Editing Flood combat form

{{era|Forerunner|HCW}}
{{references}}
{{Flood Species Infobox
|name=Combat form
|image=[[File:1195430022 100.jpg|350px]]
|height=Varies on host
|distinctions=Host body covered with greenish-gray decaying skin and armed with mutated appendages. The host's head is pushed aside to make room for the [[Flood infection form|infection form]].
|species=*[[Human]]
*[[Sangheili]]
*[[Jiralhanae]]
*[[Unggoy]]
*[[Kig-Yar]]
*[[Forerunner]]
|attacks=Lunging at a victim, whipping with appendages and using held weapon
|notable=
*[[Bero 'Kusovai]]
*[[Wallace A. Jenkins]]
*[[Manuel Mendoza]]
*[[Jacob Keyes]]
}}
A '''Flood combat form'''<ref>'''[[Halo: The Flood]]''', ''page 225'' (''"The first of these '''combat forms''' he'd seen had once been Elites."'')</ref> is the product of [[Flood Super Cell]]s, typically via an [[Flood infection form|infection form]], infecting a [[Sentience|sentient]] host organism. They serve as the Flood's primary combatants, defending the Flood against attack and securing additional hosts for infection.

==Pathology==
When an infection form successfully enters a host body, it takes over the organism's nervous system and mutates its body using [[LF.Xx.3273 Flood Super Cell|Flood Super Cells]];<ref name="bestiarum">'''[[Bestiarum]]'''</ref> inhalation of [[Flood spore|spores]] can have the same effect. During the infection process, the host's internal organs are broken down, and the resultant nutrient stockpile is used to develop the tentacles, claws and various other appendages and apparatuses. Combat forms can spread the Super Cell merely through wounding a victim, though such infection may progress gradually.<ref>'''Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe''' - ''The Mona Lisa''</ref>

Both living and deceased hosts can be infected, although the infection process is inherently fatal to living hosts. If the host is still living when initially infected, or at the very least has not suffered somatic brain cell death, the Flood is able to retrieve comparatively vast quantities of information from the hosts memory; including specific coordinates, access codes, flight protocols, etc.<ref>'''[[Halo Graphic Novel]]''', ''[[The Last Voyage of the Infinite Succor]]''</ref>  Once it has total control over the host's corpse, the infection form changes the physiology of the body to better suit its own needs. As combat forms retain most of the host's abilities they are able to utilize their host's weapons and vehicles, albeit with less finesse. 

On rare occasions, weak or damaged infection forms cannot properly take over a host, allowing the host to survive, even retaining some control and consciousness, as in the case of [[Private First Class]] [[Wallace A. Jenkins|Wallace Jenkins]].<ref>'''[[Halo: The Flood]]''', ''pages 171-176, 273-276''</ref>

In the initial stage of a Flood outbreak, the [[Feral Stage]], combat forms communicate using pheromones and have one instinctual behavior: to secure new hosts to strengthen the local [[Proto-Gravemind|controlling intelligence]]. It is to be noted that a group of Flood will occasionally go after [[Sentinel]]s if they are perceived to be the greatest threat in an area, even though Sentinels are unable to be infected by the Flood due to their inorganic nature.
 
Once a sufficient store of biomass is available the Flood enters the [[Coordinated Stage]], and begins forming [[Flood pure form|pure form]] Flood, with the combat forms being used either as defensive units or [[calcium]]/biomass reserves. 

Infected hosts are rapidly digested while being converted, which leaves the host severely ravaged and decayed, much like a corpse that had been exhumed a few weeks after its burial.<ref>'''Halo: The Flood''', ''page 220''</ref> Flood infection is a rapid and efficient biological process, as it can take under a minute in certain cases.<ref>'''[[Halo 3]]'''</ref>

==Types of combat forms==
Virtually any creature can be infected to become a combat form, but the most frequently-used hosts are [[Sangheili]], [[human]]s and [[Jiralhanae]]. [[Unggoy]] and [[Kig-Yar]] can be used as combat forms, but this is uncommon due to their weaker body structure. A small number of species are known to be immune to conversion, including the [[Mgalekgolo]]/[[Lekgolo]] (which are composed of boneless worms and are only sentient as a collective), the [[Yanme'e]], whose exoskeleton lacks the required amount of calcium which renders infection impossible, and the [[Huragok]] which is an artificial organism, and therefore believed to be immune. 

All victims of the Flood's infection, regardless of their physiology, will undergo a similar mutation process. The skin decays rapidly, and changes to the color and texture of Flood biomass as the Flood Super Cells overtake the body. The host's arm bones elongate and grow into whip or claw-like appendages, which will serve as their primary melee weapon in close-combat situations. As the Infection form now serves as the host's "brain", the head is usually forced aside, and can be severed without any effect on the combat form.<ref group="notes">In ''Halo 3'', the reanimation process can be witnessed; the host will twitch around in pain, and eventually collapse on the ground. Afterwards, the whip appendages will force itself out of the host's left arm, and the infection form will force itself out of the host's chest.</ref>

===Human form===
[[File:Humanflood.png|right|200px|thumb|A human combat form.]]
The human combat form is significantly smaller than other forms due to their hosts' smaller stature. As with other combat forms, it is capable of sustaining massive physical damage before being unusable to the Flood. Although it cannot take as much damage as the Sangheili combat form, the human form has some advantages, being more agile, harder to hit due to its small size, and quicker to melee an opponent. The head of the combat form is pushed to the right side of the body to make room for the infection form.{{clear}}

====Spartan form<ref group="notes">No actual examples of Flood-infected Spartans are known to exist. The UNSC ''Infinity's'' combat training deck featured simulations of Spartan-IV combat forms, which may have been based on conjecture or on information from actual encounters. </ref>====

Flood-infected Spartans bear several differences from standard human combat forms. The right arm is converted into a pincer-like, bladed appendage, and the left leg sustains similarly drastic mutations. Exposed parts of the body are covered with what appear to be calcareous plates, and red "muscle" tissue can be seen in the gaps between plates. A large hump or tumor-like growth on the back is apparent, perhaps serving to shield the infection form. Perhaps because of the obstructing bodysuit, the typical Flood sensory tentacles do not protrude from the chest cavity. The form appears to retain more of its original silhouette than typical combat forms. Although most of the Spartan's armor is discarded, the components responsible for generating the energy shield are retained. 
===Sangheili form===
[[File:Eliteflood.png|thumb|200px|right|Sangheili Combat Form]]
The Sangheili combat form is agile, resilient, and capable of utilizing its host's armor abilities such as [[active camouflage]] and [[Energy shielding|energy shields]] to assist them in combat. The Sangheili combat forms are slightly larger than the human form and as such present a larger target. The head of the combat form is typically slung over the right shoulder, the neck bones having been "liquefied" during infection.
{{clear}}

===Jiralhanae form===
[[File:BruteFloodCombatForm.png|thumb|right|200px|Brute form schematics.]]
The [[Jiralhanae]] combat form is a formidable enemy and is more aggressive in combat than other combat forms, as it will charge towards an opponent recklessly; this behavior is most likely a holdover from the Jiralhanae's savage nature and preference for close combat. The Jiralhanae form is more powerful than the human form, but falls short against the Sangheili form. It is bulkier and slower than other combat forms. Since a Jiralhanae cannot be infected until their [[Jiralhanae power armor|power armor]] is destroyed, the Jiralhanae form cannot make use of their host's armor abilities. Unlike the Sangheili or Human combat form, where the infection form burrows into the left side of the chest of its victim, the infection form apparently burrows into the mouth of a Jiralhanae, pushing the lower jaw and rest of the head apart to fit into the body.
{{clear}}

===Unggoy and Kig-Yar combat forms===
These forms do not appear in the trilogy and are instead introduced in ''Halo Wars''.<ref group="notes"> While no canon source ever ''denied'' it was possible for Unggoy or Kig-Yar to be converted, it was thought that they were unsuitable for conversion due to their small size and an assumed lack of sufficient calcium stores. Instead of using Unggoy and Kig-yar as combat forms, the Flood typically used them as a type of 'nucleus' that a Carrier Form would grow around. The two species had originally been intended by Bungie to become Combat Forms, but limitations in resources and staff at the time of the formative years of the franchise led to the introduction into the fiction of the Unggoy's and Kig-yar's supposed unsuitable status as combat forms. They would also serve as building blocks for a Gravemind. It wasn't until the release of ''Halo Wars'' that they were formally implemented in-game.</ref> Rarely seen in actual combat situations, infected Unggoy and Kig-Yar are more commonly converted into carrier forms or processed for their biomass. These "building blocks" can be used to add to a Gravemind's superstructure or be molded into Flood pure forms.

Unggoy and Kig-Yar combat forms have only been witnessed in the [[Battle of Shield 0459|first recorded contact]] between the Covenant and the Flood.

== Anti-Flood countermeasures ==
*Combat Forms can take extensive and sizable amounts of damage before being neutralized. Arms, legs and even heads can be dismembered before they are incapacitated. The weak areas of a Combat Form are its sensory appendages that normally develop on the upper chest. This is where the Infection Form has nestled, and the body is incapacitated if this area is destroyed by a projectile weapon.

*In ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', a combat form may fall only to stand up again and keep fighting. This can only happen if it is not damaged enough. In ''Halo 2'' and ''Halo 3'', if the body is not destroyed, Combat Forms can be revived if another Infection Form crawls into it.

*Human weapons are generally more effective against the Flood, as Covenant plasma weaponry is designed to debilitate targets by causing burning pain and structural damage to bodies, and the Flood cannot feel pain or be crippled.<ref>'''[[Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe]]''' - ''[[The Mona Lisa]]''</ref> However, In ''Halo 3'', plasma-based weaponry and melee attacks, formerly weak against the Combat Forms in the previous two games, are now highly effective. Piercing weapons such as the [[Sniper rifle|Sniper Rifle]] and the [[Type-50 Sniper Rifle System|Beam Rifle]] have little effect on Combat Forms, as both are designed to cause damage to internal organs, which the Combat Form does not require. At a distance, explosive ordnance such as grenades, rockets, and fuel rod gun projectiles, and ranged weapons such as the [[Battle rifle|Battle Rifle]] or the [[Type-51 Carbine|Covenant Carbine]] can perform well against Combat Forms. Do note that Plasma and Spike grenades should be used with caution, as the Combat Form will sometimes ignore all other targets and charge players using such weapons at high speed. The [[Type-33 Guided Munitions Launcher|Needler]] can be devastating, as the supercombine explosion will prevent it coming back to life in ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', and will shatter it in ''Halo 2'' and ''3''. In addition, the Needler's explosions will destroy an entire horde of charging Flood Combat Forms, similar to grenades and rocket launchers, minus the chance of self-injury. For ranged weapons, it is recommended for players to focus their fire at the sensory appendages that are visible on Combat Forms as successfully firing at one will immediately bring down a Combat Form. Dismemberment with ranged weapons is also recommended to prevent Combat Forms from firing their held weapons. At close combat, it is recommended that individuals acquire close-quarters weapons such as the Shotgun, Energy Sword and Gravity Hammer as they perform exceptionally well against Combat Forms. The melee attacks from the Brute Shot and Spiker will also do impressivly well, no doubt due to the large bayonets that each weapon possesses. Burning Combat Forms with sufficient amounts of heat (such as that generated by the Sentinel Beam) is one of the most effective methods in any situation, as is the destruction of the torso. Automatic weapons are also effective, though ammo inefficient (it can take up to an entire magazine of assault rifle ammunition to kill a single Combat Form).

==Trivia==
===General===
* In ''Halo: Combat Evolved'', combat forms will not disintegrate from successive melee hits when they are dead like in ''Halo 2'' and ''Halo 3''.
* In ''Halo 2'', all Combat Forms are also capable of driving and boarding vehicles and are able to do so in ''Halo 3'', though the ability to drive vehicles is lost. They still retain the ability to board slow moving vehicles however.
* In ''Halo 2'', all of the Sangheili forms encountered use one armor palette; the [[Sangheili Minor|Minor]] [[Sangheili combat harness|Combat Harness]]. In ''Halo 3'' however, the Sangheili Forms will retain its host's armor palette. Strength of each Sangheili Form will be dependent on the ranks of its host; an infected [[Sangheili Major]] will be considerably harder to kill than a [[Sangheili Minor]]. Killing a Sangheili Combat Form is easier than a Human Combat form, a shot from a Carbine or Battle Rifle will take one down immediately. 
* Flood Combat Forms seem to take on physiological and biological changes throughout the Halo trilogy; these changes from game to game could be due to the Gravemind's influence in attempting to create a better Flood soldier or they could simply be graphical updates.
* In all of the ''Halo'' games, Flood Combat Forms always hold certain two-handed weapons with one hand, and can actually reload them without doing a reload animation. These weapons include the [[M90 Close Assault Weapon System|Shotgun]], the [[M41 Surface-to-Surface Rocket Medium Anti-Vehicle/Assault Weapon|Rocket Launcher]], the [[MA5B Individual Combat Weapon System|Assault Rifle]] and others. They can also use the [[M6D Personal Defense Weapon System|Magnum]] with one hand and reload it without doing any animation for it.

===Halo: Combat Evolved===
*Combat forms will run towards the player when armed. Both human combat forms and Sangheili combat forms will berserk when they have their arm that holds a gun shot off and will rush the player. Combat Forms that are unarmed will rush the player by default.
*Elite combat forms can have their head and arms shot off while Human Combat Forms can have their head, arms and chest cavity shot off.
*In the campaign level [[343 Guilty Spark (level)|343 Guilty Spark]], if you stand on a light Bridge, the Flood combat forms will leap onto the bridge and get stuck. They will only be able to move by jumping at you.
*If you shoot both arms off a Combat Form in ''[[Halo: Combat Evolved]]'' it will not be able to attack you and will simply follow you around. Players have dubbed this instance as creating a ''"[[Flood Friends|Flood Buddy]]"''.
*This is the only game in which an infection form cannot revive a dead combat form; instead they may just get back up.

===Halo 2===
*When using the Grunt Birthday Party skull against the Flood in ''Halo 2'', the effect of the skull will cause the plasma grenade explosion to occur when you shoot the combat form in the chest, where the Infection Form is.
*Reflecting their enhanced intelligence, human combat forms still wear the armor they had on when they first transformed making it significantly harder to shoot the infection form in their chest. Elite forms can now also have shields which recharge over time. Once the shield is taken, though, they are very easy to incapacitate.
*The combat form's performance in close quarters combat has improved. They can now bite and headbutt enemies if both arms are removed, they will kick enemies if their head and arms are removed.
*The combat form can sprint towards enemies at a distance (unable to shoot while sprinting).
*In ''Halo 2'', a combat form will explode if both of its arms are shot off.

===Halo 3===
* The Combat Form can pick up any weapon should it be near them when they "resurrect". They will also pick up two handed weapons such as the [[Type-52 Directed Energy Support Weapon|Plasma Cannon]] and [[M7057/Defoliant Projector|Flamethrower]] if close by. Like other weapons, they will wield it with only one hand.
*Probably to prevent the player from getting a big combat advantage from Jiralhanae combat forms during the brief time they are allies in [[The Covenant (level)|The Covenant]], or perhaps to prevent enemy Flood combat forms from overwhelming the player, weapons that would normally be picked up when a Jiralhanae combat form "resurrects" are deleted by the game's code, rendering them unusable.
* An infected Jiralhanae Chieftain will turn into the generic Jiralhanae combat form character model, which is used for all Jiralhanae that become infected, regardless of rank or armor type. This is a pattern shown throughout the games; Combat Forms are all portrayed with a singular generic character model, depending on the species that is infected.
* Regardless of gender, an infected [[human]] Flood becomes a male combat form. There are no variations between an infected male or female Marine, because there is only one character model for a Human Combat Form in the game.
* Combat forms are capable of speech in an echoing voice. They usually speak for the [[Gravemind]] or quote their host.
* ''Halo 3'' is the only game in which a combat form can be killed instantly by meleeing them with something other than a [[Energy Sword]], [[Gravity Hammer]] or [[Brute Shot]].

===Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary===
*Human combat forms receive a graphical update while Elite combat forms appear to be using the models from ''Halo 3''. This is most noticeable at the legs, which do not end with ''Halo: Reach''-styled feet. Additionally, all the Elite combat forms appear to be Ultras.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Grunt Concept.jpg|Early concept art of an [[Unggoy]] combat form.
File:FloodBase-Marine.jpg|Concept art of a human combat form for ''[[Halo Wars]]''.
File:HGN-FloodCombatForm.jpg|Two [[human]] combat forms in ''[[Halo Graphic Novel]]'': ''[[Breaking Quarantine]]''.
File:Elite Flood Combat Form (Very Angry).jpg|A [[Sangheili]] combat form in the ''Halo Graphic Novel''.
File:Flood.jpg|A human combat form action figure.
File:Warrior Form Human2.png|A human combat form from ''[[Halo: Combat Evolved]]''.
File:Warrior Form Covie2.png|A Sangheili combat form from ''Halo: Combat Evolved''.
File:Flood human form.jpg|A human combat form in ''[[Halo 2]]''.
File:FloodWeaponless05.jpg|A Sangheili combat form from ''Halo 2''.
File:1216051647 Infected.jpg|A Marine undergoing the reanimation process after getting infected by an Infection form in ''[[Halo 3]]''.
File:Flood Marine 01-horz.jpg|A Marine killed mid-transformation.
File:FCFelite.jpg|A Sangheili combat form in ''Halo 3''.
File:FloodFaces-large.jpg|A Jiralhanae combat form and a human combat form in ''Halo 3''.
File:H Evol - Mona Lisa Flood Combat Forms.png|A horde of combat form onboard the [[prison ship]] ''[[Mona Lisa]]''.
File:Anniversary, FloodCombatForm.jpg|A human combat form in ''[[Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary]]'''s [[Terminal/Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary|Terminals]].
File:HCE Human Flood Combat Form.png|In-game view of a human Flood combat form in ''Halo: Combat Evolved''.
File:H2 Human Flood Combat Form.png|Human Flood combat form in ''Halo 2''.
File:H2 Elite Flood Combat Form.png|Sangheili Flood combat form in ''Halo 2''.
File:H3-BruteFloodCombatForm.jpg|Jiralhanae Flood combat form in ''Halo 3''.
File:Halo3 51016200 Full.jpg|Human Flood combat form in ''Halo 3''.
File:Halo3 61026908 Full.jpg|Elite Flood combat form wielding a fuel rod gun in ''Halo 3''.
File:Halo 4 Flood concept art 2.jpg|Reference sheet of a [[SPARTAN-IV]] combat form in ''[[Halo 4]]''.
File:H4-MP-Flood-Complex.jpg|Spartan combat forms in the ''Halo 4'' [[Flood (gametype)|Flood gametype]].
File:H4-FloodCombatForm-Spartan.png|Detail view of the Spartan Flood Combat Form.
File:H4 Flood Claw.jpg|Render of the SPARTAN-IV combat forms' claw.
File:H4 Combat form concept.jpg|Concept art of a combat form in ''Halo 4''.
</gallery>

==Notes==
<references group="notes"/>

==List of appearances==
*''[[Halo: Combat Evolved]]'' {{1st}}
*''[[Halo: The Flood]]''
*''[[Halo 2]]''
*''[[Halo Graphic Novel]]''
**''[[The Last Voyage of the Infinite Succor]]''
**''[[Breaking Quarantine]]''
*''[[Halo 3]]''
*''[[Halo Wars]]''
*''[[Halo Legends]]''
**''[[Origins]]''
*''[[Halo: Evolutions - Essential Tales of the Halo Universe]]''
**''[[The Mona Lisa]]''
*''[[Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary]]''
**''[[Terminal/Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary|Terminals]]''
*''[[Halo 4]]'' {{C|Simulation-only}}
**''[[Terminal/Halo 4|Terminals]]''
*''[[Halo: Spartan Assault]]'' {{C|Simulation-only}}
*''[[Halo 2 Anniversary]]''

==Sources==
<references/>

{{Flood}}
[[Category:The Flood]]