; the original title of the game had always been intended to be simply "''Halo''". The subtitle ''"Combat Evolved"'', which Bungie has stated they "hated", was suggested by Microsoft Game Studios during the Halo's development phase in order to make the title more descriptive and indicative of a shooter game.<ref>[http://www.computerandvideogames.com/article.php?id=249196 '''ComputerAndVideoGame''': ''Microsoft forced Bungie to accept 'Combat Evolved' name'']</ref>
*There are 8,087 lines of dialog, most of them randomly triggered during combat.<ref>[http://nikon.bungie.org/news.html?item=20971 '''halo.bungie.org''', ''Halo Dialogue Statistics''] - ''November 12, 2007''</ref>
*The ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' box art shows the Banshees in the background in their pilotless stance, yet they are still flying. Similarly, they are shown firing thin beams, rather than the bolts that they actually fire in-game.
*''Halo: Combat Evolved ''was originally going to have most of the weapons that were introduced in ''Halo 2'' and ''Halo 3'', but due to time constraint, most of the weapons were cut from the final version.<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dydfehQBaGE '''Youtube''': ''Evolution of Halo Part 2: Pre-Xbox 1999 Version to 2000 Demo '']</ref>
*In the game's manual, the [[Type-25 Directed Energy Rifle|plasma rifle]]'s blueprint is an overlap of a [[Type-33 Guided Munitions Launcher|needler]] underneath and the rifle on top.
*''Halo'' was originally planned to have a changing weather system which was mentioned in the August 2000 issue of ''PC Gamer'' magazine.<ref>[http://halo.bungie.org/pressscans/display.html?scan=pcgamer.0800 '''halo.bungie.org''': ''PC Gamer August 2000'']</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Halo - Combat Evolved Logo Huge.png|Title art.
File:HCE Japan cover.jpg|The "Japan" cover for the game.
File:Halo_Combat_Evolved_(Xbox)_Platinum_Hits_box_art.JPG|The "Platinum Hits" cover for the game.
File:CE Artwork CoverArt-Magazine.jpg|Another version of the cover art without text and logos, used on the cover of the June [[2002]] issue of the Japanese [[Wikipedia:Famitsu|Famitsu Xbox]] magazine.{{Ref/Site|https://page.auctions.yahoo.co.jp/jp/auction/w396424921|Yahoo! Japan|PageName=ヤフオク! - 0612g-030 ファミ通Xbox 2002.6 エンターブレイ...|Y=2020|M=Jun|D=27}}
File:Halo-combat-evolved.jpg|A promotional image for the game.
File:HCE ControlRoom_Concept_1.png|Concept art for the ring's control room.
File:HCE Elite Concept 2.png|Sangheili concept art.
File:Early Hunter.jpg|Hunter concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 1.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 2.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 3.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 4.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 5.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 6.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 7.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 8.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 9.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE RingSurface Concept 10.jpg|Installation 04 concept art.
File:HCE CovenantInterior Concept.jpg|Concept art.
File:HCE-MasterChief-Wallpaper.jpg|Image used to promote Halo: Combat Evolved.
File:HCE Promotional image.gif|Image used to promote the game.
</gallery>

==Sources==
{{Ref/Sources|2}}

== See also ==
*[[Blam!]]
*[[Halo: Combat Evolved credits|Halo: Combat Evolved Credits]]
*[[Archive:Xbox.com/Halo|Archived Xbox.com portal page for ''Halo: Combat Evolved'']]

== External links ==
*[http://halo.bungie.net/Projects/Halo/default.aspx ''Official project page'' on '''Bungie.net''']
*[http://www.halowaypoint.com/en-us/games/halocombatevolved#video_1 ''Halo: Combat Evolved'' on '''Halo Waypoint''']
*[https://medium.com/@Oozer3993/the-making-of-halo-how-combat-evolved-from-blam-part-1-f6b58fcc4ade#.i02dmu1px ''The Making of Halo: How Combat Evolved from Blam!— Part 1'']

{{Navbox/Media/Games}}

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